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991.
新疆草地生态价值及其可持续开发利用初探 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
草地是新疆农业自然资源的重要组成部分,是发展草地畜牧业的重要基础,通过对新疆草地特点阐述以及对草地生态价值的量化研究,本文在新疆草地开发利用现状的基础上,针对新疆14个主要草地区提出了草地开发利用的具体措施。 相似文献
992.
993.
干旱区防风固沙林建设与管理的进一步思考 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据干旱区的典型特点,突出"水"的问题,结合已有成果的经验,针对目前新疆防风固沙生态林建设与管理中存在的问题,就造林树种选择、林带结构、造林密度、用水方式等问题,从恢复生态学的理论高度提出一些供参考的想法。 相似文献
994.
高校建筑规划与生态文明的思考 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在规划和建筑设计中,实施生态文明,促进人与自然的协调和谐发展,正成为全球经济社会发展的新动向。加强高校校园环境保护,促进校园生态建筑文明,坚持可持续发展战略的理念,为师生员工提供一个优美、舒适、安静的工作和学习环境,使师生员享受到生态文明的乐趣。 相似文献
995.
国际环境制度对能源安全战略的重大影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
刘东民 《中国人口.资源与环境》2003,13(3):44-47
能源安全一直是国际政治和经济领域的重大问题。在追求可持续发展和全球化不断推进的2l世纪,国际环境制度的逐步形成为能源安全赋予了新的涵义,生态安全已经成为能源安全的重要组成部分。以保障能源供应为主要出发点的传统能源安全观逐渐向着涵盖能源供应、经济竞争力和环境质量三大要素的“综合能源安全观”的方向发展。 相似文献
996.
Land-use planning using geographic information systems (GIS) commonly emphasizes biophysical spatial data; however planning
can be improved by integrating spatial sets of socioeconomic data into the GIS. As an example, we compared a traditional GIS-aided
forestry planning protocol that considered only biophysical suitability, with an integrated GIS-aided approach that incorporated
both biophysical and socioeconomic suitability. The analyses were conducted for the planning of plantation investments in
the Kyaukpadaung Township in the dry zone of central Myanmar. The traditional approach used three biophysical layers for suitability:
land use, slope, and accessibility. In contrast, the integrated GIS approach included biophysical suitability data, perceptions
and preferences of local villagers towards forestry (social suitability), and quantitative socioeconomic data. The results
indicated that the integrated approach provided two principal benefits over the traditional method. First, the integrated
method resulted in a more precise idea of suitable sites for plantation investment that could benefit more rural people and
also lead to greater investment efficiency. Second, incorporating social preference into the GIS takes into account the crucial
element of social capital (viz., social preference), which should lead to higher levels of community acceptance of plantation
projects because those plantations would be established on socially suitable land. A second GIS exercise showed how conservation
investment decisions could be informed using the integrated method. The results of this study support the idea that GIS-aided
planning activities can be enhanced through the incorporation of social data into the analysis. When applicable, spatial data
collection efforts for GIS-based planning exercises should incorporate spatial socioeconomic data. 相似文献
997.
本文针对如何正确处理开发旅游资源与保护景观的关系,运用景观生态学原理,阐述了景观生态协调机制的基本内容和实现这一机制的途径. 相似文献
998.
试论旅游经济与环境保护的关系——以香溪河风景线为例 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
阐述了旅游经济与环境保护矛盾的由来;分析了旅游经济系统,景观生态系统的结构与功能。指出旅游经济系统的旅游产品结构、旅游行业结构同环境保护关系最为密切,只有对其结构实行优化,才可能解决它们与景观生态系统结构之间的矛盾,把旅游经济活动对生态与环境影响降低到最小程度。旅游经济系统功能与景观生态系统功能,受其经济影响也经常处于矛盾状态之中。自然景观生态系统是通过食物链和食物网进行物质、能量传递的,倘若旅游 相似文献
999.
J.C. Doornkamp 《Journal of environmental management》1998,52(4):327-333
A review of the difficulties associated with the definition of coastal flood frequencies and magnitudes leads to a recognition that there is considerable doubt in many parts of the world as to the precise nature of this particular hazard. Similarly, a review of the sea-level measurements that have been used to indicate a response to global warming shows that there is uncertainty about the amount of other controlling influences. What is clear, however, are that past management decisions about human endeavours in the coastal zone (including flood defences, occupance of flood-prone lands, extraction of ground water and natural gas) have had an impact on relative land and sea levels and have done more to increase the risk of coastal flooding than can be assigned so far to global warming. In addition, these changes induced by human activity may render inappropriate calculations of coastal-flood frequencies based on historical records since the latter relate to a period of time when the controls on flooding may have been very different. 相似文献
1000.
ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING: A Synoptic Approach for Assessing Cumulative Impacts to Wetlands 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
/ The US Environmental Protection Agency's Wetlands ResearchProgram has developed the synoptic approach as a proposed method forassessing cumulative impacts to wetlands by providing both a general and acomprehensive view of the environment. It can also be applied more broadly toregional prioritization of environmental issues. The synoptic approach is aframework for making comparisons between landscape subunits, such aswatersheds, ecoregions, or counties, thereby allowing cumulative impacts tobe considered in management decisions. Because there is a lack of tools thatcan be used to address cumulative impacts within regulatory constraints, thesynoptic approach was designed as a method that could make use of availableinformation and best professional judgement. Thus, the approach is acompromise between the need for rigorous results and the need for timelyinformation. It is appropriate for decision making when quantitative,accurate information is not available; the cost of improving existinginformation or obtaining better information is high; the cost of a wronganswer is low; there is a high demand for the information; and the situationcalls for setting priorities between multiple decisions versus optimizing fora single decision. The synoptic approach should be useful for resourcemanagers because an assessment is timely; it can be completed within one totwo years at relatively low cost, tested, and improved over time. Anassessment can also be customized to specific needs, and the results arepresented in mapped format. However, the utility of a synoptic assessmentdepends on how well knowledge of the environment is incorporated into theassessment, relevant to particular management questions.KEY WORDS: Cumulative impact assessment; Landscape ecology; Regionalprioritization 相似文献