同位素示踪法研究有机污染物在模拟水生生态系统中的行为

应用同位素示踪技术，研究了模拟水生生态系统中三氯苯、邻苯二甲酸正丁酯，２，４，６－三氯酚－＾１４Ｃ的分布、迁移、转化行为。实验周期后，水中污染物浓度分别降低了８９％，８０％，９５％以上，三氯苯在底泥和浮游生物中有积累。测定了标记物在水、悬浮物、＾１４ＣＯ２吸收溶液，ＸＡＤ－２树脂上的放射性强度。假设水中标记物的降解遵循一级速率过程，２４ｄ后，水中２，４，６－三氯酚－＾１４Ｃ浓度已降为原来浓度的５％     

城市生态学基本原理的探讨

城市生态学是一门正在发展中的生态学分支,因其产生历史较短,而尚未形成一套成熟的理论体系和研究方法.本文试图应用生态学基本原理来探讨城市生态系统的性质和特点,初步提出了城市生态学的一些原理和研究城市生态系统的指导原则,并提出了环境承载力—人类社会行为和生态环境之间的界面在城市生态系统研究的地位和作用.     

基于GIS的唐山市综合防灾与生态规划

中国北方东部城市正处于高速发展时期，大部分城市由于处于环太平洋地震带和北纬中度灾害带的交叉部位，灾害问题严重，造成的经济损失巨大。因此，为了城市的可持续发展，必须把城市的生态建设和综合防灾工作结合起来，进行整体规划。通过自然灾害数据库的建立，灾害源、工程地质、建筑和城市生命线等数据的ACCESS数据库分别建立起来了。基于数理统计分析模型的GIS技术，以MAPINFO为平台，采用MAPBASIC开发工具，创建了唐山市综合防灾和生态规划信息管理系统，为唐山市的综合防灾的可持续发展规划提供了建议和依据。     

Critical load of sulfur deposition for ecosystemand its application in China

ＣｒｉｔｉｃａｌｌｏａｄｏｆｓｕｌｆｕｒｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍａｎｄｉｔｓａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｉｎＣｈｉｎａＺｈａｏＤｉａｎｗｕ；ＺｈａｎｇＸｉａｏｓｈａｎ；ＹａｎｇＪｉａｎｘｉｎ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－Ｅ...     

Eco-environmental benefit assessment of China''''s South-North Water Transfer Scheme——the middle route project

IntroductionInordertoalleviateseverewatershortagesinnorthChina ,ChinesecentralgovernmenthavestartedtoimplementtheSouth NorthWaterTransferScheme(SNWT) ,whichwilltransferwaterfromYangtzeRiverbasininthesouthtoHuang Huai Hai(YellowRiver ,HuaiheRiverandHaiheRi…     

Spatial analysis of plant detritus processing in a Mediterranean river type: the case of the River Tirso Basin,Sardinia, Italy

The river continuum concept represents the most general framework addressing the spatial variation of both structure and function in river ecosystems.In the Mediterranean ecoregion,summer drought events and dams constitute the main sources of local disturbance to the structure and functioning of river ecosystems occurring in the river basin.In this study,we analysed patterns of spatial variation of detritus processing in a 7th order river of the Mediterranean ecoregion(River Tirso,Sardinia0Italy)and in three 4th order sub-basins which were exposed to different summer drought pressures.The study was carried out on phragmites australis and Alnus glutionsa leaf detritus at 31 field sites in seasonal field experiment Detritus processing rates were higher for Alnus glutionsa than for Phragmites australis plant detritus.Processing rates of Alnus glutionsa leaves varied among seasons and study sites from 0.006d^-1 to 0.189d^-1 and those of Phragmites australis leaves ranged from 0.0008d^-1 to 0.102d^-1,with the lowest values occurring at sites exposed to summer drought.Seasons and sites accounted for a significant proportion of such variability.Alder detritus decay rates generally decreased with increasing stream order,while reed detritus decay rates generallyincreased on the same spatial gradient.Summer drought events affected these spatial patterns of variation by influencing significantly the decay rates of both plant detritus.The comparisons among and within sub-basins showed strong negative influence of summer drought on detritus processing rates.Similarly,in the entire River Tirso basin decay rates were always lower at disturbed than at undisturbed sites for each stream order;decay rates of reed detritus remained lower at those sites even after the end of the disturbance events,while alder decay rates recovered rapidly from the summer drought perturbations.The different recovery of the processing rates of the two leaves could also explain the different patterns of spatial variation observed between the two leaves.     

浅谈生态平衡的破坏和重建

通过列举古今中外实例 ,从生态学角度 ,阐述生态平衡的重要性及深远意义 ,警示世人大自然法则不容破坏 ,保护和重建生态平衡就是保护人类的生存与发展。     

生态系统调节水量的价值评估——兴山实例

根据植被类型、坡度和土壤类型，分析了兴山县集水区内不同植被地块调节水量的能力。并且根据水能学的原理，分析了枯水期和洪峰期葛洲坝水电站的发电量与水流量的关系，建立了水流发电模拟模型。在上述分析的基础上，评估了兴山县境内生态系统调节香溪河等河流的水量，改善长江全年来水的均匀度，提高葛洲坝水电站发电效率的经济价值。     

生态治理工程对锡林郭勒草地生态系统文化服务感知的影响研究

锡林郭勒近年来草地退化趋势严重,一系列生态治理工程陆续开展。基于问卷调查法,探究草地文化服务牧户感知情况及其影响因素,对比分析不同治理工程区牧户对草地文化服务感知的差异。结果表明：（1）牧户对草地文化服务的感知受其民族、年龄、文化水平的影响（P<0.05）。蒙古族对生理和精神健康、美学价值的感知高于汉族;年龄较高的群体对生理及精神健康服务、教育及研究价值感知较高,对休闲娱乐的感知较低;高文化水平群体对教育及研究价值感知较高。（2）生态工程影响草地文化服务的牧户感知,“草畜平衡+休牧+禁牧”区牧户对草地多项文化服务（生理及精神健康、灵感、精神及宗教信仰、地方感、休闲娱乐）的感知低于其他治理工程区。     

黑龙江省生态功能区划研究

在生态环境现状评价、生态环境敏感性评价、生态系统服务功能重要性评价基础上,根据区划原则,采用定性和定量分区相结合的方法,将黑龙江省划分成6个生态区,13个生态亚区,45个生态功能区,并且给出各类重要生态功能区的数量、位置和面积.