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Judith Feichtinger 《Local Environment》2013,18(3):229-242
Abstract Local Agenda 21 (LA21), which has its roots in the UN Conference on Environment and Development held in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, aims at fostering processes of sustainable development on a local level. In this article, we compare the LA21 processes of two cities, Helsingborg in Sweden and Vienna in Austria, to seek insight into the varying implementation approaches of common international political commitments. Our focus of analysis is on the social organisation of the two processes, the way local residents are integrated into LA21 work, and especially the political images of citizens—which we call ‘imagined citizens’—that different actor groups hold. The results of the study illustrate two almost diametrically opposed organisational forms of local sustainability governance, the Swedish process relying on a more expert-led, technocratic model of implementation and the Austrian process strongly building on deliberative forms of citizen participation. 相似文献
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Paul Selman 《Local Environment》2013,18(3):283-294
This paper argues that important issues of sustainable development have been addressed through single-issue landscape plans, and that these plans have carried little weight within the land use decision-making process. A more consolidated approach, based on multi-function landscape plans, is proposed. After reviewing the range of plans which, in the UK, cover woodland, farmscapes, visual amenity, coasts, catchments and biodiversity, the case is made for an integrative plan capable of addressing natural resource issues at the landscape scale. The preliminary character of an integrative plan is outlined. Whilst landscape plans have a relatively weak basis for implementation, it is concluded that a sufficient range of powers is available to ensure some progress. 相似文献
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This article presents an evaluation of the performance of the urban atmospheric dispersion model (DAUMOD) in estimating nitrogen oxides (NOx) background concentrations in Copenhagen. Estimations of hourly average (averaged over a year), mean daily and mean monthly concentrations of NOx are compared with observed values for two years of data. The model slightly underestimates low hourly average values and overestimates high values. The cumulative frequency distribution of mean daily concentration obtained from model estimations is in good agreement with the obtained from observed data. We performed a statistical analysis to determine the agreement between estimated and observed concentration values. The results show that 95.8% of hourly average estimations, 86.8% of mean daily and 100% of monthly average concentrations are within a factor of two of the observed values. The normalised mean square error of predictions is +0.13 for hourly average estimations, +0.22 for mean daily values and +0.02 for monthly mean concentrations. The fractional bias values are: –0.049 for hourly mean estimations, –0.047 for mean daily values and –0.053 for monthly average estimations. The values of the statistical parameters allow us to consider that though estimations are lightly larger than the observed values, the model performance is acceptable. 相似文献
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万慧茹 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2004,24(5):1-2,13
从城市的可持续发展和建立循环经济社会框架的需求出发.阐述了城市政府建立环境管理体系的必要性和意义;并分别从构筑沟通、监督、服务、链接四大平台.提高政府对突发事故的应急能力。建立循环经济社会框架,提高招商引资的竞争力和培养全员环境保护意识从五个方面分析论证了建立环境管理体系可以取得的环境绩效,最终做到规范政府管理,实现环境与经济,社会的协调发展。 相似文献
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污染土壤淋洗液中六氯苯的电化学法处理研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用电化学稳定性较好的钛基镀RuO2为阳极,以不锈钢板为阴极,对污染土壤淋洗液中的六氯苯进行电化学处理,研究了溶液初始pH值、HCB初始浓度、电解时间、电解质浓度、外加电压等因素对六氯苯处理效果的影响。所得最佳工艺条件为:用TX-100做增溶剂时,在HCB初始浓度300μg/L、溶液初始pH为3,电解质浓度为1%,外加电压为6V时,电解3hHCB去除率为60.3%。气相色谱分析表明:阴极还原脱氯是HCB电化学降解的主要途径,检出的降解产物有五氯苯、1,2,4,5-四氯苯和1,2,3,4-四氯苯。 相似文献
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给水系统中卡马西平含量测定方法的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章用固相萃取与高效液相色谱结合的方法测定给水系统中痕量卡马西平的含量。考察了C18小柱的最佳洗脱条件,并且根据出峰时间选择了最佳的色谱条件:流动相为水(用磷酸调节pH至4)和甲醇(40∶60,V/V),温度为25℃,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为285nm。卡马西平浓度在0.2~2mg/L范围内线性关系良好,回归方程y=81.53258x-7.19487,加标回收率平均值为94.3%,RSD为2.7%(n=7)。用该方法测定实际水源水和自来水厂中间工段出水,简单易操作,结果准确。 相似文献