高效液相色谱法分析水中痕量多环芳烃

本文利用高效液相色谱法测定水中痕量多环芳烃（ＰＡＨｓ）。以二氯甲烷作溶剂,超声提取水中痕量ＰＡＨｓ;甲醇、水作流动相,梯度淋洗,用程序可变波长荧光检测器测定。ＰＨＡｓ浓度为０．００７＝０．６μｇ·ｍｌ＾－１范围时,线性相关系数均在０．９９９９以上;峰高、峰面积的相对标准偏差（ｎ＝１０）分别为１．０１－１．８５％,２．００－３．９４％;检测限（Ｓ／Ｎ＝２）为３．１－２３．０ｐｇ;实际水样的加标回收率     

氮源对气相生物滴滤床净化效果的影响

氮源对于气相生物滴滤床的净化效果有显著的影响。由于喷淋液体在生物滴滤床中分布不均匀 ,导致床层中局部氮源不充足 ,从而使滤床的去除效果降低。提高喷淋液中氮源的浓度 ,可以较大幅度提高净化效率。采用NH-4 N会导致滤床中硝化细菌的生长和累积 ,使得异养菌和硝化细菌在溶解氧、氮源和填料空间上形成竞争 ,并致使氮源分布不均匀 ,而采用NO3 N作为氮源可以改善这种状况     

橡胶及制品自然贮存老化行为研究进展

针对橡胶及制品自然贮存老化行为的研究现状,从宏观性能、微观结构、自然贮存试验方法等方面进行综述。其中,宏观性能主要包括力学性能和其他宏观性能两个方面;微观结构方面主要包括FTIR技术、热分析技术、SEM及XPS技术等三个方面;自然贮存试验方法方面主要是部分橡胶及制品的相关自然贮存试验规范及标准。橡胶及制品自然贮存老化行为研究应加强自然贮存试验,综合运用分析手段掌握橡胶及制品的真实老化行为,从而改善橡胶性能,延长其使用寿命。     

嫌气条件下土壤中有机还原性物质的动态变化

利用示差脉冲伏安法研究了不同有机物料在嫌气培养条件下产生的有机还原性物质的动态变化．结果表明：在培养起始阶段，强还原性有机物质的数量迅速增加，以后逐渐下降．不同有机物料所产生的有机还原性物质的强度和数量各不相同。培养初期，有机还原性物质种类较多，长时间培养后，部分还原能力较弱的有机物质消失。长时间培养后。嫌气培养液中强还原性有机物质可能与金属离子作用，使其活性降低。     

高效液相色谱法在无机分析中的应用

本文综述了高效液相色谱法在无机分析中的应用进展。分别介绍了正相、反相、离子对、离子交换、排阻和胶束流动相等液相色谱法在有机金属化合物、金属络合物、无机阳离子和阴离子分离及测定上的实际应用。     

Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Tea and Coffee Samples of Mumbai City (India) by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

This paper describes a method for quantification of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in tea and coffee samples of Mumbai City with the help of reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with UV-VIS detector. This method is based on liquid–liquid extraction followed by clean up with C-18 cartridge. Concentration of total PAHs in different brands of tea and coffee samples varied from 18.79 to 31.37 μg/L and from 16.47 to 18.24 μg/L, respectively. Mean concentration of total PAHs was 27.56 μg/L in tea and 17.20 μg/L in coffee. Recoveries at different concentration levels were higher than 68% in samples of tea and coffee. Detection limit was found to be low (0.0006 ng) for anthracene and highest (0.174 ng) for naphthalene with relative standard deviation between 0.4%–7%.     

三维Pd/OMC粒子电极体系电催化泛影酸盐还原脱碘研究

以泛影酸盐(DTZ)的高效还原脱碘为目标,通过硼氢化钠还原法制备钯负载有序介孔碳(Pd/OMC)作为粒子电极,以碳纤维(CFP)电极作为主阴极,建立了三维电极电催化还原体系.该体系在低阴极电位下(-0.6～-0.8 V)可实现电化学/感应电化学的耦合还原,其脱碘速率是单独阴极体系的2.38～3.65倍;在阴极电位高于析氢电位(-1.5 V)时,可实现电化学/感应电化学/化学催化加氢多还原过程协同去除碘代有机物,其反应速率为单独阴极体系的1.27～4.69倍.进一步研究了DTZ初始浓度、Pd/OMC投加量及Pd的负载量对DTZ还原去除的影响.电化学测试结果表明三维电化学体系具有良好的电子传递能力与电还原性能.利用自由基淬灭实验与ESR自由基捕获对活性还原物种分析,表明原子H~*在三维电化学还原脱碘过程中起重要作用.     

某大型装备液冷机组振动测试及减振优化

目的了解大型装备液冷机组振动情况;评估工作环境人员舒适性;采取合理措施,降低大型装备的液冷机组振动对装备可靠性及装备中工作人员的身体健康的影响。方法对某大型装备的液冷机组开展振动测试及舒适性评估工作,并依据振动分析结果对原有减振方案进行减振优化。结果对比原有减振方案和优化方案对应测点的振动响应,发现优化方案的振动响应明显减小,最大衰减5.55 dB。减振优化后,振动量值从0.555m/s~2下降到0.295m/s~2,根据国家标准GB/T13441.1-2007中的规定,人员在此环境工作时,不会感到不舒适,人员舒适性满足标准要求。结论工作环境人员舒适性满足相关标准要求,减振优化方案效果明显。装备服役后,使用情况良好,进一步证明了减振优化的有效性。     

Thermal performance of ice-making machine with a multi-channel evaporator

An experimental investigation is presented in this paper on the vapor compression refrigeration cycle used in an ice-making machine with a multi-channel evaporator. To study the operation performance of the refrigeration system in the ice-making machine, the fluid temperature distribution in multi-channel evaporating coils are tested and the dynamic variations in each cooling loop are investigated during the ice-generating phase. The results show that the external cooling loops have the largest temperature fluctuations caused by the large initial refrigerant injecting mass flow and the external environmental disturbances. For the inner cooling loops, the related temperature profiles of different test points have relative stable variations. To reduce the temperature fluctuations of the outside loops, it is suggested to reduce the initial refrigerant mass flow and adjust the initial opening of the thermal expansion valve. Moreover, it is the normal phenomenon for the slight temperature variations for the temperature curves of different test points, caused by the adjustment of thermal expansion valve. During the ice-making process, both the sensible heat removal phase and latent heat removal phase are experienced successively. To remove the sensible heat of water, the refrigerant system is operating in high efficiency with test points having a rapid linear temperature reduction. While for eliminating the latent heat of ice, it requires much more power supply, the relating test points have a temperature decrease with fluctuations. To improve the operation performance of ice machine, some suggestions and improvements are proposed.     

新型环保水基渗透探伤剂的配制及性能研究

渗透探伤是一种重要的无损探伤技术。研究渗透性液体物性参数影响渗透过程的机制对渗透剂新产品的研发具有重要指导意义。配制了一种水基探伤用渗透性液体,探究了其表面张力、黏度和所用表面活性剂的HLB值对其铺展能力、毛细爬升高度、平衡渗透面积和渗透速度的影响。结果表明,液体的表面张力主要影响其铺展能力、毛细爬升高度和平衡渗透面积。表面张力越大,铺展能力越差,毛细爬升高度越大,平衡渗透面积越大。液体的黏度主要影响其渗透速度,黏度越大,渗透速度越慢。液体所用表面活性剂的HLB值对渗透效果没有明显的影响。