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91.
本文对用硫法锂渣制取白炭黑的基本原理及工艺流程作了较为详细的阐述,对该工艺的各种影响因素进行了探讨,并制得了合格的白炭黑,为锂渣的综合利用开辟了新的途径。 相似文献
92.
W. L. Nutter T. Tkacs P. B. Bush D. G. Neary 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1984,20(6):851-858
The breakpoint rainfall hydrology and pesticide options of the field scale model CREAMS (Chemicals, Runoff, and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems) were used to predict average concentrations of hexazinone [3 cyclohexyl-6-(dimethyl-amino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione] in stormflow from four forested watersheds in the upper Piedmont region of Georgia. Predicted concentrations were compared with measured concentrations recorded over a 13-month period. CREAMS accurately predicted hexazinone concetrations in the initial stormflow events which also contained the highest concentrations. The model underestimated the hexazinone concentrations in stormflow two months and greater following pesticide application. In a companion study, the daily rainfall option of the CREAMS model was used to evaluate the reltive risk associated with the maximum expected concentration of hexazinone, bromacil (5-bromo-3 sec-butyl-6 methyuracil), picloram (4-amino-3,5,6 trichloropicolinic acid), dicamba (3,6-dichloro-0-anisic acid), and triclopyr {[(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy] acetic acid} in stormflow from small forested watersheds. The model predicted the following order of potential residue appearance in stormflow: bromacil>triclopyr>hexazinone>picloram>dicamba. Subsurface movement of residues via interflow and deep leaching losses are not simulated by the version of CREAMS used in these studies. 相似文献
93.
Holger Ecke Nourreddine Menad Anders Lagerkvist 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2002,4(2):117-126
Dry scrubber residue from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) was characterized to identify critical inorganic pollutants
and to suggest a conceptual treatment method. The key methods used were thermal analysis, including thermogravimetry (TG)
and differential thermal analysis (DTA), pHstat titration, qualitative X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), chemical equilibrium calculations, and
statistics such as error propagation, principal component analysis (PCA), and empirical modeling based on factorial designs.
Based on EU directives, the major inorganic pollutants Cd, Cr, Pb, and Zn were found. In addition, the pH was too high. With
dry scrubber residue stabilization in mind, the impact of carbonation and hydration was assessed and judged to be encouraging.
In particular, chemical equilibrium calculations showed that carbonation has considerable potential to lower the pH and the
availability of Pb, Zn, and Cr. The impact of carbonation on the mobility of Cd was found to be small. During carbonation,
a metal-trapping calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C–A–S–H) phase is also formed. Both processes together have the potential
to lead to a robust, reliable, and reasonable stabilization method for dry scrubber residue. However, to control these processes,
the decisive factors need to be identified and their effects need to be quantified. Ca, Cl, Na, and K might be abundant components
which would be mobile even after stabilization.
Received: September 11, 2001 / Accepted: December 6, 2001 相似文献
94.
采用机械球磨法对膨润土、硅藻土、高岭土3种天然黏土材料进行预处理,通过超声法将纳米TiO_2附着于其上制得复合材料,考察了不同复合材料加入量及养护时间条件下复合材料对电解锰渣中Mn的吸附固定效果。3种天然黏土材料中,硅藻土的平均粒径最小,比表面积和总孔隙度最大,对水中Mn的吸附量也最大。黏土材料附着纳米TiO_2后对电解锰渣中Mn的吸附固定效果较单纯黏土材料有明显改善。在养护时间为12 d、硅藻土附着纳米Ti O_2复合材料加入量为10%(w)的最佳条件下,Mn的TCLP浸出量较原电解锰渣下降了83.04%。 相似文献
95.
W. B. Kirchner S. Grabowski 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1972,8(6):1259-1264
This paper serves as a literature review of manganese in fresh water. The major aspects of manganese occurrence discussed are: (1) sources, (2) geochemistry, (3) manganese-iron relationships, (4) effects on the fauna and flora and (5) detection. 相似文献
96.
97.
Status of recycling end-of-life vehicles and efforts to reduce automobile shredder residues in Korea
Hyun-Tae Joung Sung-Jin Cho Yong-Chil Seo Woo-Hyun Kim 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2007,9(2):159-166
The present end-of-life vehicle (ELV) recycle rate and management status during the dismantling stage were investigated to
aid the establishment of policies for the management of ELVs by surveying information and using the results gained from questionnaires
given to dismantlers. The average recycle rate at the dismantling stage was 44% of the mass of a new vehicle and the rest
of the ELV was then compressed and transported to shredding companies to recover mainly the iron content, which averaged 38.7%
of the mass of a new vehicle. Nonferrous metals such as copper, antimony, zinc, and aluminum accounted for only 1.5%. The
automobile shredder residues (ASRs) were composed of light and heavy fluffs and soil/dust and amounted to 15.8% based on the
mass of a new vehicle. The dumping of fluff and inorganic residues in landfill sites, however, will be restricted when new
regulations are implemented to reduce the disposal amount to less than 5% of a new car, as has been done in European countries
and in Japan. The detailed characteristics of ASR were investigated to suggest appropriate means of treatment such as volume
reduction or the utilization of thermal technologies to meet future expected enforcement. Also, some concerns on hazardous
pollutant release such as that of dioxins while utilizing such thermal treatment methods were considered. The present on-going
research and development projects to meet such future management targets are also introduced. 相似文献
98.
William G. Wilber Joseph V. Hunter 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1979,15(3):790-800
ABSTRACT: A three-year study has been conducted on a 4.6 mile stretch of the Saddle River near Lodi, New Jersey. The primary objectives of this investigation were (1) to provide baseline information on the concentration and distribution of heavy metals in bottom sediments of the Saddle River; (2) to qualitatively evaluate which parameters affect this distribution; and (3) to determine the effect of urbanization on the concentration and distribution of these materials. Significant enrichments of several heavy metals were observed in bottom sediments of the lower Saddle River near Lodi, New Jersey, as compared to the upper Saddle River. Attempts to correlate metal concentrations in bottom sediments with chemical-oxygen demand were not successful in demonstrating a relationship between these two factors. Metal concentrations were found to be strongly dependent upon particle size. In general, metal concentrations in bottom sediments increased with decreasing partical diameter. However, metals enrichment was observed to be considerably greater in the larger sediment fractions studied (>420μ) than the smaller sediment fractions as one proceeded downstream through the urban area. Since the larger sediment fractions are least effected by scour and transport they may best reflect the effect of urbanization on the distribution of heavy metals over an extended period of time at a given location. 相似文献
99.
Glen W. Hess Byung R. Kim Philip J.W. Roberts 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1989,25(2):359-365
ABSTRACT: The presence of manganese in natural waters (>0.05 mg/L) degrades water-supply quality. A model was devised to predict the variation of manganese concentrations in river water released from an impoundment with the distance downstream. The model is one-dimensional and was calibrated using dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, pH, manganese, and hydraulic data collected in the Duck River, Tennessee. The results indicated that the model can predict manganese levels under various conditions. The model was then applied to the Chattahoochee River, Georgia. Discrepancies between observed and predicted may be due to inadequate pH data, precipitation of sediment particles, unsteady flow conditions in the Chattahoochee River, inaccurate rate expressions for the low pH conditions, or their combinations. 相似文献
100.
本文通过对国内外近几年有关电解铝含氟化氢工业尾气净化处理大量的参考文献的分析研究及国内外电解铝生产企业在尾气治理方面的技术应用和尾气净化装置运行状况的调研,结合自己的专业特长和工程经验,建立一套有关电解铝含氟化氢尾气在处理、净化氟化氢方面的技术方案,设计制作一套湿法氟化氢吸收中试装置,从工艺方案优化设计、安全运行、设备设计及选材、自动控制、建立相关的副产物检测方法和后续产物的综合利用等方面进行了研究和探讨。 相似文献