中学生交通安全知识、态度、行为调查分析

为改善中学生交通安全现状,提高中学生交通安全教育水平,进行中学生交通安全知识、态度、行为(简称知信行,KAP)调查研究。对临沂市、滨州市中学生进行问卷调查,了解受调查中学生交通事故历史及交通安全教育接受情况。分析各年级中学生交通安全知信行差异,分析知信行的相关性以及教育对知信行的影响。研究发现:不同地区、年级的中学生在交通安全知信行上存在显著差异;中学生自行车交通出行是交通安全的共同问题;中学生交通行为与交通安全知识相关性强,行为与安全态度相关性弱,为改善中学生交通行为应加强交通安全知识教育;学生交通安全知信行与当前交通安全教育相关性低,教育形式和特点仍较为传统,教育对知信行改善作用有限。因此,在进行交通安全教育时,应考虑中学生中存在的差异,通过初步调查确定重点人群和显著问题进行针对性教育;内容应以安全知识为主,应强调自行车安全知识,形式和特点应适应当代中学生需要。     

三种用水管理制度下的高校学生用水调查与分析

通过在全国范围内26所高校(包括41个校区)用水管理制度和在校学生用水情况的问卷调查,针对目前高校现行的3种用水管理制度,利用Pearson相关系数及相关性检验的方法比较分析了学生个人或寝室的用水量及用水效率的差异,并探讨了不同用水管理制度对于培养学生树立良好的节水意识和用水习惯的效果。计算结果表明,无需缴纳水费的用水管理制度所产生的人均耗水量最大;而给予一定补贴,超额后需缴费的用水管理制度最能为广大学生所接受,且节水效果相对最好。在此基础上,还提出了改善用水管理制度和促进学生提高节水意识、实现高效节约用水的建议。     

The influencing factors of the WTP for the risk reduction of chemical industry accidents in China

To explore the factors that influence respondents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for the risk reduction of chemical industry accidents, a questionnaire survey combined with contingent valuation and psychometric paradigm methods were conducted in the city of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China. Both traditional socioeconomic variables and perceived characteristics of the hazards were considered in this study, and a Tobit model was used to find the factors influencing WTP under three risk reduction scenarios. The results showed that three demographic characteristics, age, gender, and income, significantly affected the WTP for chemical risk reduction. In addition, three extracted public risk perception factors, effect, knowledge, and trust, also strongly affected the WTP. The mean WTP value increased as the magnitude of the risk reduction increased. The number of factors influencing the WTP decreased as the reduction level improved, and only the effect factor had a significant influence on the WTP for a higher level (80%) of risk reduction. The cost for chemical safety management of Yancheng was calculated, and the optimized risk reduction level was determined. These findings can assist governments and policy makers to formulate suitable strategies for risk control, to reach target groups of people to develop effective communication, and to provide specific references for the best investment for the security of local residents.     

校车安全标准化——中国教育当务之急

安全的校车不仅仅运载着孩子,而且承栽着祖国的未来。本文通过国内外校车安全标准化现状的比较,提出我国校车安全标准化生产及安全运营的思考。     

伦理视域下的高校贫困生思想政治教育中人本关怀

高校贫困生思想政治教育人本关怀是贫困生健康成才的基础,是培养贫困生励志精神和感恩意识的客观需要.实现伦理视域下高校贫困生思想政治教育中的人本关怀,必须从认识上理解其伦理意义、内容上突出重点、策略上体现实质.     

在校大学生肩宽及疏散速度的测量研究

为了确定疏散软件中符合中国人的疏散基本参数,采用现场测量的方法对在校男大学生的肩宽及各种情况下的疏散速度进行统计,并对测量结果进行分析。结果表明,在校男大学生平均肩宽为46．5 cm,正常状态下水平行走速度为1．37m／s,上楼速度为0．66m／s,下楼速度为1．36m／s,上坡速度为1．34m／s,下坡速度为1．59 m／s;在无障碍的情况下,紧急状态的疏散速度要比正常状态下的速度快得多,测量得到肩宽和疏散速度的数据,为疏散软件的改进及进一步研究人员疏散问题提供科学依据。     

Determination of urinary lead in school children in Manzini, Swaziland, Southern Africa

Two hundred and fifty-seven urine samples collected from school children living in the Manzini region, Swaziland, were analysed for lead (Pb), using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. The mean urine lead concentration for the urban schools ranged from 0.038–0.040 gml^–1, while that for the rural schools ranged from 0.017–0.022 gml^–1. The observed range shown by the urban schools was above the normal (for healthy humans) urine lead concentration of 0.035 gml^–1. However, the mean urine lead concentration for the rural schools was found to be lower than this value. The mean urine lead concentration for the urban schools was significantly higher than that of the rural schools. The differences in the mean urine lead concentrations for boys and girls from both urban and rural schools were found not to be significant, despite the higher values shown by the girls. The difference in lead concentrations between urban and rural schools in Manzini was thought to be due to the traffic density within the urban area.     

高职院校英语教学中的差生分析与转变

就高职院校英语科差生所存在的问题和原因进行了剖析,既有个人内在因素又有教学中的外在因素,对于如何深挖学生潜力,作好学生思想工作,培养学生学习英语兴趣提出了一些具体的解决办法.     

论中师环境教育的重要意义

本文从中师的根本任务,教育观念的转变,初步分析了环境教育与中师“两个适应,一个服务”的内在联系;探讨中师进行环境教育的重要意义     

Do the designated drivers of college students stay sober?

PROBLEM: By numerous accounts, alcohol abuse is considered the number one drug problem facing young people today. Alcohol consumption and its negative consequences, especially those due to drinking and driving, continue to have devastating effects on the college student population. METHOD: This field study examined the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels of male and female designated drivers (DD), non-DD, and their respective passengers as they were leaving drinking establishments in a university town. Also investigated were the effects of group size and gender on DD use. RESULTS: A 2 Gender x 2 Driver type (DD vs. non-DD) analysis of variance (ANOVA) for BAC indicated significant main effects for Gender and Driver type, with higher BAC for men and non-DD (p's<.001). A significant Gender x Driver type interaction (p<.05) was primarily due to female DD having lower BAC than male DD. In addition, larger groups were more likely to have a DD. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: Results indicate that the success of DD programs may be influenced by group size and a DD's gender. While larger groups are more likely to have a DD, students riding home with a male DD may still be at risk for the negative consequences of drunk driving.