Trust in Citizen Science Research: A Case Study of the Groundwater Education Through Water Evaluation & Testing Program1

Thornton, Teresa and Jessica Leahy, 2012. Trust in Citizen Science Research: A Case Study of the Groundwater Education Through Water Evaluation & Testing Program. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(5): 1032‐1040. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2012.00670.x Abstract: Data collected by citizen scientists, including K‐12 students, have been validated by the scientific community through quality assurance/quality control tests and publication of results in peer‐reviewed journal articles. However, if citizen science data are to be used by local communities, research is needed to determine which factors contribute to local community member trust in citizen science data, and how to increase the benefits and use of citizen science programs. This article describes the Groundwater Education Through Water Evaluation & Testing (GET WET!) program that employs middle and high school students, state and local government employees, environmental nongovernmental organization leaders, business representatives, college faculty and students, and other volunteers as citizen scientists to create a database of groundwater quality for use as a baseline for local water resources management. Data were gathered through semi‐structured interviews pre‐ and post‐involvement from 40 participants in this citizen science program conducted in five states in the northeastern United States. Results indicate that factors of trust are largely based on interpersonal trust and familiarity. We conclude with recommendations and future research that may improve local community member willingness to trust citizen science data generated by students.     

基于二叉决策树的高职毕业生创业状况调查研究

基于二叉决策树分类技术对河北省大中专毕业生创业状况调查数据进行理性分析,结果发现：创业目的、环境和时机,政府扶持大学生创业的优惠政策,对于高职毕业生创业倾向起到了重要的作用。针对高职毕业生创业的现状,提出全面提高个人素质、正确引导创业教育、加大政府创业扶持力度等对策建议。     

中国农业和农村污染的清单分析与空间特征识别

利用清单分析方法计算了中国337个地级市(不包括香港、澳门和台湾)的农业和农村污染CODCr,总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)的产生量、排放量和排放强度,分析了其空间分布特征.结果表明,2003年中国农业和农村污染CODCr,TN和TP的产生量分别为66317,5312,1294万t,排放量分别为404.2,547.7,66.1万t,排放强度分别为10.0,13.6,1.6kg/hm².农业生产发展是造成区域环境压力的主要原因,畜禽养殖污染和化肥应成为农业和农村污染控制的重点;农村生活污染对COD_Cr,TN和TP的贡献较小,且其污染会随着城市化和农村基础设施的改善减少.长江三角洲地区和东南沿海地区是中国农业和农村污染的主要高强区,应通过提高资源利用效率对该地区进行重点控制.     

因地制宜开展农村中小学环境教育

本文介绍了我国农村中小学环境教育的现状,在此基础上提出在农村中小学开展环境教育的对策及建议.     

湘潭某新建小学安全现状及管理措施研究

为减少湘潭某新建小学校园安全事件的发生,本文采用安全检查表对该校进行安全隐患排查,通过排查发现该校存在一定的安全隐患问题,主要集中在“物的不安全状态”和“不良环境”2个方面,针对隐患依据4M理论从“人—机—环—管”4个方面提出合理可行的安全管理措施及隐患消除方法。经分析,该校校园环境中存在的安全隐患可通过采取科学有效的方法进行治理。希望本研究可以为小学校园安全管理提供一定的思路。     

绿色学校垃圾分类回收体系的建设及运行

创建绿色学校是学校参与循环经济建设的具体表现,中国目前建成的绿色学校基本进行了垃圾分类回收,但其垃圾分类缺乏针对性和科学性。在分析了校园垃圾分类回收的必要性,并分别对垃圾的产生量和主要成分进行了研究;在分析对比三种垃圾源头分类方式后得出,学校适合采用”源头细分类”的方式;建立起了垃圾收集负荷的计算模型,并研究了教学区、宿舍区、食堂的垃圾回收模式;最后对校园垃圾分类回收体系的运行提出了建议。     

论大学生思想政治工作进网络之紧迫性

在对大学生利用网络的情况进行调查的基础上，总结出学生使用网络的现实基本状况，并分析学生上网存在的问题，指出学院的思想政治工作进网络的紧迫性。     

无色硫细菌氧化SRB还原硫酸盐产物硫化氢生成单质硫

以人工合成含硫化物废水作为进水 ,采用以陶粒为填料、小试规模的逆流式和顺流式好氧CSB(无色硫细菌 )生物膜反应器 ,在常温 ( 1 7℃～2 2℃ )、HRT为 2 6min、进水pH为 7.0和对反应器中pH不进行控制的条件下 ,研究了利用CSB将水中硫化物转化成单质硫的可行性及条件。实验表明 :为达到硫的最大回收率 ,在硫化物低负荷(NS <6 .1kg/ (m3 ·d) )时建议采用顺流式 ,高负荷 (NS>6 .1kg/ (m3 ·d) )时采用逆流式 ;反应器内的最佳DO值与进水硫化物容积负荷呈线性关系 ,出水pH值和出水pH值的升高值与硫的回收率呈线性关系。此外还研究了反冲洗对生物脱硫效果的影响及尾气中H2 S的生物去除     

Skin reactions to latex in dental professionals – first Croatian data

Purpose. To determine the prevalence of undesirable skin reactions to latex in dental professionals and students of the School of Dental Medicine in Zagreb, Croatia. Methods. Our research included 444 participants, of which 200 agreed to undergo a skin prick test (SPT). All participants answered a questionnaire in which we asked about incidence of skin lesions, duration of occupational exposure to latex, localization of skin lesions and symptoms. Statistical analysis of the questionnaire and test results was then carried out. Results. Of the total 444 participants surveyed, 249 (56.1%) reported lesions on their skin (professionals 64.8%, students 6.1–58.5%). From the questionnaire, 239 (96.0%) respondents reported lesions on the hands and fingers, mostly in the form of erythema (37.0%) and occasional dryness of skin (29.0%). Positive SPT results were found in 14 (7.0%) out of the 200 respondents who underwent the test. Conclusions. While a large number of subjects (56.1%) reported skin lesions when using latex products at their workplace, the SPT test was positive only in 7.0%. The results show that the prevalence of self-reported skin lesions was significantly related to the length of occupational exposure, with a substantial effect size (p?<?0.001; V?=?0.334).