Technological Progress, Structural Change and China＇s Energy Efficiency

China has witnessed rapid economic development since 1978, and during the time, energy production and consumption developed at a tremendous speed as well. Energy efficiency which can be measured by energy consumption per unit of GDP, however, experienced continuous decrease. Theoretically, the change of energy efficiency can be attributed to industry structural change and technological change. In order to explain the transformation of Chinese energy efficiency, we adopt logarithmic mean Divisia index techniques to decompose changes in energy intensity in the period of 1994-2005. We find that technological change is the dominant contributor in the decline of energy intensity, but the contribution has declined since 2001. The change in industry structure has decreased the energy intensity before 1998, but raised the intensity after 1998. Decomposed technological effects for all sectors indicate that technological progresses in high energy consuming industries such as raw chemical materials and chemical products, smelting and pressing of ferrous metals, manufacture of non-metallic mineral products and household contribute are the principal drivers of China＇s declining energy intensity.     

论我国国际河流可持续开发利用的问题与法律对策

中国是世界上国际河流最多的国家之一,在国际河流的开发利用方面采取了一定的措施并取得了一定的成绩,但是在国际河流的可持续开发利用中仍存在不少问题,需要完善相关的国际与国内法律制度并采取其他有效的措施予以解决。从中国国际河流的概况出发,阐述对其进行可持续的开发利用在促进中国经济发展、加强民族团结以及保障国防安全等方面的重大意义,进而分析中国国际河流在可持续开发利用中存在的问题,包括立法缺失、保障措施缺位、管理机构缺乏等,最后从完善可持续开发利用的前提要素、确立可持续开发利用的基本原则、完善可持续开发利用的立法以及积极参与可持续开发利用的国际合作等方面提出解决上述问题的对策思考,以促进和保障我国国际河流可持续开发利用的实现.     

XZKP型高效空塔喷淋烟气脱硫装置技术特点

介绍了XZKP型高效空塔喷淋烟气脱硫装置的技术原理、技术特点、中试及工业化试验的情况。该技术通过改进工艺和结构,在提高脱硫效率和脱硫剂循环利用率两项技术上成效显著,用户可在不增加装置投资的前提下,获得更高的效率和更低的运行成本。     

河北省海岸带土壤盐渍化研究

在当今土地资源日益短缺的年代,作为一种土地资源,盐渍化土地越来越重要,越来越受到社会的普遍关注。本文通过分层采集土样,对整个河北省海岸带的土壤盐渍化进行了研究,在借鉴国内外先进经验的基础上,提出了土壤盐渍化防治和综合利用应视各国、各地具体情况而定,并指出盐渍土未来的研究趋势应以利用新技术、探寻新的改良方法及与农业生态和环境保护研究密切线合这三个方面为主。     

提高高校档案利用的新途径

针对目前高校档案利用率不高的实际情况,为有效地提高档案利用率,充分发挥高校档案在高校发展建设、科学管理、提升教育教学水平中的作用,笔者通过多年的探索实践,提出了加大宣传力度、搞好基础建设、提高人员素质、拓展服务方式、创新服务内容等高校档案利用的新途径,与从事高校档案工作的广大同仁商榷。     

A statistical analysis of the carbon dioxide capture process

Post combustion carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture is one of the most commonly adopted technologies for reducing industrial CO₂ emissions, which is now an important goal given the widespread concern over global warming. Research on amine-based CO₂ capture has mainly focused on improving effectiveness and efficiency of the CO₂ capture process. Our research work focuses on studying the relationships among the significant parameters influencing CO₂ production because an enhanced understanding of the intricate relationships among the parameters involved in the process is critical for improving efficiency of the CO₂ capture process. This paper presents a statistical study that explores the relationships among parameters involved in the amine-based post combustion CO₂ capture process at the International Centre for CO₂ Capture (ITC) located in Regina, Saskatchewan of Canada. A multiple regression technique has been applied for analysis of data collected at the CO₂ capture pilot plant at ITC. The parameters have been carefully selected to avoid issues of multicollinearity, and four mathematical models among the key parameters identified have been developed. The models have been tested, and accuracy of the models is found to be satisfactory. The models developed in this study describe part of the CO₂ capture process and can help to predict performance of the CO₂ capture process at ITC under different conditions. Some results from a preliminary validation process will also be presented.     

废聚碳酸酯水解法制双酚A

以1,4-二氧六环为溶剂、NaOH为催化剂,采用废聚碳酸酯(PC)常压水解法制双酚A(BPA).对反应影响因素进行了研究.实验结果表明,在反应温度为100℃、反应时间为8h、m(NaOH):m(水+溶剂)=1:33、m(溶剂):m(PC)=4:1、m(水):m(PC)=1:1的最佳反应条件下,PC水解率大于98%,BPA收率大于95%.     

利用含铬废水和含铅废水制备铬黄

利用净化后的含铬废水和含铅废水制备铬黄.采用沉淀法对废水进行净化预处理,最佳工艺条件:100mL含铬废水中加入20 g Na_2CO_3,及10 mL H_2O_2,用NaOH调节含铬废水pH为10.00;用NaOH调节含铅废水pH为2.65.将净化后的10 mL含铬废水和25 mL含铅废水混合,在55-60℃条件下反应10 min,合成的铬黄达到GB/T 3184-2008<铬酸铅颜料和钼铬酸铅颜料>的质量标准.经重金属吸附剂处理Pb~(2+)后铬黄合成滤液中的Cr~(6+)和Pb~(2+)质量浓度均达到GB8978-1996<污水综合排放标准>的指标.     

影响脱硫系统运行经济性的因素及改进措施

分析了原烟气成分、脱硫剂石灰石等对脱硫系统运行经济性的影响,探讨循环泵组合投运和工艺参数控制对运行经济性的影响规律,提出改进湿法脱硫系统运行经济性的措施,为脱硫装置的节能、经济运行提供参考。     

基于微观仿真的同站台换乘站客流疏散研究

旨在对同站台换乘站的客流行为和规律,以及对车站乘客疏散时的情况进行分析和研究。通过建立同站台换乘站的微观疏散仿真模型,利用微观仿真软件VISSIM对某即将建成使用的同站台换乘站的仿真模拟,直观地对客流的疏散过程和疏散人群分布状况进行动态观察,通过改变模型的参数设置,考察不同情况下换乘站的换乘效率,得出提高换乘效率的措施和建议,并最终为换乘站的设施设计和运营管理提供辅助设计与决策支持。