基于硫桥杯[4]芳烃识别金属离子的荧光传感器的研究进展

综述了近些年以硫桥杯[4]芳烃为分子平台的新型荧光传感器的研究进展。详细介绍了不同基团修饰的硫桥杯芳烃衍生物通过非共价键作用力对Hg^2＋,Ag^＋,Fe^3＋,Cu^2＋等金属离子的选择性识别,并设计成不同类别的荧光传感器,以荧光光谱法为手段,进行分析研究。以杯芳烃为主体的荧光传感器具有简便快速、高选择性的特点,广泛应用于化学、生物、环境等领域。     

现代中式室内空问的意境美营造

欲营造现代中式室内空间的意境美，不是靠纯粹的中国古典元素的堆砌，而是通过对传统文化的认知，用现代人的审美需求来打造富有传统韵味的空间。意境的创造有“形”和“情”两大因素和一个审美想象空间构成，而“形”则起到至关重要的作用。通过对“形”的把握，在现代中式室内空间中营造意境美。     

煤矿井下自燃火灾的图像识别及综合判据系统

煤矿自燃火灾的早期探测及预报是保证煤炭生产安全的有效手段。目前已有的各种预测预报技术,虽对煤炭自燃火灾的防治起到一定的作用,但对于不同煤质和不同地质赋存情况下的煤矿,单一探测方法的预测精度有限,在探测的准确性和有效性方面尚不能完全满足各种类型煤矿安全生产的需要。为了提高煤炭自燃灾害早期探测的可靠性,笔者提出一种以图像识别技术为基础的煤炭自燃发火探测方法,并进一步利用信息融合技术结合其他探测方法建立一套煤矿自燃发火综合判据系统,该系统有助于提高煤炭自燃预测的准确性,对煤矿的安全生产能发挥重要作用。     

属性识别理论模型在环境质量评价中的应用

属性识别理论模型是近年来提出的数字模型，它已在环境质量评价中有所应用。现将该模型引用城市总体环境质量评价中，提出了运用二级评判来综合评价城市总体环境质量，经实体分析表明此方法比其他方法方便合理，为城市总体环境质量综合评价提供了一种新方法。     

基于模糊识别的建筑物火灾危险性评价方法

笔者以传统的经典统计和模糊统计为基础 ,依据建筑物火灾危险性的影响因素 ,应用模糊识别理论及系统安全方法 ,建立了建筑物火灾危险性的评价指标体系 ;并应用集值统计方法对各项指标权重进行了处理。该方法改变了过去统计给出一个固定值的做法 ,而给出一个区间值 ,解决了对专家给出的指标“大约是多少”这一概念的定量化。为了验证了评价模型的准确性 ,将该理论应用到某购物商场火灾危险性评价中 ,取得了满意效果 ,为建筑物防火设计以及安全管理提供了可行的依据。     

现代家庭装修的现状与思考

通过对七十年代到至今家庭装修状况的全面总结以及设计状况的冷静思考,提出现代家庭环境装修的特点,弊端以及未来的发展趋势.寻求一条既立足于中国传统,又有时代创新,适合中国国情的时尚家居空间环境艺术设计之路。     

属性识别理论模型二级评判法在城市总体环境质量评价中的运用

属性识别理论模型是近年来提出的一种数学模型，它已成功地用于质量评价中。现将该模型引用到城市总体环境质量评价中，提出运用二级评判来综合评价城市总体环境质量。经实例分析表明，属性识别理论模型用于城市总体环境质量评价比模糊综合二级评判法更合理实用，为城市总体环境质量综合评价提供了一种新方法。     

大气质量综合评价的变权识别模型及其应用

根据属性识别理论 ,建立大气质量综合评价的变权识别模型 ,利用污染贡献率确定权重系数。与其它评价模型相比 ,变权识别模型还具有排序功能 ,实例分析表明该模型是有效的     

Assessment and individual recognition of opponents in the pygmy swordtails Xiphophorus nigrensis and X. multilineatus

We examined factors that determine the outcome of agonistic encounters between male pygmy swordtail fish. Xiphophorus nigrensis and X. multilineatus males formed dominance relationships based on body size in staged laboratory encounters. There was a significant negative correlation between size asymmetry and fight intensity, suggesting that males assessed size in the encounters. However, a significant proportion of the variation in fight intensity in contests that escalated to bites could not be explained by size asymmetry. Aggressive motivation may also influence the outcome of contests and could be assessed in agonistic encounters. Theory suggests that signals of aggressive intention will be evolutionarily stable if individuals can recognize opponents and encounter one another repeatedly. In addition, individual recognition is one way that dominance hierarchies can be maintained. Here we demonstrate that males from both species can recognize individuals. In addition, at least some X. nigrensis males were site-faithful in the field, suggesting males encounter the same opponents repeatedly.Communicated by G.M. Klump     

A test of the "dear enemy effect" in the strawberry dart-poison frog (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Dendrobates pumilio</Emphasis>)

Some territorial animals exhibit a form of social recognition, commonly termed the "dear enemy effect", in which territory residents display lower levels of aggression toward familiar neighbors compared to unfamiliar individuals who are non-territorial "floaters". Despite the widespread occurrence of territorial social systems and use of acoustic signals for communication in anuran amphibians, only two previous studies have demonstrated vocally mediated dear enemy behavior in a territorial frog. In this study, I conducted neighbor-stranger discrimination playback experiments in a third species of territorial frog, the strawberry dart-poison frog, Dendrobates pumilio (Anura, Dendrobatidae). In the first experiment (n=24), I broadcast the calls of a subject's nearest neighbor and the calls of an unfamiliar individual from the approximate midpoint between the subject's and the neighbor's territories. Although males responded to the stimuli, they did not exhibit differential responses to the calls of neighbors and strangers. In a second experiment (n=22), I broadcast the calls of a neighbor and a stranger to subjects through a speaker located in the approximate center of the neighbor's territory. Males also responded to the playback, although less intensely than in the first experiment, but no discrimination between the calls of neighbors and strangers was found. Thus, territorial males of the strawberry dart-poison frog appear not to discriminate behaviorally between the advertisement calls of neighbors and strangers. Several proximate and ultimate-level hypotheses for this lack of vocally mediated neighbor-stranger discrimination are discussed.Communicated by T. Czeschlik