电子束烟气脱硫技术工业示范工程进展

处理成都电厂２００ＭＷ机组锅炉的３０万Ｎｍ３／ｈ烟气。它是目前世界上已投入运行的处理烟气量最大的电子束脱硫装置。其脱硫率及脱硝率均超过８０％及１０％的设计值,各项运行消耗指标均低于设计值。处理过程为干法,无废水废渣,副产品硫（硝）铵可用作化肥。该装置的自动化程度较高,操作简便,对烟气ＳＯ２浓度及烟气量的变化有较好的适应性和负荷跟踪性。烟气中残氨浓度及周围的辐射剂量低于国家标准的规定。     

聚硅硫酸铁提高焦化废水处理效果的研究

确定了絮凝-氧化工艺对焦化二沉池水进行强化处理,选择了聚硅硫酸铁(PFSS)作为絮凝剂,次氯酸盐作为氧化剂,并考察了pH值、n(Fe)/n(Si)、药剂投加量等因素对处理效果的影响,得出最佳处理条件为:絮凝时废水pH=6.0～7.5,絮凝剂PFSS投加量为400mg/L(以Fe3 计),其中n(Fe)/n(Si)=2;氧化时废水pH=6.5～7.5,氧化剂M-180B投加量为0.4 g/L.处理后焦化废水的COD由1 837.6 mg/L降至125.3 mg/L,出水pH值在7.3左右,能够达标排放.     

反渗透阻垢剂YSW-21对硫酸钙的阻垢性能

以丙烯酸为主要单体合成了反渗透阻垢剂YSW-21。通过静态实验法研究了YSW-21对CaSO4的阻垢性能及影响因素。在Ca^2＋质量浓度为7067mg／L、SO4^2-质量浓度为7000mg/L、YSW-21加入量为8mG／L时．YSW-21对CaSO4的阻垢率达91％;在25℃、YSW-21加入量仅为4mg/L时的作用效果长达102h以上;在7500mg/L的高Ca^2＋质量浓度下,YSW-21的阻垢性能优于常用进口阻垢剂大湖135。     

硫酸亚铁的综合利用

以工业废弃物硫酸亚铁为原料,加入碳酸氢铵和氯化钾,通过一系列化学反应和过滤、蒸发、煅烧等步骤,可制得硫酸钾、氯化铵、氧化铁红和液态二氧化碳.原料中各主要成分的利用率均达94%以上.     

用化肥废催化剂制备硫酸铝钾

研究了以含铝、钴的化肥废催化剂为原料制备硫酸铝钾(明矾)的方法。确定了最佳工艺条件:化肥废催化剂粒度为300目、硫酸浓度为9 mol／L、浸取时间为30 min、用K2CO3调滤液pH至1-2。在该条件下制备的KAl(SO4)2·12H2O产品纯度为98.2％,达到日本工业标准(JIS K1473-1970)工业级纯度。     

新型阳离子絮凝剂KD-1在活性印染废水处理中的应用研究

以双氰胺、甲醛为主要原料,以硫酸铝为催化剂并引入添加剂合成了新型阳离子絮凝剂双氰胺甲醛树脂(KD1)。报道了用KD1对以活性染料为主要成分的印染废水进行混凝脱色试验。结果表明,用KD1处理以活性染料为主要成分的印染废水,其CODCr去除率≥80%,脱色率≥98%。该絮凝剂对降低废水中的化学需氧量和色度方面具有显著的效果。     

旋流板塔镁强化石灰脱硫过程研究

以旋流板塔为吸收器进行镁强化石灰脱硫的实验研究,测定了脱硫率、浆液pH值等随时间的变化情况,考察了硫酸镁浓度的影响,并利用实验数据计算了石灰利用率.与单用石灰脱硫对比,添加硫酸镁可明显提高脱硫率;对具有2块板的旋流板塔,硫酸镁浓度为0.2mol/L时,脱硫率从45%提高到60%以上.为保证较高的脱硫率,pH值宜控制在6.0～7.5.由于硫酸镁能促进石灰的溶解,减缓pH值的下降,因此又可提高石灰利用率;适宜条件下,0.2mol/L硫酸镁强化时可提高石灰利用率5%(所加石灰为基准)以上.     

Effect of competing solutes on arsenic(V) adsorption using iron and aluminum oxides

The study focused on the effect of several typical competing solutes on removal of arsenic with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. The test results indicate that chloride, nitrate and sulfate did not have detectable effects, and that selenium(IV) (Se(IV)) and vanadium(V) (V(V)) show slight effects on the adsorption of As(V) with Fe2O3. The results also showed that adsorption of As(V) on Al2O3 was not affected by chloride and nitrate anions, but slightly by Se(IV) and V(V) ions. Unlike the adsorption of As(V) with Fe2O3, that with Fe2O3 was affected by the presence of sulfate in water solutions. Both phosphate and silica have significant adverse effects on the adsorption of As(V) adsorption with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. Compared to the other tested anions, phosphate anion was found to be the most prominent solute affecting the As(V) adsorption with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. In general, Fe2O3 has a better performance than Al2O3 in removal of As(V) within a water environment where multi competing solutes are present.     

Insecticide Contamination of Jamaican Environment. IV. Transport of the Residues Coffee Plantations in the Blue Mountains to Coastal Waters in Eastern Jamaica

A survey of 120 coffee farmers in the Portland watershed revealed that they lacked training in pesticide application, and had no concept of the transport of residues in the environment and their impact on non-target organisms.Residues of organochlorine (OC) and organophosphorous compounds (OP) were monitored monthly for over a year in plantation soil, and water, sediment and fauna of three rivers and coastal waters of Portland watershed by gas chromatography. OP residues were not detected in any sample while OC residues were below detection levels in Rio Grande. The mean concentration ± standard error of residues detected in water (g L^_1), sediment (ng g^_1) and fauna (ng g^_1 in wet weight) were: -endosulfan 2.7 ± 1.29, 3.8 ± 0.15 and 15.9 ± 1.61, respectively, in Spanish River, 1.56 ± 0.43, 24.3 ± 16.44 and 9.0 ± 1.86, respectively, in Swift River; 0.40 ± 0.02, 1.77 ± 0.68 ± 12.63, respectively, in sea coast; -endosulfan, 1.2 ± 0.48, 0 and 8.1 ± 1.99, respectively, in Spanish River, 1.9 ± 0.49, 0.75 ± 0.32 and 11. ± 4.32, respectively, in Swift River; 0, 5.1 ± 0.30 and 30.9 ± 15.96, respectively, in sea coast; endosulfan sulphate, 0.12 ± 0.12, 4.8 ± 1.62 and 10.0 ± 2.02, respectively, in Spanish River, 3.6 ± 0.95, 3.1 ± 0.56 and 7.9 ± 1.29, respectively, in Swift River and 0, 3.9 ± 2.17 and 24.0 ± 14.67, respectively, in sea coast.Dieldrin residues were detected only once in water (0.2 ± 0.03) and sediment (0.02 ± 0.003) of Spanish River, water (0.76 ± 0.09) of Swift River and sediment (0.1 ± 0.005) of sea coast; pp DDE was found twice in water (3.1 ± 1.53) and sediment (0.1 ± 0.007) of Swift River and water (0.8 ± 0.22) and sediment (6.14 ± 0.41) of sea coast. Arochlor was detected only twice (0.011 and 0.153) in water of Spanish River.     

挺水植物生物炭对硫丹的吸附及催化水解作用

以美人蕉、菖蒲、芦苇、茭白、再力花、芦竹等挺水植物为原料,在限氧升温（550℃）条件下制备6种不同性质的生物炭,研究其组成及结构对硫丹吸附和催化水解作用.结果表明：550℃下热解,湿地植物生物炭所含灰分高于一般农产品废弃物,介于10.88%~31.11%间.生物炭表面芳香类官能团较多,孔隙部分呈碎片化,以介孔为主.6种生物炭对硫丹都具良好吸附性能.吸附行为主要发生在含致密有机质的生物炭表面,包括疏水、扩散及分配作用等.中/碱性条件下,美人蕉生物炭、菖蒲生物炭及再力花生物炭能有效去除水溶液中的硫丹,去除率为96.77%~98.57%.中性条件下,因生物炭对硫丹的催化,对硫丹的去除率提高约16.57%~72.57%.