聚磷硫酸铁的制备及在稠油污水处理中的应用

无机高分子聚合硫酸铁（PFS）,用于处理稠油污水,沉降性能较差,脱色效果不好。在实验室制备了含磷酸根的聚合硫酸铁（PPFS）,通过处理稠油污水,对影响产品絮凝效果的主要因素进行了研究。实验证明：PPFS代替PFS处理稠油污水,可得到良好的絮凝效果。     

絮凝-树脂吸附法处理高色度邻硝基苯胺废水

采用絮凝－树脂吸附法处理高色度邻硝基苯胺废水,比较了不同絮凝剂的处理效果。试验结果表明,用硫酸铝作絮凝剂,以生石灰作助凝剂,加入少量高分子絮凝剂进行絮凝沉降处理,然后用ＣＨＡ－１０１树脂进行吸附处理,处理后废水色度由≥１６０００倍降至４０倍以下,ＣＯＤ由≥５０００ｍｇ／Ｌ降至≤８０ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＰＨ６～７。     

往复隔板絮凝池流场数值模拟及混凝效果分析

对往复隔板絮凝池内的流场进行了数值模拟 ,并根据絮凝池的工作特征分析了水流状态对混凝效果的影响。结果表明絮凝池转弯处过水断面面积A_1 与廊道过水断面面积A_2 的比值A =A_1 / A_2 ,这一影响流场紊流动能的设计参数的最佳范围是 1 2～ 1 5。按此设计参数设计的往复隔板絮凝池模型的混凝反应效率是比较理想的。     

Denitrification and phosphorus uptake by DPAOs using nitrite as an electron acceptor by step-feed strategies

Denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (DPAOs) using nitrite as an electron acceptor can reduce more energy. However, nitrite has been reported to have an inhibition on denitrifying phosphorus removal. In this study, the step-feed strategy was proposed to achieve low nitrite concentration, which can avoid or relieve nitrite inhibition. The results showed that denitrification rate, phosphorus uptake rate and the ratio of the phosphorus uptaken to nitrite denitrified (anoxic P/N ratio) increased when the nitrite concentration was 15 mg·L^-1 after step-feeding nitrite. The maximum denitrification rate and phosphorus uptake rate was 12.73 mg NO2-–N·g MLSS-1?h-1 and 18.75 mg PO43-–P·g MLSS-1?h-1, respectively. These rates were higher than that using nitrate (15 mg·L^-1) as an electron acceptor. The maximum anoxic P/N ratio was 1.55 mg PO43--P?mg NO2--N-1. When the nitrite concentration increased from 15 to 20 mg NO2--N?L-1 after addition of nitrite, the anoxic phosphorus uptake was inhibited by 64.85%, and the denitrification by DPAOs was inhibited by 61.25%. Denitrification rate by DPAOs decreased gradually when nitrite (about 20 mg·L^-1) was added in the step-feed SBR. These results indicated that the step-feed strategy can be used to achieve denitrifying phosphorus removal using nitrite as an electron acceptor, and nitrite concentration should be maintained at low level (<15 mg·L^-1 in this study).     

Imazaquin degradation and metabolism in a sandy loam soil amended with farm litters

Irnazaquin applied in legume crops has a long residual time in soil, which often impacts safety of the susceptible crops. To increase safety of imazaquin application, two composted litters, bovine manure （BM） and chicken manure （CM）, were used to determine their effects on imazaquin environmental behavior by incorporating each kind of manure into the tested sandy loam soil at 10% （w/w）. The degradation of imazaquin in BM- and CM-amended soil was about 2.4 and 1.5 times, respectively, faster than that in unamended soil. The half-lives of imazaquin in BM-amended soil varied between 6.7 and 15.4 d over the temperature range of 20 to 40℃, and the degradation rate constant （k） increased by a factor of about 1.5 for every 10℃ change. Higher mix ratio did not significantly increase the degradation, and the optimal active degradation of imazaquin was observed approximately at the mix ratio of 10：1 of soil to BM. The different moisture levels had negligible effect on imazaquin degradation. In both unamended and BM-amended treatments, two metabolites were observed at 5, 10 and 30 d after treatment. One metabolite at retention time （RT） of 8.4 rain was identified as 2-（4- hydroxyl-5-oxo-2-imidazolin-2-yl） quinoline acid, originating from the loss of isopropyl group and hydroxylation at the 4-position of imidazolinone ring. The other at RT of 12.9 rain was identified as quinoline-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride, resulting from detachment of imidazolinone ring and the forming of dicarboxylic anhydride. This finding suggested that the addition of farm litters into soil might be a good management option since it can not only increase soil fertility but also contribute to increase safety of imazaquin application to the following susceptible crops.     

橡■单宁去除水中有毒重金属离子的研究

研究了用橡单宁处理Ｐｂ２＋、Ｃｄ２＋、Ｃｒ３＋、Ｚｎ２＋、Ｍｎ２＋、Ｆｅ２＋六种重金属离子的最佳条件。结果表明，在中性或微碱性条件下，几种金属离子的最佳去除率分别可达８０６％、９２２％、８５３％、９１４％、８５０％、８６０％。探讨了橡单宁絮凝的机理。     

Simultaneous denitrifying phosphorus accumulation in a sequencing batch reactor

In order to achieve simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the biological treatment process, denitrifying phosphorus accumulation (DNPA) and its affecting factors were studied in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with synthetic wastewater. The results showed that when acetate was used as the sole carbon resource in the influent, the sludge acclimatized under anaerobic/aerobic operation had good phosphorus removal ability. Denitrifying phosphorus accumulation was observed soon when fed with nitrate instead of aeration following the anaerobic stage, which is a vital premise to DNPA. If DNPA sludge is fed with nitrate prior to the anaerobic stage, the DNPA would weaken or even disappear. At the high concentration of nitrate fed in the anoxic stage, the longer anoxic time needed, the better the DNPA was. Induced DNPA did not disappear even though an aerobic stage followed the anoxic stage, but the shorter the aerobic stage lasted, the higher the proportions of phosphorus removal via DNPA to total removal. Translated from Environmental Science, 2004, 25(6): 92–96 [译自: 环境科学]     

有机质、CaCl_2和MgCl_2对细颗粒泥沙絮凝沉降的影响

在CaCl2和MgCl2浓度为0~1.0mmol/L,泥沙浓度为10g/L时,用吸管法研究了有机质、CaCl2和MgCl2对细颗粒泥沙静水絮凝沉降的影响,结果表明,去除有机质后,细颗粒泥沙絮凝沉降加快,其絮凝所需的最佳电解质浓度降低;CaCl2和MgCl2的絮凝能力无明显差异,有机质含量对其几乎没有影响;在相同盐度下,细颗粒泥沙的絮凝沉降速度随电解质摩尔浓度的增大而增大.     

混凝法处理搪瓷废水工艺研究

在试验的基础上,采用加碱混凝沉淀法,处理搪瓷废水,得到很好效果.通过生产规模运行证明,在进水COD_(cr)为1364.3mg/l,油类为25mg/1,BOD_5为374.8mg/l时,出水COD_(cr)为34.8mg/l,油相似文献   

微生物采油技术应用及发展动态

微生物采油技术作为第四种驱油技术方法不断成熟应用也日渐广泛。介绍了微生物采油技术的特点、微生物提高原油采收率的作用机理、微生物采油技术的应用方式和技术标准。还介绍了微生物采油技术在我国的发展动态，提出了今后研究的着重点和方向。