基于AHP的可听噪声影响因素权值分析

影响超高压输电线路可听噪声的因素众多,对影响可听噪声的因素进行合理分析确定其对可听噪声影响的权重是进行可听噪声预测和合理有效降低可听噪声的前提。对影响可听噪声的因素进行分析并运用层次分析法（AnalyticHierarchyProcess,AHP）对影响可听噪声的主要因素进行加权分析,以定量的形式确定影响因素的相对重要度。结果表明,应用层次分析法确定的可听噪声影响因素权重符合实际,准确性较高,为可听噪声选择主要影响因素用于预测及有效降低可听噪声提供参考依据。     

城市生态安全多层次灰色综合评价

从城市生态安全的基本内涵出发,根据压力(pressure)-状态(state)-响应(response)模型,从生态系统压力、生态系统状况、生态系统响应3方面构建一个4层次的城市生态安全评价指标体系,运用灰色系统理论,构建了城市生态安全多层次灰色综合评价模型,并结合实例进行计算。评价结果与实际情况基本相符,表明该模型能有效地利用评价指标的信息,所给出的综合评价值既能用于描述所评价城市的生态安全状况,亦可对不同城市的生态安全状况进行比较,对更加科学合理地评价城市生态安全状况具有参考价值。     

城市天然气管道风险特征与肯特法的改进

根据城市高压天然气管道特点,将适合于城市天然气管道风险分析的肯特评分法加以改进,包括调整评分项目和事故因素权重,使其成为适于城市天然气管道的风险分析法。将改进后的肯特评分法应用于常州21km高压天然气管道的风险评价,得出8个相对高风险管段,其分析结果可作为安全管理人员合理分配维护资源的理论依据。工程应用实例证明:改进后的肯特法具有较强的可行性,是城市高压天然气管道风险评估的有效工具。     

建筑火灾风险评价体系的建立与应用探讨

探讨基于安全系统工程思想的建筑火灾风险评价指标体系的建立方法,并在该基础上,通过专家打分和层次分析法,计算得出各指标因子的权重值。根据有关标准和规范,对各评价指标因子进行等级划分,并设计出建筑火灾风险综合分值评分表,为厘定火灾保险费率提供依据。笔者的研究成果为完善建筑火灾风险评价方法、制定财产保险火灾风险评价标准等提供了科学依据。     

基于熵权综合健康指数法的瀛湖水生态系统健康评估

瀛湖是南水北调丹江口水库重要的水源涵养区,承担着丹江口水库60%的供水量,又是沿线乡镇和安康市城区饮用水水源地。在充分调查的基础上,采用综合健康指数法对1986—2012年之间瀛湖的水生态系统健康状况进行了评估,结果表明,1986—2005年,瀛湖水生态系统健康指数呈逐渐下降趋势,健康状态由健康降至一般病态;2005—2012年之间,瀛湖水生态系统健康指数总体呈上升趋势,健康状态除2010年为一般病态外,其余均为亚健康状态。     

公共场所火灾伤员转运护理应急资源评估

为保障伤员生命与健康,提升火灾伤员救治率,该文研究公共场所火灾伤员转运护理应急资源评估方法.以火灾伤员转运护理应急资源需求分析为基础,从应急人员、应急设备、应急环境信息与应急管理四个方面出发,共选取15个评估指标,构建公共场所火灾伤员转运护理应急资源评估指标体系,根据各指标采集相关数据并对数据实施量纲标准化处理.构建基...     

大气中酮类化合物污染事故应急监测

研究了大气中低分子量酮类化合物的气相色谱测定方法 ,进行了线性范围、精密度和准确度实验。结果表明 ,该方法具有简便快捷、准确灵敏的特点 ,适合于大气污染事故应急监测     

Thermodynamics of interaction of lindane on silty loam and silty clay loam Indian soils

Abstract

Interaction of lindane with silty loam and silty clay loam soils was studied in batch tests at 23, 30 and 37° C. Sorption experiments were carried out at four concentrations and for varying time of contact upto 72 hours. This was followed by desorption studies. No desorption was observed. The sorption data was analysed using sorption equations and evaluating the thermodynamic parameters. The sorption was found to be predominantly entropic in nature and a combined effect of adsorption and chemisorption. The effect of organic matter and other chemical and mineralogical constituents of soils has also been discussed. The sorption with single application of lindane with the two soil types indicates that the insecticide is less likely to reach groundwater.     

SUBWATERSHED SPATIAL ANALYSIS TOOL: DISCRETIZATION OF A DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGIC MODEL BY STATISTICAL CRITERIA1

ABSTRACT: Complex hydrologic models, designed for simulating larger watersheds, require a huge amount of input data. Most of these models use spatially distributed data as inputs. Spatial data can be aggregated or disaggregated for use as input to a model, which can impact model outputs. Although, it is efficient to minimize data redundancy by aggregating the spatial data, upscaling reduces the detail/resolution of input information and increases model uncertainty. On the other hand, a large number of model inputs with high degrees of disaggregation take more computer time and space to process. Hence, a balance between striving for a maximum level of aggregation and a minimum level of information loss has to be achieved. This study presents a definition of an appropriate level of discretization, derived by establishing a relationship between a model's efficiency and the number of subwater‐sheds modeled. An entropy based statistical approach/tool called Subwatershed Spatial Analysis Tool (SUSAT) was developed to find an objective choice of an appropriate level of discretization. The new approach/tool was applied to three watersheds, each representing different hydrologic conditions, using a hydrologic model. Coefficients of efficiency and entropy estimated at different levels of discretization were used to validate the success of the new approach.     

Evaluation of Material Biodegradability in Real Conditions–Development of a Burial Test and an Analysis Methodology Based on Numerical Vision

This work validated a burial protocol for in situ testing and presents a robust, repeatable and time-saving technique to measure degraded areas in the sample, i.e. an image analysis method. 1440 specimens of degraded samples have been compiled in a data base. To this end, twenty samples presenting different levels of biodegradability (i.e. PHBV/HV, PLA, PCL, PCL-Starch, paper, PE, PE-Starch) were buried at 4 different locations and then disinterred at 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24-month intervals. The biodegradation levels of these samples were determined by computing weight and area loss. Weight loss was measured after careful cleaning, whereas area loss was quantified using image analysis. Image analysis gives reliable information on visual pollution while only requiring a rudimentary and thus quicker cleaning of the samples.