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11.
目的 研究海水环境下海流能发电机组叶片用玻璃纤维复合材料力学性能的变化规律.方法 在实验室内通过海水浸泡试验、拉伸试验、弯曲试验以及剪切试验,测定叶片用玻璃纤维树脂基复合材料的吸水特性,以及在人工海水介质中各项力学性能参数的演变规律.结果 随着浸泡时间的增加,玻璃纤维树脂基复合材料吸水率先逐步增大、后趋于稳定,总吸水率约0.075%.抗拉强度呈先降低、后提高、又降低的趋势,抗拉强度最高可超过1100 MPa,最小值约为940 MPa.弹性模量和弯曲强度呈逐渐降低的趋势,弹性模量降幅约9.5%,弯曲强度降幅约为30%.弯曲模量变化起伏不定,变化幅度在15%以内.材料剪切强度呈先增大、后降低的趋势,最小值为189 MPa,较初始值高10 MPa.剪切模量呈先降低、后提高的现象,在浸泡28 d时,剪切模量最小,为16.4 GPa.结论 玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料经过长期海水浸泡后,拉伸及抗剪切性能略有降低,但降幅不大,抗弯性能下降明显,需要在叶片结构设计和强度计算时,充分考虑抗弯性能衰减的负面影响. 相似文献
12.
13.
镉铅对小麦醇脱氢酶(ADH)基因表达影响的初步研究 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
经过镉,铅45h污染处理,运用Northein斑点杂分析和酶活性测定的方法探测萌发期小麦ADH酶基因的表达情况。实验结果表明,ADH基因表达在RNA和酶活性两个层次均有变化,并且呈现相似的变化趋势,反映得金属的影响是来源于基因转录水平。 相似文献
14.
IntroductionAdsorptionofherbicidesonsoilfromwaterisanimportantfactoraffectingtheirfate,biologicalactivity,andpersistenceinsoil watersystem .Itisoftenaffectedbyseveralpropertiesofsoil.Betterunderstandingofadsorptionanditsaffectingfactorswillmakeitpossibletoadjusttheherbicidedosageaccordingtosoilproperties,thusreducingtheenvironmentalpollutionofherbicidesintheenvironment.Fig .1 StructuresofthreetriazineherbicidesAmongthepost emergentherbicides,triazineherbicidesaremostcommonlyusedworldwideonco… 相似文献
15.
J. J. Jesudason R. H. Marchessault T. Saito 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1993,1(2):89-98
The synthetic analogue of a bacterially produced polyester, poly(-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) was synthesized from racemic -butyrolactone using anin situ trimethyl aluminum-water catalyst. The polymer was fractionated into samples differing in molecular weight and isotactic diad content. The latter was closely related to degree of crystallinity. The biodegradation of these fractions were examined by monitoring mass loss over time in the presence of anAlcaligenes faecalis T1 extracellular bacterial poly(-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase. The fraction with high isotactic diad tacticity content showed little or no degradation over a 50 hour incubation period, whereas the fraction of intermediate isotactic diad content degraded in a continuous steady fashion at a rate that was less than that for bacterial PHB. The low isotactic diad fraction underwent a rapid initial degradation, followed by no further mass loss. The presence of stereoblocks in the polymer structure of the various fractions was an influence on the degree of susceptibility towards degradation and is related to sample crystallinity. 相似文献
16.
Research on biodegradable materials has been stimulated due to concern regarding the persistence of plastic wastes. Blending starch with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most promising efforts because starch is an abundant and cheap biopolymer and PLA is biodegradable with good mechanical properties. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) contains unhydrolytic residual groups of poly(vinyl acetate) and also has good compatibility with starch. It was added to a starch and PLA blend (50:50, w/w) to enhance compatibility and improve mechanical properties. PVOH (MW 6,000) at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% (by weight) based on the total weight of starch and PLA, and 30% PVOH at various molecular weights (MW 6,000, 25,000, 78,000, and 125,000 dalton) were added to starch/PLA blends. PVOH interacted with starch. At proportions greater than 30%, PVOH form a continuous phase with starch. Tensile strength of the starch/PLA blends increased as PVOH concentration increased up to 40% and decreased as PVOH molecular weight increased. The increasing molecular weight of PVOH slightly affected water absorption, but increasing PVOH concentration to 40% or 50% increased water absorption. Effects of moisture content on the starch/PLA/PVOH blend also were explored. The blend containing gelatinized starch had higher tensile strength. However, gelatinized starch also resulted in increased water absorption. 相似文献
17.
18.
Mechanical Properties with the Functional Group of Additives for Starch/PVA Blend Film 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper deals with the mechanical properties and degree of swelling (DS) of starch/PVA blend film with the functional groups
i.e., hydroxyl and carboxyl group, of additives. Starch/PVA blend films were prepared by using the mixing process. Glycerol
(GL) with 3 hydroxyl group, sorbitol (SO) with 6 hydroxyl group, succinic acid (SA) with 2 carboxyl group, malic acid (MA)
with 1 hydroxyl and 2 carboxyl group, tartaric acid (TA) with 2 hydroxyl and 2 carboxyl group and citric acid (CA) with 1
hydroxyl and 3 carboxyl group were used as additives. The results of measured tensile strength (TS) and elongation (%E) verified
that both hydroxyl and carboxyl group as a functional groups increased the flexibility and strength of the film. Values of
DS for GL-added and SA-added films were low. However, DS values of the films added MA, TA or CA with both hydroxyl and carboxyl
group were comparatively high. When the film was dried at low temperature, the properties of the films were evidently improved.
The reason is probably because the hydrogen bonding was activated at low temperature. 相似文献
19.
Nugraha E. Suyatma Alain Copinet Lan Tighzert Veronique Coma 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2004,12(1):1-6
Biodegradable film blends of chitosan with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were prepared by solution mixing and film casting. The main goal of these blends is to improve the water vapor barrier of chitosan by blending it with a hydrophobic biodegradable polymer from renewable resources. Mechanical properties of obtained films were assessed by tensile test. Thermal properties, water barrier properties, and water sensitivity were studied by differential scanning calorimeter analysis, water vapor permeability measurements, and surface-angle contact tests, respectively. The incorporation of PLA to chitosan improved the water barrier properties and decreased the water sensitivity of chitosan film. However, the tensile strength and elastic modulus of chitosan decreased with the addition of PLA. Mechanical and thermal properties revealed that chitosan and PLA blends are incompatible, consistent with the results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis that showed the absence of specific interaction between chitosan and PLA. 相似文献
20.
Assessment of Soil Erodibility Indices for Conservation Reserve Program Lands in Southwestern Kansas Using Satellite Imagery and GIS Techniques 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The soil erodibility index (EI) of Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) lands, which was the major criterion for CRP enrollment,
was assessed for six counties in southwestern Kansas using USGS seamless digital elevation model data and Geographical Informational
System techniques. The proportion of land areas with EI values of 8 or lower was less than 1% of the entire study area and
most of the land areas (72.5%) were concentrated on EI values between 8 and 24. Although land acreage with EI values of 24
or higher decreased dramatically, the proportion of CRP lands to the other land-use types did not change much from low to
high EI levels. The soil EI and physical soil characteristics of the CRP lands were compared to those of other land-use types.
In general, the mean EI values of the land-use types were strongly correlated with physical soil properties, including organic
matter content, clay content, available water capacity, permeability, and texture. CRP lands were compared in detail with
cropland in terms of their soil characteristics to infer the pivotal cause of the land transformation. Although there was
no significant statistical difference in EI between cropland and CRP soils, soil texture, soil family, and permeability were
statistically different between the two. Statistical analyses of these three variables showed that CRP soils had coarser texture
and higher permeability on average than cropland soils, indicating that CRP lands in the study area are drier than cropland
soils. Therefore, soil moisture characteristics, not necessarily soil erosion potential, might have been the key factor for
CRP enrollment in the study area. 相似文献