开花前后变水条件对春小麦的补偿效应

在防雨棚内的盆栽实验条件下，研究了4种梯度的10种不分组合对红芒麦和宁春10号产量及耗水量等的影响。结果表明，试验期间充分灌水，轻度，中度，重度干旱处理，随着干旱程度的加剧，株高，干物质积累，产量，耗水量都逐渐减少；红芒麦灌浆期不同程度的,匀有利于产量的形成，促进物质运输，提高千粒重，同时减少水分消耗，提高WUE；孕穗期干旱处理后，灌浆期复水，会造成减产，和灌浆期相比，孕穗期是水分的敏感的时期，而灌浆期对水分亏缺不敏感，两种小麦相比较，宁春10号耗水量大，产量低，抗旱性较强，图2表2参7     

N2O的环境效应及其防逸技术的发展趋势

论述了N2O的环境效应，重点阐述了N2O的温室效应及其对人类活动的影响。列举了各国政府为控制包括N2O在内的温室气体的排放所采取的政策。概括了N2O防逸技术的研究进展，认为固定化细胞技术有望在该领域取得突破性进展。     

徐州市生态环境质量动态评价与整治研究

应用层次分析法，系统评价了徐州市1990－1999年间的生态环境质量状况，得出了该市生态环境质量在研究时段间总体上呈现出逐渐恶化的趋势等结论，从而可为政府等相关部门的决策提供必要的参考。     

昆明地区土壤重金属与农药残留分析

对昆明地区土壤中Cd、Cu、Pb、As、Cr、Hg6种重金属和六六六、DDT、甲胺磷、乐果4种农药含量进行了调查监测,并就其来源及污染状况进行了评价,结果表明:Cd、Cu、As、Hg等重金属对土壤均存在不同程度的污染,其中Cd污染最为严重,其后依次为Cu、Hg、As、Pb、Cr,土壤重金属综合评价为中度污染,土壤有机氯农药仍有部分残留,有机磷农药残留量很低。     

紫外线B对海洋生态系统的影响

近年来随着臭氧损失现象日益严重，到达地球表面的紫外线B辐射不断加强，海洋生态系统受到了前所未有的威胁。UV-B的增强改变了生物体赖以生存的水体环境，影响了浮游植物对营养盐的吸收同化，抑制了浮游植物的光合作用，从而减少了海洋对CO2的吸收能力，其结果直接增加了温室效应。同时UV-B也直接影响生态系统食物链的各个营养级，伤害海洋病毒、细菌和浮游植物，降低浮游动物和仔稚鱼的成活率，进而影响到整个海洋生态系统的结构和功能。     

Benefits of large broods by higher chick survival and better territories in a precocial shorebird

When reproductive success is constant in one breeding phase, different tactics that increase variation in reproductive success among individuals may evolve in other phases. For instance, in shorebirds, which usually have a limited clutch size of four eggs, variation in reproductive tactics among individuals is expected either before egg-laying (e.g. diverse mating systems) or after hatching of the young (e.g. diverse parental care). In this paper, I studied the pied avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta), a shorebird with a modal clutch size of four eggs, to test whether post-hatch chick adoption as an alternative tactic can be linked to increased variation in annual reproductive success. When predation was high, naturally adopting pairs produced more filial fledglings than did pairs not adopting chicks and not losing chicks to adoption. The number of filial fledglings increased with the number of adopted young, possibly through diluting the chances of predation on filial young. Experimental chick addition did not lead to more fledged young due to low brood integrity as shown by the frequent loss of chicks from some experimental broods. When predation was low, larger broods occupied feeding territories with higher prey abundance than smaller broods, possibly due to their dominance over smaller ones. Pairs that lost chicks to adoption (donors) fledged as many filial young in their broods as did non-adopters/non-donors, whereas the total number of donors’ filial fledglings, including those raised in adopting broods, approached that of adopters. These findings show, for the first time, that post-hatch alternative reproductive tactics can lead to variation in annual reproductive success and to higher success for some pairs even in species where past adaptations limit variation in reproductive success in a certain phase of reproduction.     

乌江流域县域社会经济发展的综合评价与分析

在简要阐述了县域社会经济发展综合评价原则的基础上,建立了悬域社会经济发展综合评价的指标体系,利用层次分析法确定了各评价因子的权重。接着以乌江流域为例,对流域内４０个县域的社会经济发展水平进行了定量评价,指出了流域内县域社会经济发展中存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策,旨在为促进乌江流域的县域社会经济协调发展提供某些科学依据。     

三峡工程淹没区文物古迹的价值评估(一)

文物价值是客观的,是文物本身固有的……依据三峡工程淹没区内文物古迹的特定地位,阐明了其文物价值,不应仅从现定文物级别下定论,还应立足于三峡地区本身的历史、文化及地理背景,从历史、艺术、科学等各方面去识别、评价。由于三峡工程淹没区内文物包罗万象,在对不同类型的文物进行价值评估时,其出发点、侧重点乃至整个价值评估体系,存在着一定的差异性,本文根据淹没区内建筑、石刻、古遗址以及古墓葬四大类分别进行了论述评价。     

斜坡稳定性的二级模糊推断

根据对斜坡稳定性影响的大小,选取了七个主要因于,引用了山西明水河流域几个斜坡样点实测数据．应用模糊近似推论方法及信息分配原理,对斜坡稳定性进行了单因子灰色隶属度分析及综合二级模糊近似推论,该方法克服了传统单因子评价的弊端,能比较真实地反映实际,为布设护坡工程提供了理论依据。