纳污港湾污染物质的有限水体混合迁移模式——Ⅱ.厦门港Cu、Pb迁移模式探讨

本文在河口、港湾环境污染物质的单纯混合迁移模式的基础上,进一步讨论了厦门港Cu、Pb的迁移过程和特点,估算了Cu、Pb的输出输入通量,用模式计算了水体中的Cu、Pb分布。计算结果与现场调查值接近。计算结果表明,悬浮物对重金属的吸附迁移,特别是颗粒态有机物以及浮游生物对生物活性元素的作用,是影响重金属迁移的重要因素。     

潮汐河网水质数学模型

以南通市濠河为例,建立了潮汐河网水质数学模型,并提出了参数估算的方法。所建模型可用作潮汐河网地区进行水污染控制、水质管理、评价、规划的工具。     

潮滩生态特征及开发利用模式——以江苏大丰潮滩研究为例

根据自然地理、海洋动力、生物等特征!本文研究受大河作用的大丰潮滩地貌、沉积过程,讨论老黄河和长江对该潮滩发育的影响和潮滩生物群落空间分布及演变规律。本文评价了大丰潮滩开发利用现状,分析了它们的经济效益和环境效益,提出把目前受到强烈改造、过度利用的模式改变为顺应潮滩自然演变、有步骤合理开发利用潮滩的模式。     

溢油应急系统中的潮流快速预报

本文针对海上溢油动态预报可视系统中潮流场的预报提供了一种简便、快捷的预报方法。首先按潮流数值模拟计算出连续１５个周日各网格结点处整点时刻潮流的东、北分量、进而求出各结点的潮流调和常数。在溢油预报时，可用此调和常数迅速算出实时潮流场而不必进行数值计算，提高预报实效。经辽东湾海区试用表明，该方法可靠，快捷，特别适用于微机预报系统。     

感潮河网水环境容量数值计算

对感潮河网水环境容量和污染物允许排放量的概念进行了分析，考虑了感潮河网水环境容量的时空动态变化及其影响因素，提出了基于感潮河网水质模型的水环境容量数值计算方法。该方法不公反映了感潮河网地区水流运动复杂、流态不稳定、流向多变的特点，而且反映了感８潮河网水环境容量受边界水质变化、河段水质目标不一致、水利工程运行等多种因素影响下的时空变化规律，该方法经过实例计算验证，效果良好。     

芦苇与海三棱藨草中重金属的累积及季节变化

通过分析上海滨岸潮滩芦苇和海三棱藨草根系、茎叶中Cu、Pb、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cr、N的含量，发现Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu在芦苇与海三棱藨草根系、茎叶中含量较高，而Pb、Cr、N含量较低；Mn在芦苇与海三棱藨草茎叶中的含量接近或超过根系中的含量，而Fe在茎叶中的百分含量较少；聚类分析表明，Pb、Cr在芦苇和海三棱藨草体内的迁移能力非常相近，Zn、Cd、Cu也表现出类似的规律；芦苇和海三棱藨草分别在夏季和春季开始大量吸收重金属元素，之后含量降低，冬季时重金属元素在这两种潮滩植物根系和茎叶中再次出现富集。在同一采样断面，除Cr以外，其余重金属元素在海三棱藨草体内的含量明显高于芦苇。     

罗源湾的潮流, 余流特征

根据罗泊湾（包括可门水道）的实测涨流资料，分析得出罗源湾湖流、余流的水平和垂直分布特征。结果表明：（１）罗源湾为强潮流作用的港湾，可门水道冈屿附近海域潮流流速较大，而湾的南部海域潮流较弱。（２）而罗源湾潮流的垂直分布来看，潮流流速中层最大、有层次之、底层最小，但潮流流速的这一垂直分布特征一般只出现在高潮前，后２－４太阴时的时段内。（３）在高、低潮前后，湾顶（特别是西北湾顶）以及可门水道附近海域上、     

Coastal zone development: Mitigation,marsh creation,and decision-making

Marsh creation is currently receiving wide attention in the United States as an important tool for mitigating the impacts of development in coastal wetlands. The perception that there is no net loss in valuable coastal wetlands when development is mitigated by the creation of man-made marshes can have a substantial impact on the permitting and decision-making processes. The effective result may be the trading of natural salt marshes for man-made marshes.Techniques for marsh creation were developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers to enhance and stabilize dredge spoil materials. Most research sponsored by the Corps has been directed at determining whether these goals have been accomplished. A survey of the research indicates that there is insufficient evidence to conclude that man-made marshes function like natural salt marshes or provide the important values of natural marshes. It is necessary, therefore, for decision-makers to understand the limitations of present knowledge about man-made marshes, realistically evaluate the trade-offs involved, and relegate mitigation to its proper role in the permitting process—post facto conditions imposed on developments that clearly meet state qualifications and policies.     

TIDAL POWER GENERATION UTILIZING ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE OR AIR RECIRCULATION1

ABSTRACT: This paper presents research conducted on tidal power generation utilizig atmospheric pressure or air recirculation. The proposed methods in this paper differ from conventional methods. That is, they require simple and relatively inexpensive power generating facilities that would convert the potential energy of the tides into kine tic energy of air for driving the air turbines in a power plant. The characteristics of the new methods are as follows: (1) in tidal power generation utilizing the atmospheric pressure, the air pressure exerted on an air turbine can be maintained at 1 atm regardless of the water head; (2) in tidal power generation utilizing the air recirculation, the air pressure exerted on an air turbine can be made twice as high as the available water head; (3) higher tidal energy conversion efficiency can be obtained by flowing larger quantities of water in a shorter time period; (4) the generating turbines can be located at a convenient place remote from the reservoir; and (5) equipment corrosion due to salt is minimized.     

脱硫石膏农业利用研究进展与展望

概述火电厂脱硫石膏定义、生产过程和性质。简述了脱离石膏的工业利用，详述了脱离石膏对酸性和碱性土壤改良的现状和机理，并展望了脱硫石膏促进滩涂土植被演替的前景。