光电催化结合氧化降解碱性品红的研究

用UV／TiO2悬浮液光催化氧化和间接电氧化相结合的方法降解碱性品红．考察了NaCl浓度、电流密度、pH值对光电催化结合降解碱性品红速率的影响．结果表明：光电催化结合比单一光催化降解效果有了明显的提高；NaCl浓度对光电催化结合的降解速率没有明显影响；提高电流密度可以增加光电催化结合的降解速率，但会减少单位电流密度下碱性品红的降解量；pH=9．00时，光电催化结合的降解速率最大．光电催化结合氧化降解160．0min后溶液脱色率达100％，COD去除率达75．5％．     

酒精氧化制乙醛的废水改造工程实例

溧阳市某化工厂以酒精氧化法制得乙醛，该厂原有一套污水处理站，但系统出水难以达标。经改造后，该废水经过冷却到35～39℃、加碱中和至pH为7左右，进入多级内循环厌氧反应器（MIC）处理，在厌氧进水CODcr约为3200mg／L、HRT为24h，CODcr去除率为85％以上，出水进入推流式好氧池，采用微孔曝气器曝气，HRT为36h，好氧出水CODcr小于100mg／L。该工艺运行稳定。     

结晶紫光度法测定钒触媒及废水中的砷

本文研究了在聚乙烯醇存在下砷钼酸与结晶紫的显色条件.结果表明:在0.1mol的硫酸介质中.络合物的最大吸收波长在 555nm,摩尔吸收系数为1.57×10~5,络合物组成中砷:结晶紫为1:3.用于触媒及工业废水中砷的测定,方法简便、快速,结果令人满意.     

Ammonium sulfide-assisted hydrothermal activation of palygorskite for enhanced adsorption of methyl violet

Herein,palygorskite(PAL)was activated via a simple hydrothermal process in the presence of ammonium sulfide,and the effects of activation on the microstructure,physico-chemical feature and adsorption behaviors of PAL were intensively investigated.The hydrothermal process evidently improved the dispersion of PAL crystal bundles,increased surface negative charges and built more active –Si–O-groups served as the new"adsorption sites".The adsorption property of the activated PAL for Methyl Violet(MV)was systematically investigated by optimizing the adsorption variables,including p H,ionic strength,contact time and initial MV concentration.The activated PAL exhibited a superior adsorption capability to the raw PAL for the removal of MV(from 156.05 to 218.11 mg/g).The kinetics for MV adsorption followed pseudo second-order kinetic models,while the isotherm and thermodynamics results showed that the adsorption pattern well followed the Langmuir model.The structure analysis of PAL before and after adsorption demonstrated that electrostatic interaction and chemical association of –X–O-are the prominent driving forces for the adsorption process.     

Environmental chamber study of the photochemical reaction of ethyl methyl sulfide and Nox

A series of experiments were conducted in a self-made smog chamber at 300 ± 1 K and 1.01×105 Pa to simulate the photochemical reaction of ethyl methyl sulfide (EMS) and NOx. The results show that the higher the initial concentration of EMS, the more ozone is generated in the simulative reactions. It is found that the light intensity plays a very important role in the evaluation of ozone formation potential for EMS. The parameters of d(O3-NO) and IR (incremental reactivity) were used to quantify the potential of EMS on ozone formation. The obtained maximum IR values in this paper for the five simulative reactions were 1.55×10-2, 0.99×10-2, 1.36×10-2, 2.47×10-2, and 1.65×10-2, respectively. Comparison between the results we obtained here and the results we obtained before for di-tert-butyl peroxide and acetylene was made and it showed that the potential reactivity of EMS on ozone formation is at a relatively low level.     

Cu_2O/Bi_2MoO_6光催化剂的制备、表征与性质研究

通过溶剂热法成功合成了一系列不同掺杂比的Cu2O/Bi2MoO6复合纳米光催化剂,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼(Raman)光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外—可见漫反射光谱(DRS)等手段对所得产物进行表征。以染料结晶紫为模拟污染物,研究了所合成产物的光催化性能。结果表明,Cu、Mo摩尔比为0.08的复合纳米光催化剂的光催化效率最高,可见光照射100min对结晶紫溶液的降解率可达95.60%。此外,探讨了Cu2O掺杂量对光催化剂性能的影响,提出了可能的光催化反应机制。     

改进催化光度法测定水中的微量钒

采用改进催化光度法测定微量钒,即利用微量钒催化溴酸钾氧化甲基紫溶液褪色实现快速测定水中的微量钒。在50mL容量瓶中,在pH为1.6的硫酸加入量0.90mL、0.0100mol/L的溴酸钾溶液加入量4.50mL、2.5×10-4mol/L的甲基紫溶液加入量5.00mL的条件下,聚乙二醇-200作活化剂时,在92℃恒温反应12min,加钒和不加钒溶液的吸光度之差与钒质量浓度呈线性关系。该法的测定波长为580nm,检出限为5.2×10-8g/L,最大相对标准偏差为4.3%,回收率为95.8%~104.0%。该法可用于湖水、化工厂排水中微量钒的直接测定。     

Commercial trials evaluating the novel use of ethyl formate for in-transit fumigation of shipping containers

Sediment samples from 25 sites in 17 rivers of the Pantanal (Brazil) were analyzed with the objective of evaluating pesticide contamination in sediments. Samples were extracted with an acetone, ethylacetate, and water mixture 2:2:1 (v/v/v). The extract was purified by flash chromatography with aluminum oxide and florisil. A multiresidue gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was applied to monitor 23 pesticides of different chemical classes (organochlorine, organophosphorus, triazines, anilides and pyrethroids) with some of their degradation products. Compounds identified in sediment samples included λ -cyhalothrin (1.0 to 5.0 μ g kg^{? 1}), p,p′-DDT (3.6 μ g kg^{? 1}), deltamethrin (20.0 μ g kg^{? 1}) and permethrin (1.0 to 7.0 μ g kg^{? 1}).     

聚结晶紫膜修饰电极的制备及对水中对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的测定

通过电化学的方法将结晶紫聚合在玻碳电极表面制备聚结晶紫(PCV)膜修饰电极,并研究了对苯二酚和邻苯二酚在PCV膜修饰电极上的电化学行为。PCV膜修饰电极对对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的氧化有良好的电催化作用。在最佳的实验条件下,氧化峰电流在对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的浓度为4.0×10-6~2.8×10-4mol/L之间呈良好线性关系,对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的线性相关系数分别为0.9991和0.9823,检出限分别为6.2×10-7mol/L和9.0×10-7mol/L。PCV膜修饰电极具有良好的灵敏度、重现性和稳定性,可以应用于实际水样中两种物质的同时测定。     

杂色云芝菌产漆酶条件优化及其对碱性紫5BN的降解

通过实验对杂色云芝菌产漆酶的发酵条件进行了优化,结果表明杂色云芝菌产漆酶的最佳发酵条件为:以质量浓度为15 g/L的羧甲基纤维素钠和质量浓度为1.25 g/L的葡萄糖作为复合碳源,以质量浓度为15 g/L的酵母膏作为氮源,在发酵72 h时加入浓度为2mmol/L的2,5-二甲基苯胺,发酵96 h时加入浓度为2 mmol...