Multi-response optimization of Fenton process for applicability assessment in landfill leachate treatment

Fenton process, as a pretreatment method, was found to be effective in the primary treatment of mature/medium landfill leachate. However, the main problem of the process is the large amount of produced sludge that requires an accurate feasibility evaluation for operational applications. In this study, the response surface methodology was applied for the modeling and optimization of Fenton process in three target responses, (1) overall COD removal, (2) sludge to iron ratio (SIR) and (3) organics removal to sludge ratio (ORSR), where the latter two were new self-defined responses for prediction of sludge generation and applicability assessment of the process, respectively. The effective variables included the initial pH, [H₂O₂]/[Fe²⁺] ratio and Fe²⁺ dosage. According to the statistical analysis, all the proposed models were adequate (with adjusted R² of 0.9116–0.9512) and had considerable predictive capability (with prediction R² up to 0.9092 and appropriate adequate precision). It was found that all the variables had significant effects on the responses, specifically by their observed role in dominant oxidation mechanism. The optimum operational conditions obtained by overlay plot, were found to be initial pH of 5.7, [H₂O₂]/[Fe²⁺] ratio of 17.72 and [Fe²⁺] of 195 mM, which led to 69% COD removal, 2.4 (l sludge/consumed mole Fe²⁺) of SIR and 16.5 (gCOD removed/l produced sludge) for ORSR in verification test, in accordance with models-predicted values. Finally, it was observed that [H₂O₂]/[Fe²⁺] ratio and Fe²⁺ dosage had significant influence on COD removal, while Fe²⁺ dosage and [H₂O₂]/[Fe²⁺] ratio had remarkable effects on SIR and ORSR responses, respectively.     

新型聚硅氯化铁铝絮凝剂的制备及性能

以二甲基二氯硅烷为硅源,与氯化铁、氯化铝聚合制得新型的聚硅氯化铁铝（PSFAC）絮凝剂,考察了制备条件及PSFAC对含油废水和药厂废水的絮凝效果。制备PSFAC的最佳条件：nFc：nAl为0．4,nSi：n（Al＋Fe）为0．1,碱化度为2．0,C（Al,Fe）、为0．1mol／L,熟化时间为1-2d。当PSFAC加入量为10mg／L时,对含油废水、药厂废水的浊度去除率分别为84％和86％。PSFAC具有加入量少、沉降速度快、适用的pH范围较宽等优点。     

三维电极电催化氧化法处理废水的研究进展

综述了近几年国内外在三维电极电化学反应器方面的最新研究进展,分析了电源的输出形式、阴阳极板的布置方式、粒子电极的填充方式等因素对废水处理效果的影响,探讨了碳纳米材料等新材料在粒子电极载体上的应用,最后介绍了三维电极法与其他技术联用的最新研究,并指出了三维电极法存在的问题及今后的研究方向。     

反渗透工艺处理回用循环水排污水技术工业应用

采用反渗透工艺处理火电厂循环冷却水排污水,作为循环水补充水和锅炉补给水,具有显著的经济效益和环境效益。     

稠油废水生物处理主要影响因素分析

有机聚合物和石油烃类物质是稠油废水中的主要污染物.应用辽河油田锦采污水处理厂稠油废水中筛选分离出的菌株B0501,分析其在稠油废水生物处理过程中对废水COD_Cr的去除作用,研究了不同温度,pH,水力停留时间以及添加氮、磷营养盐等条件下微生物对废水COD_Cr去除的影响.结果表明:稠油废水中投加的外源微生物B0501提高了废水中COD_Cr的去除率;接种后,废水在30 ℃,pH为7.5,水力停留时间为216 h,添加氮、磷营养盐(ρ(氮)/ρ(磷)为5.63)的条件下,废水COD_Cr去除率大幅度提高,其ρ(COD_Cr)满足国家污水综合排放一级标准(GB 8798-1996).经形态观察和生理生化反应鉴定,菌株B0501为液化金杆菌(Aureobaterium liquefaciens).      

医疗废物处置厂污水处理技术

从污水处理工艺、处理方式、水量平衡和自动控制方面论述了医疗废物处置厂污水处理系统,并申请了发明专利。根据医疗废物处置厂水质复杂、水量小、需中水回用等特点,采用物化、生化和微滤膜处理工艺,达到中水回用标准。消毒废水单独处理,循环使用。     

用于组织和产品碳足迹的中国电力温室气体排放因子

讨论了组织和产品碳足迹与清洁发展机制(CDM)在计算电力温室气体排放因子方法上的区别,在发改委电力排放因子的基础上进行了多项修正与补充,分别得到用于组织和产品碳足迹的中国电力温室气体排放因子.结果表明,发改委发布的电力基准线排放因子与本文得出的组织和产品碳足迹的排放因子有显著差距,不应混用.本文计算的排放因子可为国内组织及产品碳足迹研究提供更恰当的数据来源.     

重金属螯合剂在废水治理中的应用研究

研究重金属螯合剂的实验室合成及其捕集重金属的机理,对其处理重金属废水的效果与无机稳定化药剂Ｎａ２Ｓ进行了实验比较。     

接触氧化-电解工艺处理印染废水

主要介绍了采用生物接触氧化 电解工艺处理印染废水的设计及运行情况。处理系统运行结果表明 :当进水CODCr、BOD5和色度分别为 764 5mg L、2 63 7mg L和 42 0倍时 ,系统出水CODCr、BOD5和色度分别为 160 5mg L、48 9mg L和 12倍 ,去除率分别为 79%、81 5 %和 97 1%。该工艺运行稳定 ,操作控制方便     

绿色化学浅议

绿色化学是更高层次的化学，其产生是为了避免或减少化学过程对人类健康和环境造成的危害，由此出现的技术是环境友好的技术。绿色化学的发展能节省资源、减少环境污染，并将成为可持续发展战略的核心内容之一。