Modeling of residential lighting load profile using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)

Most practices currently adopted in modeling the presence of people in residential houses do not reflect the complexity of the impact occupants have on lighting loads. Hence the needs to contribute a methodology, that will be able to look into such characteristics. This study entailed the use of adaptive Neuro Fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for estimation and prediction of lighting load usage profile for energy and demand side management initiatives. Results obtained showed a better correlation analysis and root mean square error (RMSE) in contrast to the regression method model. This shows that ANFIS model has good prediction accuracy capability.     

Is pork trade good for China's greenhouse gas emissions?

China produces the largest amount of pork in the world, which emits the largest amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs). This paper calculates GHG emissions from China’s hog production at the provincial level using newly published emission factors. Empirical results show that GHG emissions from China’s hog production mainly respond to the scale intensity. Capital abundance and income contribute positively to GHG emissions from hog production. Pork trade increases GHG emissions from China’s hog production with a significantly direct effect, reduces GHG emissions through indirect technique effects.     

土柱淋洗实验研究进展及其在土壤有机碳迁移研究中的应用展望

土壤碳库是陆地生态系统碳循环中重要的源与汇,其小幅的变化都将对大气CO2含量造成巨大的反馈.全球约有1 500 Gt的有机碳储存在土壤中,土壤有机碳的迁移转化一直以来是学者们关注的热点问题.土柱淋洗实验在农业、林业、环境科学等研究领域广泛应用,并在土壤溶质运移模拟、土壤水文性质、重金属和污染物迁移转化等科学研究中取得了...     

Assessment of denitrification process in lower Ishikari river system,Japan

Sediment denitrification rate and its role in removal of dissolved nitrate load in lower Ishikari river system were examined. Denitrification rate were measured using acetylene inhibition technique on the sediment samples collected during August 2009–July 2010. The denitrification rate varied from 0.001 to 1.9 μg N g⁻¹ DM h⁻¹ with an average value of 0.21 μg N g⁻¹ DM h⁻¹ in lower Ishikari river system. Denitrification rate showed positive correlation with dissolved nitrate concentration in the river basin, indicating overlying water column supplied nitrate for the sediment denitrification processes. Nutrient enrichment experiments result showed that denitrification rate increased significantly with addition of nitrate in case of samples collected from Barato Lake however no such increase was observed in the samples collected from Ishikari river main channel and its major tributaries indicating that factors other than substrate concentration such as population of denitrifier and hydrological properties of stream channel including channel depth and flow velocity may affects the denitrification rate in lower Ishikari river system. Denitrification rate showed no significant increase with the addition of labile carbon (glucose), indicating that sediment samples had sufficient organic matter to sustain denitrification activity. The result of nutrient spiraling model indicates that in- stream denitrification process removes on an average 5% d⁻¹ of dissolve nitrate load in Ishikari river. This study was carried out to fill the gap present in the availability of riverine denitrification rate measurement and its role in nitrogen budget from Japanese rivers characterize by small river length and high flow rate.     

环境应急监测中两种便携式仪器的应用

在环境应急监测中,便携式气相色谱-质谱仪HAPSITE Smart IQ和便携式气相色谱仪zNose4200主要用来监测挥发性有机物。在环境污染事故中二者的应用已较成熟、广泛,二者分别发挥各自作用,在实际工作中将二者联合应用能够取得更好的效果。HAPSITE可以快速准确地对挥发性化学物质进行定性,但在定量过程中每个样品的测定过程需要数分钟,而zNose4200可以在数秒钟内对已知挥发性物质进行定量。在HAPSITE准确定性基础上,用zNose4200出具定量数据,可以有效缩短污染事故发生时环境应急监测的时间。两者联用技术,在很大程度上提高了环境应急监测能力。     

复合填料一维冻胀量数值模拟分析

复合填料是以废铸砂、粉煤灰、聚苯乙烯颗粒(EPS)、水泥和水为原料,拌合后形成的一种轻质填筑材料。其中,EPS颗粒含量适当时,能减少或消除复合填料的冻胀和融沉,可作为季节性冻土区的路基填料。假设复合填料中除EPS颗粒外的骨料颗粒、孔隙冰为刚性介质,同时考虑EPS颗粒变形和填料孔隙变形对复合填料冻结过程的影响,在已有的冻土水热耦合分离冰模型的基础上,得到考虑EPS颗粒变形影响的饱和填料一维冻结水热耦合控制方程,进而预测填料的冻胀量。与室内模型试验结果对比表明,本文模型可用于该种具有弹性颗粒复合填料的冻胀量模拟,为工程中冻胀量预测提供依据。     

Adsorption/Desorption of Copper by a Sandy Soil Amended with Various Rates of Manure,Sewage Sludge,and Incinerated Sewage Sludge

Organic amendments are sometimes applied to agricultural soils to improve the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of the soils. The organic fractions in these soil amendments also influence metal reaction, particularly the adsorption and desorption of metals, which, in turn, determine the bioavailability of the metals and hence their phytotoxicities. In this study, a Quincy fine sandy (mixed, mesic, Xeric Torripsamments) soil was treated with 0 to 160 g kg^?1 rates of either manure, sewage sludge (SS), or incinerated sewage sludge (ISS) and equilibrated in a greenhouse at near field capacity moisture content for 100 days. Following the incubation period, the soil was dried and adsorption of copper (Cu) was evaluated in a batch equilibration study at either 0, 100, 200, or 400 mg L^?1 Cu concentrations in a 0.01M CaCl₂ solution. The desorption of adsorbed Cu was evaluated by three successive elutions in 0.01M CaCl₂. Copper adsorption increased with an increase in manure rates. At the highest rate of manure addition (160 g kg^?1 soil), Cu adsorption was two-fold greater than that by the unamended soil at all rates of Cu additions. With increasing rates of Cu additions, the adsorption of Cu decreased from 99.4 to 77.6% of Cu applied to the 160 g kg^?1 manure amended soil. The desorption of Cu decreased with an increase in rate of manure amendment. Effects of sewage sludge amendments on Cu adsorption were somewhat similar to those as described for manure additions. Likewise, the desorption of Cu was the least at the high rate of SS addition (160 g kg^?1), although at the lower rates there was not a clear indication of the rate effects. In contrast to the above two amendments, the ISS amendment had the least effect on Cu adsorption. At the highest rate of ISS amendment, the Cu adsorption was roughly 50% of that at the similar rate of either manure or SS amendments, across all Cu rates.     

新型G系列高低温交变湿热试验箱

本文介绍国内最新研发的新一代的环境试验设备。用于航空、航天、信息、电子、仪器仪表等行业作电工电子产品、材料、零部件、设备的高低温试验及湿热试验。     

高加速应力筛选剖面验证技术分析

高加速应力筛选试验(HASS)技术是近年来不断发展起来的可靠性新技术,其工作原理、试验目的、应力要求等与传统的可靠性试验有所不同,是考核与提高产品质量与可靠性的强有力的工具。本文就HASS试验技术基本原理和环境应力与诱发的故障模式之间关系进行了简要分析,重点阐述了HASS试验技术的核心之一—筛选剖面图的验证技术,并对HASS剖面验证技术的特点、所需资源和其它的相关内容作了说明。