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51.
利用紫外-可见光谱与三维荧光-平行因子分析法(EEM-PARAFAC),研究了广州市2014年12月~2015年1月大气气溶胶中水溶性有机物(WSOC)和类腐殖质(HULIS)的吸光性和荧光光谱特征.结果表明,广州冬季气溶胶中HULIS的芳香性(SUVA254)、腐殖化程度(HIX)和光吸收效率(MAE365)均高于WSOC.利用EEM-PARAFAC从WSOC和HULIS解析出了类富里酸(C1)、类腐殖酸(C2)和类蛋白(C3)这3种荧光组分.其中类腐殖质组分(C1+C2)分别占WSOC和HULIS中总荧光组分的78%和85%,说明类腐殖荧光组分是WSOC和HULIS的最主要组成,且HULIS富集了更多的WSOC中主要的类腐殖组分.另外,灰霾期的WSOC和HULIS表现出更高的芳香性、腐殖化程度和C2组分,说明灰霾期有助于大分子量吸光性有机质的形成.相关性分析结果显示,WSOC和HULIS的C1组分相对含量与HIX、MAE365、OCsec、K+、SO_4~(2-)和NH_4~+呈现极显著的负相关关系,而C2与它们之间存在极显著的正相关关系.由此说明,WSOC和HULIS中C1的降低和C2的增加会引起它们的腐殖化程度和光吸收能力的增强;同时生物质燃烧排放和二次气溶胶过程可能有助于C2组分的增加. 相似文献
52.
The role of humic substances in chromium sorption onto natural organic matter (peat) 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
To elucidate mechanisms of Cr3+ sorption onto the unaltered solid natural organic matter, the comparative studies of this ion binding from a solution at pH 4.0 onto three selected particle size fractions: 2000–1000 μm, 630–200 μm and 63–20 μm of markedly different HS content and structure, separated by a wet sieving from an overall sample of peat (Brushwood Peat Humus) were carried out. Comparable patterns of COOH groups and CECt confirmed that for cation exchange capacity were responsible mainly cations connected with COO− functional groups. It was though found that aliphatic acids in the solid state did not take part in Cr3+ binding, thus the finest studied fraction 63–20 μm of the highest contents of functional groups showed the lowest sorption capacity for Cr3+, while similar patterns of sorbed Cr3+, soluble HS content and base CEC0 indicated that these parameters were directly interrelated. The base ion exchange processes determined by CEC0 (with Ca2+ as a predominant exchangeable cation) appeared to be not the major mechanisms responsible for Cr3+ sorption. For this metal, strong binding to insoluble large molecular weight organic pool two- to threefold prevailed over the ion exchange processes. Very low acid desorption indicated generally low mobility of Cr3+-organic compounds. 相似文献
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54.
Gang Yi Xinfei Fan Xie Quan Shuo Chen Hongtao Yu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):23
55.
Reduction of Cr(VI) by peat and coal humic substances 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Denis?M.?ZhilinEmail author Philippe?Schmitt-Kopplin Irina?V.?Perminova 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2004,2(3):141-145
The reduction of Cr(VI) by humic substances from leonardite and peat was investigated by capillary zone electrophoresis at various pHs. Both humic materials reduced Cr(VI) at pH 5.4, but not at basic pH. The capacity of leonardite humic substances to reduce Cr(VI) was lower than that of peat humic substances. Fe(III) accelerated the reduction of Cr(VI) by peat humic substances, but not by leonardite humic substances. Cr(VI) reduction mechanisms are proposed. The coal humic substances seem more suitable for remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated sites. 相似文献
56.
Dissolved Organic Matter in Forest Soils: Sources, Complexing Properties and Action On Herbaceous Plants 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A. T. Kuiters 《Chemistry and Ecology》1993,8(3):171-184
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important component of plant-soil systems. Its essential role in soil solution chemistry, soil-forming processes and its effects on biota, including soil fauna, bacteria, fungi and plants, is extensively documented in literature. in this contribution several forest leaf litter types are compared as sources of DOM and the released organics are subjected to gel permeation chromatography to reveal their molecular-size distribution. Moreover, complexing properties, as an indication for the podzolization potential of the litter leachates, were established. the occurrence and properties of DOM in different soil horizons were monitored beneath a stand of Scots pine. the effects of the different groups of soluble organics including phenolic, fulvic and humic acids, and of water-extractable humic substances on the performance of herbaceous plants of the forest floor are briefly reviewed. 相似文献
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59.
高铁铝矾土制备聚合氯化铝铁及其在污水处理中的应用研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
利用含铁的低品位铝矾土为主要原料,添加适量铝酸钙粉,制备出絮凝剂聚合氯化铝铁.制备方法为酸溶两步法.对影响聚合铝铁制备的因素,如盐酸浓度、盐酸用量、温度和铝酸钙粉用量等进行了系统研究,得到了制备聚合铝铁的优化条件,同时将该絮凝剂用于实际工业污水的处理.研究结果表明:制备的絮凝剂絮凝效果明显优于一些传统的絮凝剂;不仅具有去浊性能好、沉降快的优点,而且具有原料易得,制备成本低的优势. 相似文献
60.
超高交联吸附树脂对有机物质甲苯的吸附热力学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
比较了2种超高交联聚苯乙烯吸附树脂NDa99与ZH-04对甲苯的静态吸附行为.结果表明,在288~293 K和研究的浓度范围内,ZH-04、NDa99对甲苯的吸附平衡数据符合Freundlich和Langmuir吸附等温方程.吸附为放热过程,适当降低温度有利于吸附,并计算了甲苯在ZH-04和NDa99树脂上的吸附焓变、自由能变和熵变,对吸附行为进行了合理的解释,为废水处理提供一定的理论依据. 相似文献