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201.
Biodrying of municipal solid waste with high water content by combined
hydrolytic-aerobic technology 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The high water content of municipal solid waste(MSW)will reduce the effciency of mechanical sorting,consequently unfavorable for beneficial utilization.In this study,a combined hydrolytic-aerobic biodrying technology was introduced to remove water from MSW.The total water removals were proved to depend on the ventilation frequency and the temporal span in the hydrolytic stage. The ventilation frequency of 6 times/d was preferable in the hydrolytic stage.The hydrolytic span should not be prolonged more than ... 相似文献
202.
胞外聚合物与溶解性微生物产物的关系 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
通过活性污泥内源呼吸试验,发现胞外聚合物与溶解性微生物产物之间存在相互转化、吸附与被吸附的关系。内源呼吸初期(0~19h),bound EPS水解生成BAP,细胞自溶过程也释放部分SMP。19~43h,微生物利用SMP中易降解部分生成bound EPS和UAP,大分子量的SMP被bound EPS吸附,并存在一定程度的细胞水解。43~162h为SMP分泌、溶出阶段,内源呼吸加强,微生物脱氢酶活性几乎丧失,细胞水解、自溶。bound EPS表面出现SMP解吸-吸附的交替过程。162~210h期间bound EPS水解及细胞自溶为主要过程。并且产出的SMP可生物降解性较差,对微生物表现出毒性作用,抑制其脱氢酶活性,而在毒性环境下,微生物又产出更多的SMP。 相似文献
203.
文章研究了一体式膜生物反应器中环境条件对混合液粘度的影响,以及混合液粘度对膜过滤阻力的影响。试验结果表明:混合液的粘度主要是由胞外聚合物引起的;混合液粘度随着胞外聚合物含量的变化而变化;混合液粘度与各操作条件之间存在一定的关系U=1.586(MESS)^0.614T^-0.106(DO)^0.4697;混合液粘度与膜过滤阻力有较好的相关性。 相似文献
204.
污泥中蛋白质和多糖的分布对脱水性能的影响 总被引:13,自引:6,他引:7
为研究污泥中蛋白质和多糖的组成及空间分布对污泥可脱水性的影响,采用高温(55℃)及pH 10.0和pH 5.5控制条件,进行污泥水解酸化试验;通过离心和超声波法,对污泥中蛋白质和多糖在污泥粘液层、松散附着胞外聚合物层、紧密粘附胞外聚合物层及细胞相层的分布,并对污泥脱水性能(以毛细吸水时间表征)作了跟踪监测.结果表明,污泥中蛋白质和多糖主要分布在细胞相层.在酸性条件下(pH 5.5),污泥高温水解酸化(第0~15 d)使其毛细吸水时间比原污泥稍大,而最终(第20 d)稍低;在碱性条件下(pH 10.0)的污泥水解酸化,则使污泥毛细吸水时间远大于原污泥.统计分析结果表明,污泥脱水性能主要受粘液层的可溶性蛋白质和蛋白质/多糖影响,几乎不受污泥中的蛋白质、多糖和蛋白质/多糖及其它EPS层中的化学组分的影响. 相似文献
205.
Four batch experiments of hydrolysis and acidification were carried out to investigate the distributions of proteins (PN) and
polysaccharides (PS) in the sludge, the PN/PS ratio, the particle sizes, and their relationship with sludge dewaterability (as determined
by capillary suction time, CST). The sludge flocs were stratified through centrifugation- and ultrasound-based method into four
fractions: (1) slime, (2) loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS), (3) tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS), and (4) pellet.
The results showed that PN was mainly partitioned in the pellet (80.7%) and TB-EPS (9.6%) fractions, while PS distributed evenly in
the four fractions. During hydrolysis and acidification, PN was transferred from the pellet and TB-EPS fractions to the slime fraction,
but PS had no significant transfer trends. The mean particle sizes of the sludge flocs decreased with hydrolysis and acidification. The
pH had a more significant influence on the dewaterability of sludge flocs than temperature. Sludge dewaterability during hydrolysis
and acidification processes greatly deteriorated from 9.7 s at raw sludge to 340–450 s under alkaline conditions. However, it was just
slightly increased under acidic conditions. Further investigation suggested that CST was a ected by soluble PN, soluble PN/PS, and
particle sizes of sludge flocs, but was a ected slightly by total PN, PS, or PN/PS in the whole sludge flocs and other fractions (except
slime). 相似文献
206.
Effects of insoluble Zn, Cd, and EDTA on the growth, activities of antioxidant
enzymes and uptake of Zn and Cd in Vetiveria zizanioides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A root-bag experiment was conducted to study the effects of insoluble Zn, Cd and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the plant growth, activities of antioxidant enzymes, proline, glutathione (GSH), water-soluble proteins and malondialdehyde (MDA) of Vetiveria zizanioides, and its uptake capacity of Zn and Cd.The results showed that plant growth of V.zizanioides was inhibited by Zn and Cd.The shoot dry weight (SDW) and root dry weight (RDW) decrease by 0.3%, 8.0%, 9.4% and 10.4%, 15.1%, 24.2% compared to the control without EDTA addition, respectively.After adding EDTA, shoot and root dry weight decreased over 10% and 15% compared to results in the absence of EDTA, respectively.The toxicity from insoluble Zn and Cd in soil on SDW and RDW of V.zizanioides was in order: Zn+Cd > Cd > Zn.The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), and contents of MDA and proline significantly increased, while the contents of GSH and water-soluble proteins markedly decreased with increasing Zn and Cd toxicity.With EDTA, shoot and root Zn concentrations increased in the Zn treatment by 7.3% and 37.4% compared to the plants grown in absence of EDTA.Shoot and root Cd concentrations in the combined Zn and Cd treatment with EDTA increased by 18.6% and 391.9% compared to the treatment without EDTA.However, Zn and Cd concentrations in shoot and roots decreased in the Cd treatment compared to the plants grown in absence of EDTA, with exception of root Cd concentration in the presence of EDTA). 相似文献
207.
The effects of exogenous salicylic acid on growth and H2O2-metabolizing enzymes in rice seedlings under lead stress 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Salicylic acid (SA) was an essential component of the plant resistance to pathogens and also plays an important role in mediating plant response to some abiotic stress. The possible effects of SA on the growth and H2O2-metabolizing enzymes in rice seedlings under lead stress were studied. When rice seedlings grown in nutrient solution containing Pb^2+ (0, 0.05, 0.15, 0.25 mmol/L) for 18 d, the plant biomass as well as the chlorophyll content of leaves decreased with increasing Pb concentration. The pre-treatment with SA (treated with 0.1 mmol/L SA for 48 h before Pb stress) partially protected seedlings from Pb toxicity. The chlorophyll contents were significant higher in leaves of Pb-exposed with SA pre-treatment seedlings than in Pb-exposed plants at the same Pb intensity. SA pre-treated alone could significantly increase the length of shoot and root of seedlings but the vigour difference was not marked under long-term exposure to Pb toxicity. SA pre-treated influence the H2O2 level in leaves of seedlings by up-regulating the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), repressing the activity of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) depending on the concentrations of Pb^2+ in the growth medium. The results supported the conclusion that SA played a positive role in rice seedlings against Pb toxicity. 相似文献
208.
209.
210.
To investigate the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on anaerobic digestion and sludge dewaterability and further to probe into the
influencing factors on sludge dewaterability, sludge flocs were stratified into four fractions: (1) slime; (2) loosely bound extracellular
polymeric substances (LB-EPS); (3) tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS); and (4) EPS-free pellets. The results showed that ultrasonic
pretreatment increased the anaerobic digestion efficiency by 7%–8%. Anaerobic digestion without ultrasonic pretreatment deteriorated
the sludge dewaterability, with the capillary suction time (CST) increased from 1.42 to 47.3 (sec L)/g-TSS. The application of ultrasonic
pretreatment firstly deteriorated the sludge dewaterability (normalized CST increased to 44.4 (sec L)/g-TSS), while subsequent
anaerobic digestion offset this effect and ultimately decreased the normalized CST to 23.2 (sec L)/g-TSS. The dewaterability of
unsonicated sludge correlated with protein (p = 0.003) and polysaccharide (p = 0.004) concentrations in the slime fraction, while
that of sonicated sludge correlated with protein concentrations in the slime and LB-EPS fractions (p < 0.05). Fluorescent excitationemission
matrix analysis showed that the fluorescence matters in the LB-EPS fraction significantly correlated with sludge dewaterability
during anarobic digestion. 相似文献