沥青油毡屋面降雨径流污染物浓度历时变化研究

城市面源污染是我国水环境质量恶化的重要原因之一.屋面是城市下垫面的主要组成部分,因而屋面暴雨径流污染成为城市面源污染的重要来源.以北京市典型的文教区为例,在2004年对沥青油毡屋面径流水质进行了为期4个月的监测,指标包括pH、SS、COD、TN、TP、BOD5及Cu、Cr、Zn、Cd和Pb等重金属.监测结果表明,屋面径流水质污染比较严重,COD、TN和BOD5均值一般都超过地表水环境质量Ⅴ级标准;屋面初期径流污染物浓度大,随着降雨历时的延长,COD、TN、TP、BOD5及SS的浓度大幅度下降;污染物的起始浓度以及浓度达到稳定所需的时间随雨前晴天数的不同而有较大变化.屋面暴雨径流中的重金属浓度在整个降雨过程中均较低,而且随降雨历时的延长,其浓度变化较小.     

地震系统基层领导者如何做好有效决策之探讨

通过对重庆市黔江区小南海古地震遗址的保护的申报立项和综合开发问题的决策过程 ,从理论和实践两个方面论述了领导者应如何作出有效决策。主要是深入调查研究 ,找出关键问题 ;组织和依靠专家评审 ,选择最佳方案 ;合理冒险与避险 ,作出大胆决策。     

长江中下游大洪水与中强地震的相关性分析

1998年 ,长江流域发生了类似 195 4年的百年一遇全江性大洪水 ,1999年长江又发生了较大洪水。在上述背景下 ,长江中下游地区是否会发生中强震 ,需要进行认真的探讨。初步研究结果表明 ,长江大洪水之后 3年内 ,鄂、湘沿江地区中强地震受长江大洪水的“耦合振荡”作用较大。     

Earthquake-strengthening policy for commercial buildings in small-town New Zealand

New Zealand introduced a seismic retrofitting policy in the wake of the catastrophic Canterbury earthquakes of 2010–11. The aim was to enforce seismic strengthening of earthquake-prone commercial buildings throughout the country. This study focuses on regional urban centres and the economic obstacles to strengthening their aging building stock. In investigating one town, Whanganui, we describe conditions, analyse cases, and identify incentives that apply equally to many other towns in New Zealand. We argue that incentives that suit high-growth, high-value major urban centres are a poor fit for the periphery. Around the world, many places need to upgrade their privately-owned building stock to protect it from disasters, while governments face similar challenges as they struggle to initiate the strengthening of commercial buildings. We analyse the current incentive schemes that aim to support the achievement of policy goals and suggest alternative incentive schemes that can be implemented to improve strengthening outcomes.     

Electroreductive dechlorination of chlorophenols with Pd catalyst supported on solid electrode

Electroreductive dechlorination of chlorophenols with Pd catalyst supported on solidelectrode was studied. As solid electrodes, carbon cloth (CC), carbon felt (CF) and titanium mesh were used, and palladium was plated on solid electrodes by either electrolytic or electroless method. On each electrode with Pd, chlorophenols were qualitatively dechlorinated to phenol, while they were entirely intact on electrodes without Pd. Moreover, neither base electrode nor plating method significantly affected the activity of Pd as far as it was sufficiently loaded on the electrode. Based on the results in the experiments using one electrode repeatedly, Pd catalyst proved to possess a satisfactory duarability under the present condition. It was suggested that the reactive species responsinble for the dechlorination of chlorophenols could be formed during preliminary electrolysis. Thus, (Pd)_x-H resulting from the adsorption of electrogenerated hydrogen on metallic Pd might be assumed most probable.     

Electroreductive dechlorination of chlorophenols with Pd catalyst supported on solid electrode

Electroreductive dechlorination of chlorophenols with Pd catalyst supported on solidelectrode was studied. As solid electrodes, carbon cloth (CC), carbon felt (CF) and titanium mesh were used, and palladium was plated on solid electrodes by either electrolytic or electroless method. On each electrode with Pd, chlorophenols were qualitatively dechlorinated to phenol, while they were entirely intact on electrodes without Pd. Moreover, neither base electrode nor plating method significantly affected the activity of Pd as far as it was sufficiently loaded on the electrode. Based on the results in the experiments using one electrode repeatedly, Pd catalyst proved to possess a satisfactory duarability under the present condition. It was suggested that the reactive species responsinble for the dechlorination of chlorophenols could be formed during preliminary electrolysis. Thus, (Pd)_x-H resulting from the adsorption of electrogenerated hydrogen on metallic Pd might be assumed most probable.     

云南省峨山县高精度地温观测值与地震前兆异常

本文分析研究了峨山高精度地温观测值1998-2006年的正常、异常变化特征,玉溪及邻区破坏性地震前异常情况.结果表明:峨山高精度地温观测值的变化对观测点100 km范围内的M＞5.0级地震异常十分显著,多数地震在异常过程中或结束后发震,对于短期预测具有重要的科学意义.     

S波分裂方法在荣昌地震研究中的初步应用

简要介绍了S波分裂方法的基本理论,在地震分析研究中的计算方法,以及在荣昌地震研究中的一些初步应用.作者选取2003年1月至2005年10月重庆荣昌单台数字化波形,利用S波分裂方法进行处理,从而求得该地区不同时段应力的优势方向以及S波延迟时间,为地震预报和区域应力场研究提供有用信息.     

青海北部及邻近地区地震趋势研究

对青海北部及邻近地区1976年以来ML≥3.0地震进行了分析,得到了该区5级以上中强地震的活动规律,认为研究区内地震活动正处于第四个活跃期,下一次中强地震发生在柴达木地震带的可能性较大.     

邦腊掌温泉水氡水温地震异常特征研究

本文通过对云南省龙陵县邦腊掌温泉的水温和地下水含氡量变化的多年观测、分析和研究,阐述了邦腊掌温泉水氡和水温在地震发生前的短临异常形态特征以及在地震预报中的实例。