Processing and Characterization of Short-Fiber Reinforced Jute/Poly Butylene Succinate Biodegradable Composites: The Effect of Weld-Line

Fabrication of complex injection molded parts often involves the use of multiple gates. In such situations, polymer melts from different gates meld to form the molded part (weld line). This paper reports on the fabrication and characterization of the mechanical and morphological properties of short fiber reinforced jute/poly butylene succinate (PBS) biodegradable composites. The effect of a dual gated mold in the fabrication of welded specimens was a key focus of the investigation. It was observed that incorporation of jute fiber (10 wt%) conferred drastic changes on the stress–strain properties of the matrix as the elongation at break (EB), dropped from 160% in the matrix to just 10% in the composite. The tensile strength of the composite was lower than that of the matrix. However, it is noteworthy that the tensile modulus of the composite increased. Bending test also revealed that both bending strength and modulus increased with the incorporation of jute. Morphological studies of the tensile fracture surface using SEM revealed two types of failure mode. Ductile failure was indicated by plastic deformation at the initiation of fracture followed by brittle failure. The good interfacial bonding indicated between jute and PBS was attributed to positive interaction between the two polar polymers. A comparison of the non-weld and weld-line samples revealed that the weld-line composites have better mechanical integrity than the corresponding polymer matrix with weld line. The results also revealed that elongation at break and toughness are most sensitive to the presence of the weld-line whereas flexural properties are least sensitive.     

Role of Amino Acids on <Emphasis Type="Italic">In Situ</Emphasis> Photografting of Jute Yarn with 3-(Trimethoxysilyl) Propylmethacrylate

To improve the mechanical performance of natural lignocellulosic jute yarn, grafting with [3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate] (TMSPM) monomer has been performed on in situ UV radiation and optimized the monomer concentration (30%) and irradiation time (30 min). Effect of various amino acids (1%) as additives in TMSPM with photografted jute yarn at optimized system has been studied. The polymer loading (PL) and tensile properties like tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (Eb) of treated samples were enhanced by incorporation of amino acids and the highest properties (TS = 300% and Eb = 386%) achieved by the sample treated with l-Arginine (Arg) with 32.5% PL value. Weak acid like 3% acetic acid and inorganic acid like 1% sulfuric acid were also incorporated in the optimized system of TMSPM grafting and compared their effect on the tensile properties with amino acid treated samples. Water absorption and weathering resistance of treated and untreated samples were also performed and treated sample showed lesser water uptake as well as less weight loss and mechanical properties as compared to untreated samples.     

负载AsOB离子交换纤维FFA-1去除水中三价砷

对比两组填充了离子交换纤维FFA-1的固定床反应器（R1和R2）的运行处理效果,研究负载功能微生物的离子纤维组合工艺对不同浓度As（III）的去除能力.研究结果表明接种了三价砷氧化菌（AsOB）的R1能够长期稳定并高效地去除不同浓度（1~10 mg·L^-1）As（III）.未接种AsOB的R2反应器初期无法去除As（III）,随着微生物逐步侵入R2反应器,7 d后R2反应器As（III）去除率逐渐与R1接近.相对于一直稳定运行的R1反应器,每次提升进水中As（III）浓度后R2去除率呈现先下降后上升的趋势.同时,在运行过程中发现进水中NO₃^-和SO₄^2-等阴离子也会被R1和R2去除从而导致As（III）去除总量的下降.离子交换纤维FFA-1再生实验证实R1和R2中的纤维与原始的离子交换纤维FFA-1再生效果相当（再生率均达到90%以上）.进一步研究微生物种群结构在反应器中的变化发现离子交换纤维作为微生物载体可能是影响微生物种群结构的重要因素.本研究证实了功能微生物AsOB联合离子交换纤维可以作为一种高效去除地下水中三价砷的工艺,具有很好的应用前景.     

特警战训服面料开发技术研究

本文介绍了以芳纶纤维为主要材料的我国新一代特警战训服面料的技术研发及达到的主要性能指标。通过试验研究,开发了具有高强防撕裂、永久阻燃、耐高温、防静电、防油拒水、防酸碱等具有集成防护功能的特警战训服系列面料。     

防电磁波辐射的功能性服装

电磁波辐射已成为危害人类健康的第四大污染源，如何进行屏蔽是人们日益关注的问题，本文介绍了防电磁波辐射服装的功能及特点，提出了屏蔽服装今后的发展方向．     

电催化氧化降解大气中甲醛的研究

将有机废气通过高效微孔曝气转移到液相,采用活性碳纤维作为电极,研究不同鼓气速率和不同电压对处理效果的影响.结果表明,本方法适用于低浓度高气量有机废气的处理.在实验范围内,当曝气速率为20L·h-1,外加电压为5V的条件下,处理速率最稳定.     

炼油及腈纶废水污泥法(A/O)脱氮探讨

介绍了安庆石化总厂水质净化场的简况及试生产期间运行结果．并对该装置目前存在的主要问题进行分析和A／O脱氮的探讨，提出了相应的对策。     

物化-生化组合工艺处理化纤纺织品染色废水

采用物化 生化组合工艺处理化纤纺织品染色废水 ,结果表明 ,当进水COD为 2 50 0～ 550 0mg/L、色度为 6 0 0倍 ,BOD5 为 6 0 0～ 1 40 0mg/L时 ,COD去除率和BOD5 去除率均在 95%以上 ,脱色率可达 93% ,出水达到了排放标准。该工艺适合各种规模化纤纺织品染色厂的废水处理。     

活性炭纤维吸附废水中对硝基苯酚及其脱附研究

采用新型高效吸附剂——活性炭纤维吸附废水中对硝基苯酚，对其吸附和脱附影响因素进行了较详细的研究，确定了最佳工艺参数，并对动态吸附一脱附进行了稳定性实验。在最佳的吸附条件下，装填4g活性炭纤维可处理含对硝基苯酚1000mg/L的废水1400mL，出水对硝基苯酚浓度〈2mg／L，达到国家综合污水一级排放标准，活性炭纤维有效吸附量可达349．87mg／g。在最佳脱附条件下，脱附率〉99％，并可从高浓度脱附液中回收对硝基苯酚。稳定性实验表明，吸附-脱附性能稳定，采用活性炭纤维吸附处理对硝基苯酚废水是一种行之有效的处理方法。     

一种新型国产高效除尘滤筒在船厂分段涂装车间的应用

国产除尘滤材是将聚酯纤维热轧成型 ,再涂敷高分子发泡制成。滤材硬挺、耐压、抗撕裂 ,内部结构稳定 ,粉尘过滤精度高 ,实现表面过滤 ,易清灰再生 ,使用寿命长 ,耐水、酸、碱 ,可广泛用于各工业领域的气体净化和粉尘处理。大连新船重工集团把国产除尘滤材制成的滤筒配置到厂内原有的除尘系统中 ,通过 1年多的使用 ,获得非常满意的除尘效果。从而证明国产滤料性能已达到国际先进水平。