Assessment of the Usefulness of Semipermeable Membrane Devices for Long-Term Watershed Monitoring in an Urban Slough System

Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were deployed at eight sites within the Buffalo Slough, near Portland, Oregon, to (1) measure the spatial and seasonal distribution of dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and organochlorine (OC) compounds in the slough, (2) assess the usefulness of SPMDs as a tool for investigating and monitoring hydrophobic compounds throughout the Columbia Slough system, and (3) evaluate the utility of SPMDs as a tool for measuring the long-term effects of watershed improvement activities. Data from the SPMDs revealed clear spatial and seasonal differences in water quality within the slough and indicate that for hydrophobic compounds, this time-integrated passive-sampling technique is a useful tool for long-term watershed monitoring. In addition, the data suggest that a spiking rate of 2–5 μg/SPMD of permeability/performance reference compounds, including at least one compound that is not susceptible to photodegradation, may be optimum for the conditions encountered here.     

袋式除尘用过滤材料的性能测试与对比

针对袋式除尘用过滤材料选用时的低阻、高效要求,对PPS、P84、FMS9806、PPS覆膜、FMS9806覆膜、HBT等6种常用的过滤材料的过滤效率、过滤阻力等性能指标进行测试与对比.测试结果表明:HBT的过滤效率较高,仅次于FMS9806覆膜,且过滤阻力较低;FMS9806覆膜滤料的过滤效率明显高于其他过滤材料,但阻力也是最高的;其余过滤材料的过滤效率均低于这2种材料,同时阻力相对较高.     

影响生物滤池氧传递速率的几个因素

充足的氧气是进行好氧处理的保证,在传统的生物滤池中,靠的是自然通风供氧,供氧的好坏直接影响到生物滤池处理的效率.探讨了影响氧传递速率的因素,以供环境工程设计者参考.     

南钢炼铁厂4#高炉矿槽除尘系统的改造

从吸尘罩、系统管网、电改袋、卸输灰系统等方面介绍了南钢炼铁厂4#高炉矿槽除尘系统的改造情况,总结了4#高炉矿槽除尘系统改造的经验,为类似除尘系统的改造提供了范例.     

聚四氟乙烯覆膜滤料的特性与应用

介绍了覆膜滤料的特性与应用,覆膜滤料与传统滤料相比较所具有的优点.提出在许多复杂的烟气治理中应大力推广使用覆膜滤料以满足生产要求和达到日益严格的环保排放标准,从而改善环境质量,节能降耗.     

钙对酸雨胁迫下甜瓜幼苗质膜透性的影响

报道钙对酸雨协迫下甜瓜幼苗质膜透性的影响,实验结果表明,钙可明显降低质膜透性,具有防护质膜酸致损伤的良好作用,在本实验条件下,以３０ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＣａ（ＮＯ３）２连续处理２次（２４ｈ１次）的防护作用最佳,可能与钙能稳定质膜结构,提高ＣＡＴ的活力等多重生理作用有关。     

膜生物反应器水力停留时间的确定及其影响因素分析

根据微生物反应动力学模型,推导了分离式膜生物反应器水力停留时间公式,并以此公式为基础,分析与探了膜生物反应器的影响因素。分析结果表明,对膜生物反应器影响程度由大到小的因素为底物最大比降解速度常数Ｋ,饱和常数Ｋｓ,维持常数ｍ,真产率系数ＹＧ,最大比增殖速率μｍ,最后简化了水力停留时间公式,其简化形式为：Ｔ＝１．１×（１／β－１）（Ｋｓ＋Ｌ）／ＫＳ。     

苎麻脱胶废水喷淋锅炉烟气除尘脱硫降碱的实验研究

利用苎麻脱胶碱性废水喷淋锅炉烟气,可降低烟气中的粉尘、SO₂;采用中和碱性废水可节省原水膜除尘所耗的自来水。结果表明,碱性废水喷淋烟气对SO₂的脱除率是自来水喷淋效果的40倍,粉尘去除率高于自来水喷淋的33％,COD下降18％。为造纸、制药、印染等企业提供了碱性废水前处理新工艺。     

管式膜分离器净化含苯废气的研究

试验以管式硅橡胶膜分离器处理含苯废气,测定了在此种膜分离器中含有苯、二甲苯的废气对空气的分离因子,并推导出分离因子与流过管式膜分离器的气体雷诺数关系.低浓度含苯废气经膜分离使苯蒸气富集,然后加以回收或以催化燃烧方法处理。     

A semipermeable membrane equilibrator for halomethanes in seawater

An equilibrator for sampling the partial pressures of halomethanes in seawater was designed and built, incorporating semipermeable membrane tubing to carry the gas phase. The equilibrator was tested for its ability to equilibrate chloromethane, bromomethane, iodomethane, and CFC-11. The residence time required for these halomethanes to equilibrate in the tubing (30 to 60 s) was determined experimentally. In a laboratory test, concentrations calculated from equilibrator measurements and based on published solubility values were found to differ by 6% to 16% from concentrations measured with a purge-and-trap apparatus, but uncertainties in the solubility values are likely to contribute significantly to the differences. In a comparison at sea, no significant difference was found between the semipermeable membrane equilibrator and another, more conventional equilibrator, except a 1.3% difference for CFC-11. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using semipermeable membranes in this and related applications.