活性炭海绵动态膜生物反应器处理生活污水的研究

采用序批式活性炭海绵基材动态膜生物反应器处理模拟生活污水。在反应周期为6 h,好氧、厌氧时间比为2∶1,处理水量为18 L的条件下,讨论反应器及动态膜分别对COD、TN、NH3-N、TP的去除效果,并分析反应器中氮的去除机理。结果表明:活性炭海绵基材动态膜生物反应器对COD、TN、NH3-N和TP平均去除率分别为97.99%、84.24%、95.52%和78.94%,动态膜对COD、TN、NH3-N和TP平均去除率为8.96%4、.75%、1.30%和7.54%;好氧结束时,反应器中的氮主要以硝态氮形式存在,浓度稳定在16 mg/L左右,出水中的硝态氮和亚硝态氮平均含量相近,分别为4.10 mg/L和3.69 mg/L;滤饼层对浊度有很好的去除效果,稳定运行时出水浊度可降至2 NTU以下。     

Activated soil filters for removal of biocides from contaminated run-off and waste-waters

Building facades can be equipped with biocides to prevent formation of algal, fungal and bacterial films. Thus run-off waters may contain these highly active compounds. In this study, the removal of several groups of biocides from contaminated waters by means of an activated soil filter was studied.A technical scale activated vertical soil filter (biofilter) with different layers (peat, sand and gravel), was planted with reed (Phragmites australis) and used to study the removal rates and fate of hydrophilic to moderate hydrophobic (log K_ow 1.8-4.4) biocides and biocide metabolites such as: Terbutryn, Cybutryn (Irgarol® 1051), Descyclopropyl-Cybutryn (Cybutryn and Terbutryn metabolite), Isoproturon, Diuron, and its metabolite Diuron-desmonomethyl, Benzo-isothiazolinone, n-Octyl-isothiazolinone, Dichloro-n-octylisothiazolinone and Iodocarbamate (Iodocarb). Three experiments were performed: the first one (36 d) under low flow conditions (61 L m⁻² d⁻¹) reached removal rates between 82% and 100%. The second one was performed to study high flow conditions: During this experiment, water was added as a pulse to the filter system with a hydraulic load of 255 L m⁻² within 5 min (retention time <1 h). During this experiment the removal rates of the compounds decreased drastically. For five compounds (Cybutryn, Descyclopropyl-Cybutryn, Diuron, Isoproturon, and Iodocarb) the removal dropped temporarily below 60%, while it was always above 70% for the others (Terbutryn, Benzo-isothiazolinone, n-Octyl-isothiazolinone, Dichloro-n-octylisothiazolinone). However, this removal is a considerable improvement compared to direct discharge into surface waters or infiltration into soil without appropriate removal. In the last experiment the removal efficiencies of the different layers were studied. Though the peat layer was responsible for most of the removal, the sand and gravel layers also contributed significantly for some compounds. All compounds are rather removed by degradation than by sorption.     

Thermal removal of PCDD/Fs from medical waste incineration fly ash--effect of temperature and nitrogen flow rate

The fly ash used in this study was collected from a bag filter in a medical waste rotary kiln incineration system, using lime and activated carbon injection followed by their collection as mixed fly ash. Experiments were conducted on fly ash in a quartz tube, heated in a laboratory-scale horizontal tube furnace, in order to study the effect of temperature and nitrogen flow rate on the removal of PCDD/Fs. Results indicated that in this study PCDD/Fs in the fly ash mostly were removed and desorbed very little into the flue gas under thermal treatment especially when the heating temperature was higher than 350 °C, and dechlorination and destruction reactions took important part in the removal of PCDD/Fs. However, in terms of flow rate, when flow rate was higher than 4 cm s⁻¹, destruction efficiency of PCDD/Fs decreased dramatically and the main contributors were P₅CDF, H₆CDF and H₇CDF desorbed to flue gas, the PCDD/Fs in the fly ash decreased with enhanced flow rate.     

新力电厂袋式除尘器滤袋长寿命原因探讨

郑州新力电力有限公司5号炉电除尘器2003年改造为袋式除尘器,该除尘器的滤袋突破传统4年的使用寿命,已达到6年运行使用时间,经检测滤袋预期使用寿命至少还有6个月以上。着重介绍了袋式除尘器的设计、制造、安装、运行及维护管理等方面的经验,并分析研究了滤袋长寿命的成因。     

PTFE乳液涂层对针刺毡复合滤料过滤性能的改良

采用PTFE乳液对P84.PTFE混纺针刺毡复合滤料进行涂层整理,并将其与未经整理的试样进行VDI滤料过滤性能模拟测试,进而阐述PTFE乳液涂层对该复合滤料过滤性能的影响。     

半干法烟气脱硫袋式除尘器设计初探

介绍了半干法烟气脱硫工艺及脱硫后烟尘的特点,针对半干法脱硫后烟尘的特点,袋式除尘器设计时采取了一系列的技术措施,从而保证了脱硫系统的正常运行。     

袋式除尘器运行中常见问题浅析

已广泛应用于各行业中的袋式除尘器在运行中存在如滤袋损坏、结露、箱体破损、运行阻力高、清灰装置失灵等诸多问题,本文就袋式除尘器在实际运行中存在的问题进行了详细的分析讨论。     

浅谈国内柴油机排放过滤器的应用

简述了我国应对机动车污染防治的概况;针对柴油车污染后处理装置,指出流通式或部分流通式过滤器不能有效降低柴油车排气中的微粒数量,对微粒质量的降低比例也仅在50%左右,而壁流式微粒过滤器对超细微粒的分离效率超过90%,能有效解决超细微粒对公众健康的危害。     

立式磨和袋式除尘器在矿渣粉磨系统中的应用

阐述了矿渣微粉的应用、粉磨工艺和设备现状,并对立式磨生产工艺、立式磨结构和工作原理、袋式除尘器结构和工作原理等进行了重点介绍,分析了工程应用实例,认为国产立式磨和袋式除尘器可为矿渣粉磨的节能减排提供可靠的技术和设备保障。     

异波折板水解酸化-A2O一体化反应器实验研究

设计了异波折板水解酸化-A2O一体化反应器,进行生活污水处理的实验研究。10个月的实验结果表明,系统的最佳水力停留时间（HRT）为8 h时,最适COD进水浓度为240-100mg/L,最佳混合液回流比（r）-污泥回流比（R）为250%-100%。控制反应器于以上运行参数下,25±2℃所对应的COD、TN和TP去除率分别为96.84%、67.55%和81.92%。当温度降至7℃时,其COD、TP和TN分别降至86.35%、50.25%和65.68%。基于实验分析结果,阐明了一体化反应器高效性的机理在于异波折板水解酸化段具有高效传质特性和A2O段具有复合式活性污泥-接触氧化好氧池的特点。