应用CAMEO软件包预测聚合反应器丙烯泄漏影响范围

为了能够准确地预测聚合反应器发生泄漏时丙烯的扩散分布,提高应急救援工作效率,应用CAMEO软件包进行预测,通过该软件包中ALOHA、MARPLOT软件连用,解决了量化和图形显示问题。     

高磷赤铁矿选矿酸性废水处理的试验研究

文章采用自主开发的原位生成型动态膜反应器对高磷赤铁矿选矿酸性废水处理进行了实验研究。实验研究结果表明:选矿酸性废水除磷效果与脱磷剂的投加量、速度梯度(G值)、反应时间及pH等因素有关。对于pH2.25~2.56、含磷50mg/L的模拟选矿废水,最佳反应时间1h,速度梯度(G值)63.6,脱磷剂最佳投加量为11.25g/L,废水脱磷率92.47%。选矿酸性废水处理后出水pH升高,不利于实现废酸全部回用。     

Effcient degradation of lube oil by a mixed bacterial consortium

A laboratory study was performed to assess the biodegradation of lube oil in bio-reactor with 304# stainless steel as a biofilm carrier. Among 164 oil degrading bacterial cultures isolated from oil contaminated soil samples, Commaonas acidovorans Px1, Bacillus sp. Px2, Pseudomonas sp. Px3 were selected to prepare a mixed consortium for the study based on the e ciency of lube oil utilization. The percentage of oil degraded by the mixed bacterial consortium decreased slightly from 99% to 97.2% as the concentration of lube oil was increased from 2000 to 10,000 mg/L. The degradation of TDOC (total dissolved organic carbon) showed a similar tendency compared with lube oil removal, which indicated that the intermediates in degradation process hardly accumulated. Selected mixed bacterial consortium showed their edge compared to activated sludge. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photos showed that biofilms on stainless steel were robust and with a dimensional framework constructed by EPS (extracellular polymeric substances), which could promote the biodegradation of hydrocarbons. The increase of biofilm followed first-order kinetics with rate of 0.216 g glucose/(cm2 day) in logarithm phase. With analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with removal of lube oil and TDOC, mixed bacterial consortium could degrade benzene and its derivatives, aromatic ring organic matters with a percentage over 97%.     

Comparative study of microbial community structure in different filter media of constructed wetland

Comparisons of microbial community structure, in eight filter media of zeolites, anthracite, shale, vermiculite, ceramic filter media, gravel, steel slag and bio-ceramic, were undertaken by analyzing the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) composition. A total of 20 fatty acids in the range of C_(11) to C_(20) were determined but only 13 PLFAs were detected in steel slag. They consist of saturated fatty acids, branched fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The variation of fatty acids was revealed in the relative proportions of these fatty acids in different media. The aerobic prokaryotes were the predominant group in all media. The PLFA composition showed significant differences among the eight different media by Tukey's honestly test. It was found that steel slag was significantly different in the microbial community as compared to other filter media, probably due to its alkaline effluent. Steel slag alone is probably not a good choice of substratum in constructed wetlands. The principle components analysis (PCA) showed that zeolites, bio-ceramic, shale and vermiculite had a similar microbial community structure while steel slag and ceramic filter media were distinct from other media.     

BAF中多相流运动与处理效能关系的研究

曝气生物滤池(BAF)是近年来发展的一种新型污水处理技术,它具有工艺简单、占地节省、有机负荷与水力负荷高、投资较少等优点,特别适用于我国资金短缺的中小城镇分散型污水的处理。文章采用数值模拟与实验分析的方法研究前人较少涉及的BAF中气液两相流的相关规律,揭示流场形态与溶解氧的关系,并分析对反应器处理效能的影响。实验结果表明,纵横比、气体流速、曝气孔径三种因素均能改变流场形态,并且单位体积内气泡数量多、漩涡结构发展充分、气液两相混合充分的流场能使得污水处理效率得到提升。     

气箱式脉冲喷吹袋式除尘器清灰系统主要技术参数的确定

为了揭示气箱式脉冲袋式除尘器的清灰机理,应用压缩气体流动能量方程,推导出滤袋表面的反向清灰风速教学表达式;根据袋式除尘器实验模型测定的数据,得出了剥离力与粉尘剥离率之问的关系式,并在此基础上提出了清灰系统设计方法;应用气体射流理论得到了脉冲喷吹质量流量、喷吹口直径、空压机供气压力和供气量的计算公式.结果表明,在粉尘负荷一定的条件下,给定预期的剥离率,可以得到所必需的反向清灰风速和喷吹气体流量,据此可以确定清灰系统的主要技术参数.     

多功能富氧净水器在养殖领域的研究与应用

多功能富氧净水器的研究,采用聚丙烯微孔滤膜、复合活性炭纤维、酸性洗涤纤维及复合炭粒作为过滤吸附材料,并采用三碘树脂杀菌剂和载银活性炭复合杀菌剂进行灭菌,应用"综合过滤渗透法"的机理,将净化、矿化、灭菌、增氧等有机结合并进行反复的研究和试验,有效去除了水中微生物、污染物,降低化学需氧量和水的硬度,达到净化水质,增加水中溶解氧等预期效果,成功的应用在水产养殖等领域。     

上流式曝气生物滤池两种填料启动挂膜的试验研究

在相同运行条件下,对瓷粒和陶粒2种不同填料曝气生物滤池（BAF）的启动运行进行了实验研究,考察了不同填料在挂膜过程中CODCr和NH4^＋-N的去除效果及出水NO2^--N和NO3^--N质量浓度的变化。结果表明,在常温下（20～25℃）2种填料的所需的启动时间差异较大,陶粒填料所需时间为17d,而瓷粒填料别需37d。启动挂膜过程中,两者对CODCr和NH4^＋-N可达到基本相同的去除率,但所需运行时间差异较大,陶粒BAF较之瓷粒BAF稳定,且硝化效果好于瓷粒BAF．     

浅议污水处理厂的节能

系统地介绍并分析了污水处理厂流程中各个处理构筑的能耗情况,并针对各个构筑物提出有效的节能途径。指出了常用的污水好氧处理能耗过高的突出问题,建议改用能耗低造价低的好氧过滤等处理方法。污水再生利用也是解决污水处理能耗高的途径之一。     

气水冲洗滤池的设计优化

气水冲洗滤池是目前广泛使用的滤池池型。由于气水冲洗滤池的配水配气系统较常规滤复杂,且在我国推广应用的时间不长,因此在设计过程中有一些细节因素容易被忽略,部分水厂的实际运行效果并不理想。结合工程实例,对如何优化滤池的设计进行了详细地阐述与剖析。