A/O生化池和BAF生物滤池的组合应用

较为全面地介绍了A/O生化池和BAF生物滤池两级生化合并的应用原理和效果,对两级生化的进出水水质进行了分析,并对系统运行中存在的问题进行了阐述。     

Thermal removal of PCDD/Fs from medical waste incineration fly ash--effect of temperature and nitrogen flow rate

The fly ash used in this study was collected from a bag filter in a medical waste rotary kiln incineration system, using lime and activated carbon injection followed by their collection as mixed fly ash. Experiments were conducted on fly ash in a quartz tube, heated in a laboratory-scale horizontal tube furnace, in order to study the effect of temperature and nitrogen flow rate on the removal of PCDD/Fs. Results indicated that in this study PCDD/Fs in the fly ash mostly were removed and desorbed very little into the flue gas under thermal treatment especially when the heating temperature was higher than 350 °C, and dechlorination and destruction reactions took important part in the removal of PCDD/Fs. However, in terms of flow rate, when flow rate was higher than 4 cm s⁻¹, destruction efficiency of PCDD/Fs decreased dramatically and the main contributors were P₅CDF, H₆CDF and H₇CDF desorbed to flue gas, the PCDD/Fs in the fly ash decreased with enhanced flow rate.     

Activated soil filters for removal of biocides from contaminated run-off and waste-waters

Building facades can be equipped with biocides to prevent formation of algal, fungal and bacterial films. Thus run-off waters may contain these highly active compounds. In this study, the removal of several groups of biocides from contaminated waters by means of an activated soil filter was studied.A technical scale activated vertical soil filter (biofilter) with different layers (peat, sand and gravel), was planted with reed (Phragmites australis) and used to study the removal rates and fate of hydrophilic to moderate hydrophobic (log K_ow 1.8-4.4) biocides and biocide metabolites such as: Terbutryn, Cybutryn (Irgarol® 1051), Descyclopropyl-Cybutryn (Cybutryn and Terbutryn metabolite), Isoproturon, Diuron, and its metabolite Diuron-desmonomethyl, Benzo-isothiazolinone, n-Octyl-isothiazolinone, Dichloro-n-octylisothiazolinone and Iodocarbamate (Iodocarb). Three experiments were performed: the first one (36 d) under low flow conditions (61 L m⁻² d⁻¹) reached removal rates between 82% and 100%. The second one was performed to study high flow conditions: During this experiment, water was added as a pulse to the filter system with a hydraulic load of 255 L m⁻² within 5 min (retention time <1 h). During this experiment the removal rates of the compounds decreased drastically. For five compounds (Cybutryn, Descyclopropyl-Cybutryn, Diuron, Isoproturon, and Iodocarb) the removal dropped temporarily below 60%, while it was always above 70% for the others (Terbutryn, Benzo-isothiazolinone, n-Octyl-isothiazolinone, Dichloro-n-octylisothiazolinone). However, this removal is a considerable improvement compared to direct discharge into surface waters or infiltration into soil without appropriate removal. In the last experiment the removal efficiencies of the different layers were studied. Though the peat layer was responsible for most of the removal, the sand and gravel layers also contributed significantly for some compounds. All compounds are rather removed by degradation than by sorption.     

多孔矿物载体厌氧固定床处理有机废水研究

通过天然浮石和塑料多孔空心球而制成复合式多孔矿物载体应用于厌氧固定床反应器中,研究反应器挂膜性能,以及处理生活污水、啤酒废水效果,应用扫描电镜观察生物膜微生物相的形态结构.结果表明,反应器挂膜69 d后COD去除率稳定在70%以上,初次启动成功;处理生活污水中平均COD去除率为61.72%;处理啤酒废水中COD去除率高...     

同步硝化反硝化工艺中DO浓度对N2O产生量的影响

采用序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR),在连续曝气全程好氧的运行条件下,考察不同溶解氧浓度对同步硝化反硝化脱氮性能及N2O产量的影响.控制溶解氧浓度恒定在1、2、2.5和3 mg/L.结果表明,DO为2 mg/L和2.5 mg/L时,氨氮去除率分别为97.9%和98.5%,同步硝化反硝化率均为99%.DO为2 mg/L时,...     

IC厌氧反应器处理有机废水启动实验研究

设计了一套IC反应器装置,接种啤酒厂生产废水消化污泥,采用人工配水对其进行启动运行,考察了IC反应器的启动运行状况、效果及影响因素,并在反应器运行结束后观察了污泥状态的变化.结果表明,容积负荷提高至4.7 kg/(m3·d),出水COD浓度稳定在250 mg/L左右,去除率维持在85%以上,反应器内出现污泥分层现象,颗...     

一体化A/O生物膜反应器脱氮特性研究

采用新型的一体化A/O生物膜反应器,对生活污水进行脱氮处理实验.研究了溶解氧(DO)质量浓度对硝化和反硝化作用的影响,并对反应器的脱氮特性和降解机理进行了探讨.结果表明:DO对一体化A/O反应器脱氮影响较大,随着好氧区DO的增加,NH3-N和TN的去除率相应增加.当DO为2～4 mg/L时,发生同步硝化反硝化作用,NH...     

化学混凝-两级BAF工艺处理低温城市污水中试研究

以大庆东城污水处理厂进水为实验原水,采用化学混凝-两级曝气生物滤池(BAF)组合工艺进行现场中试研究(12 m3/d),重点考察了在化学混凝的强化作用下,曝气生物滤池工艺对低温城市污水中有机物、氮和磷等污染物的净化效能。实验结果表明,单独采用两级曝气生物滤池工艺,当原水COD、NH3-N、TN和TP的平均浓度分别为45...     

新型电袋复合除尘器性能研究

为了提高布袋除尘器对细微粒子的捕集效率,同时降低压力损失,提出了一种新型的电袋复合除尘器,并利用这种新型的除尘器对2 500目的超细滑石粉进行了实验研究。通过普通布袋过滤、电袋复合过滤的对比实验研究,得到了电场强度、气布比、压损、清灰周期和除尘效率等参数的变化规律。实验结果表明,使用新型的复合除尘器过滤粉尘时,粉尘在进入袋室之前就被荷电,通过在滤料表面施加较强的静电场,使得被处理粉尘在滤料的表面有序堆积和排列,能有效地降低压力损失,提高过滤风速,除尘效率均达到97%以上。Vf=3.5 m/min,U=12.3 kV时,新型复合除尘器与普通布袋过滤相比压力损失降低了90 Pa;PM2.5的捕集效率提高了5.9%;清灰周期从10 min延长至36 min。     

ABR＋SBR组合工艺处理食堂污水研究

实验针对某大学学生食堂污水进行处理,采用由厌氧折流板反应器（ABR）和序批式活性污泥法反应器（SBR）组合工艺的处理系统。结果表明,在ABR流量为3 L/h（HRT=10.7 h）,以及SBR曝气时间为10 h的条件下,系统处理效果最佳,对于进水流量为3 L/h,温度约为23℃,TN浓度为15 mg/L,TP浓度为2....