Chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn in stormwater, roadway dust and stormwater pond sediments

This study evaluated the chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn from source to deposition in a stormwater system. Cu and Zn concentrations and chemical fractionation were determined for roadway dust, roadway runoff and pond sediments. Stormwater Cu and Zn concentrations were used to generate cumulative frequency distributions to characterize potential exposure to pond-dwelling organisms. Dissolved stormwater Zn exceeded USEPA acute and chronic water quality criteria in approximately 20% of storm samples and 20% of the storm duration sampled. Dissolved Cu exceeded the previously published chronic criterion in 75% of storm samples and duration and exceeded the acute criterion in 45% of samples and duration. The majority of sediment Cu (92-98%) occurred in the most recalcitrant phase, suggesting low bioavailability; Zn was substantially more available (39-62% recalcitrant). Most sediment concentrations for Cu and Zn exceeded published threshold effect concentrations and Zn often exceeded probable effect concentrations in surface sediments.     

采用浅水盘加湿方式实现低温高湿应力

目前运用最为广范的加湿方法是利用浅水盘加湿,根据其加湿原理分析,浅水盘加湿方法一般只能控制在常温以上的湿度。本文介绍一种方法,结合湿度原理在不对设备进行改造的情况下实现了低温高湿的试验应力。同时,反应出国外某些先进设备对试验风险的完善考虑。     

生态塘技术特点及应用实例

用生态塘系统工艺处理石化废水,分析青肯泡石化废水生态处理系统和山东省东营市污水处理与利用生态系统的工程实例。工程运行结果显示:生态塘系统处理石化废水效果显著,出水分别达到GB 18918-2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》二级和1A标准,生态塘系统处理石化废水具有投资少、维护和运行费用低、可改善和恢复生态环境等优点,是一种低成本高效益的生态工程技术。     

Reproductive ecology of the pond turtle (Emys orbicularis L.) in the Northeastern part of the species range

In Belarussian Polesye, characteristics of reproduction, population dynamics, and factors responsible for a decrease in the abundance of the pond turtle were studied. The main factors limiting pond turtle reproduction in Polesye include the focal distribution of its populations and limited areas of reproductive biotopes. The pond-turtle popuation itself is characterized by a high potential for reproductive growth; in the current situation, the population growth is mainly limited by a high pressure of oophagous predators and anthropogenic destruction of reproductive sites.     

某铀尾矿库周围农田土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险评价

为能够定量评价铀尾矿库周围农田土壤重金属污染程度及其潜在生态危害性,采用Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法对土壤中重金属进行综合污染评价。结果表明,铀尾矿库周围部分农田土壤中重金属Cd、Ni、As、Cu、Hg、Zn含量存在积累和超标情况,尤以Cd的污染最严重,Ni、As次之;Pb、Cr含量能够满足标准限值要求。潜在生态风险评价结果显示,铀尾矿库周围农田土壤重金属潜在生态风险较高,主要潜在生态风险因子为Cd,其次是Hg、As,Cr、Pb、Ni、Cu、Zn并不构成潜在生态风险。铀尾矿库周围农田土壤中较高水平的Cd在构成环境污染的同时,也构成了较严重的生态危害,应加强对重金属Cd、Hg的生态风险防治。     

围垦养殖与退塘还湿对闽江河口湿地土壤铁碳结合特征的影响

为探究围垦养殖与退塘还湿对河口湿地土壤铁-碳结合特征的影响,本研究选择福建省闽江河口天然湿地、养殖塘以及退塘还湿样地为研究对象,对3个类型中的土壤铁结合态有机碳(Fe-OC)及其相关指标进行测定与分析.结果显示：(1)湿地围垦养殖显著影响土壤Fe-OC含量,其含量在退塘还湿后有所回升;(2)土壤氧化还原过程显著影响土壤中铁相的转化,湿地围垦后土壤中无定形态铁(Fe_o)与络合态铁(Fe_p)含量显著下降(p<0.05),而退塘还湿后土壤中游离态铁(Fe_d)含量显著下降(p<0.05);(3)养殖塘复湿初期,土壤总有机碳(SOC)含量低于养殖塘,且3样地中土壤Fe-OC均主要以吸附途径结合,其在土壤总有机碳中的占比为4.25%～7.85%;(4)土壤Fe-OC含量与土壤SOC、Fe_p、氧化铁的络合度呈显著正相关(p<0.01),与土壤Fe_o含量呈显著正相关(p<0.05),土壤容重和pH是影响土壤Fe-OC含量的重要环境因素.湿地围垦养殖与退塘还湿能够显著影响...     

曝气池中噬菌体分布及作用的研究

噬菌体是广泛分布于自然界的细菌病毒,由于它在寄主、分布、耐受性等方面与某些致病、致癌病毒基本一致,以及单链核酸噬菌体专一雄性感染方式等特点,近年来在环境科学中正获得愈来愈多的应用。例如噬菌体被用来预测农作物中细菌病原菌的曝发;作为生活用水的污染指标和江河湖泊水流流速、流向的追踪剂。 在污水处理站曝气池中的生态学研究中多年来科学工作者广泛研究了微型动物、真菌、放线菌、酵母和细菌的分类、分布以及它们之间的相互作用。其中不论从数量上、种类     

凤眼莲净化含酚污水的研究——Ⅰ.盆栽和氧化塘试验及几种环境条件对除酚的影响

通过盆栽、模拟箱和氧化塘中凤眼莲净化含酚污水的试验表明:放养凤眼莲能使除酚过程加快,在0.6—10mg/L酚浓度范围内,植物净化速率为一般自然净化速率的2—3倍。在温度17—37℃范围内,凤眼莲均能明显加速酚水的净化。光照强度对凤眼莲净化酚水速率无显著影响。平衡地提高水中矿质营养元素的浓度,能加速除酚的过程。 水中含酚量小于1mg/L不造成植株中酚的残留;6mg/L以下酚含量增加亦不明显;10mg/L以上则随酚浓度的提高,植株中酚含量成倍增加。     

Phosphorus sorption capacities in a headstream landscape—The pond chain structure

Introduction The nonpoint source P pollutants play a significant role in eutrophication processes in the southeast of China. Nonpoint sources pollution from agricultural regions account for more than half of the phosphorus load in many water bodies (Linke…     

新沂河污水资源化生态工程可行性研究

新沂河污水资源化生态工程是以蔷薇河送清水工程为依托 ,将新沂河北偏泓作为排污专道 ,排污专线可构建成为五级河道稳定塘。其技术路线是控源导流 ,清污分流 ,通过河道稳定塘来自然降解城市污水。本文以科学的预测数据论证了工程的可行性。