对挥发性有机废气治理技术的研究

针对挥发性有机废气治理技术,介绍了挥发性有机物及其危害,主要包括对挥发性有机物的介绍、VOCs对环境的危害,同时介绍了VOCs的来源,挥发性有机废气对环境和人类产生的严重危害,文章阐述了挥发性有机物的来源及危害,然后对有机废气的技术原理及应用进行了介绍,主要有回收法和分解法两种方法,其中有吸附法、吸收法、冷凝法、膜分离技术和燃烧法、生物法、电晕法、生化法的开发应用.     

高炉炉顶煤气中HCl气体脱除的试验研究

高炉炉顶煤气中HCl气体会加速TRT叶片和煤气管道腐蚀。脱除高炉炉顶煤气中HCl气体可以采用石灰石、轻烧石灰石、Na_2CO_3和KOH作为脱氯剂的活性组分,脱氯剂粒度控制为3~6 mm、脱氯剂料层厚度控制为200 mm以上并适当提高煤气温度来改善高炉煤气中HCl气体的脱除过程。     

烟气调质技术在近零排放机组中的研究与应用

为了满足燃煤机组烟尘近零排放的要求,采用烟气调质技术对电除尘器的除尘效率进行升级提效是一种有效的方式,尤其是针对燃用高比电阻煤种的燃煤电厂。从烟气调质技术的基本理论入手,研究烟气调质对除尘提效的主要影响因素,并介绍了常用的3种烟气调质技术,SO_3调质、水调质和低低温电除尘器的原理与实际应用,并论述了不同烟气调质技术取得的效果和所存在的问题。     

规模化人工湿地的温室气体释放通量

基于规模化人工湿地工程——武河湿地的野外原位监测试验,采用静态箱-气相色谱法研究了人工湿地中温室气体(N₂O、CH₄和CO₂)释放特征与规律. 结果表明,武河湿地工程的N₂O和CH₄平均释放通量分别为14.35和35.54 mg/(m2·d),表现为N₂O、CH₄的释放源,但其释放通量低于城市污水处理厂;湿地(主要包括水体和土壤生物呼吸)的CO₂平均释放通量为2 889.4 mg/(m2·d). 人工湿地沿程N₂O、CH₄和CO₂释放特征有所不同,平均释放通量呈先升后降规律,在布水渠处N₂O释放通量最大,为51.92 mg/(m2·d);而6#溢流堰处CH₄释放通量最大,为182.03 mg/(m2·d). 人工湿地中温室气体释放亦具有明显的季节变化规律,表现为春夏季高于秋冬季.      

热解析-脉冲低温等离子体集成系统脱汞研究

热解析-脉冲低温等离子体集成处理系统是专门针对典型含汞废物安全处置而开发的,可以同时有效控制汞等多种复合气体污染物。通过检测热解炉后烟气中和等离子体反应器入口、出口气体中Hg0和Hg2+浓度,研究汞的价态转化及添加剂对脱汞效果的影响。结果表明:热解烟气中Hg2+/HgT为17%~45%,Hg0/HgT为55%~83%,热解温度主要影响汞价态分布,WMC添加量主要影响汞浓度值;加入添加剂会促进汞的脱除,但添加剂过量不利于汞的氧化;热解炉中添加50 g WMC和5 g升华硫添加剂时,反应器内Hg0氧化率和总汞损失率分别可达55%和42%。该研究可以为探索新型含汞废物处置工艺,实现含汞废物深度净化提供新思路。     

Carbon footprint in corporate logistics operations in the food sector

Global warming is negatively affecting the environment of the planet. This situation has led to the development of international standards, such as the International Organisation for Standardization's DIS 14064‐1 and the Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Standard, both of which measure corporate carbon footprints. These standards provide guidelines that can be applied to different organizational sectors. However, these are not sufficient for controlling the reduction of carbon emissions, because although they propose the use of indicators, they do not explicitly define them. In addition, in the case of emissions from wastewater treatment, they only suggest that the emissions associated with this process be considered. In the present study, an eight‐step, unified methodology based on these two international standards is proposed, focusing on direct emissions. Moreover, the step‐by‐step to data collection, calculations, and the required indicators to control the emissions are defined. The first scope considers direct emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by the company. Methane generation measurement from wastewater treatment has been included in the methodology within Scope 1, as it is the second most polluting gas after carbon dioxide, both of which give rise to global warming. The proposed methodology was tested as a case study in one of the most important companies in the food sector in Colombia.     

Local governance of greenhouse gas emissions from air travel

Global greenhouse gas emissions from air travel (GHG-A) are on the rise, and projections point towards a rapid growth in the coming decades. This study aims to examine how local government (cities), addresses GHG-A in their Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAP). To fulfil this aim, over 200 SEAPs were analysed focusing on three issues: (1) Treatment of GHG-A in local emissions inventories; (2) Policy initiatives within this domain; and (3) The cities’ perceptions of the conflicts of interests. Results showed that more than half of the cities acknowledge the challenge of GHG-A, around one third include GHG-A in their emissions inventories, and more than one quarter have initiated policy interventions. To categorise these interventions, we have added a mode ‘governing by agenda setting’ to an existing analytical framework, ‘Modes of governing’. With their authority limited to the local setting, this mode of governing is a common channel for cities to push changes at higher levels.     

燃煤锅炉烟气中SO_3的生成、危害及控制技术研究进展

SO_3是燃煤锅炉烟气中的污染物之一,会造成烟气酸露点升高、空气预热器堵塞腐蚀、"烟羽"现象等,并且降低选择性脱硝催化剂的活性和锅炉的脱汞效率,危害设备安全和大气环境。介绍了燃煤锅炉中SO_3的主要生成途径、危害、控制方法以及SO_3的控制政策。用于燃煤锅炉中SO_3的控制方法有降低燃煤硫含量,采用ROFA燃烧技术,炉内喷碱性吸收剂,炉后喷碱性吸收剂,除尘器前喷氨和使用湿式电除尘器等。     

煤层瓦斯压力探测新技术在寺河煤矿瓦斯防治中的应用

寺河矿属于高瓦斯矿井,是煤层气综合开发的主要矿井之一,其煤层气开发主要分两部分,即地面煤层气井抽采与井下煤层钻孔抽采.抽采环节中对煤矿瓦斯的防治是煤矿安全生产的重要前提.本文探讨了煤层瓦斯压力探测新技术--煤层瓦斯原位探测仪在该煤矿瓦斯防治中的具体运用,该探测技术可以高效地检验瓦斯抽放效果,从而为预防瓦斯突出提供科学依...     

碱厂白泥在电厂烟气脱硫中的工业化实践

白泥治理和综合利用是氨碱厂的一大技术难题。白泥用于电厂烟气脱硫既可以消化废弃物白泥,又可以削减二氧化硫的排放,可实现"以废治废",并可取得环境效益和经济效益的双赢。本文在对白泥的产生、性状以及青岛碱厂白泥成分和粒度特征进行分析的基础上,对比了国内外制碱企业对于白泥的处置方法,并在华电青岛发电有限公司1#发电机组进行了白泥烟气脱硫工业化试验,结果表明:白泥脱硫效率大幅度提高,稳定在90%以上;同时也减少了电厂海水和曝气风机的使用,达到了节能减排的效果。