冷冻胶粉粒度对橡胶胶料力学性能的影响

研究了冷冻胶粉粒度对橡胶胶料力学性能的影响,发现添加冷冻胶粉会使胶料的力学性能下降,胶粉粒度越大,胶料性能下降的程度越严重。同时还发现,薄通处理可以改善胶粉的表面活性,减轻胶粉粒度对胶料性能的影响,改善胶料的力学性能。     

用废橡胶制备沥青再生剂的实验

为了实现废物资源综合利用,以橡胶对沥青的性能改善为基础,以废橡胶为原料,在轻组分助剂介质中采用微波降解和助溶处理技术制备沥青再生剂.通过正交实验设计,以再生沥青的针入度、延度、旋转薄膜烘箱老化(RTFOT)后的针入度比及残留延度为评价指标确定了再生剂原材料的合理配比及工艺条件,并进行了再生剂的效果试验.研究表明,最佳配比及条件为增塑剂DOP 40%,芳香油分糠醛抽出油40%,废橡胶粉20%,抗老剂添加量为以上总量的0.5%,微波功率为900 W,处理时间为10 min.再生效果试验表明,10%的再生剂用量可以有效补充老化沥青缺失的组分,恢复其胶体结构及流变性能.     

十年来我国废旧橡胶(轮胎)利用专利及启示

党和政府近几年来,高度重视知识产权建设和保护工作.废旧橡胶利用(含轮胎翻新)是再生资源利用重点行业之一.从数据库中选取2009-2019年废旧橡胶行业专利申请情况,并根据行业现状进行分类整理和分析研究,有针对性地提出行业知识产权建设和保护工作的若干建议.在引起废旧橡胶利用(含轮胎翻新)行业重视基础上,进一步推动再生资源...     

Mechanism insight into the formation of H2S from thiophene pyrolysis: A theoretical study

• Possible formation pathways of H₂S were revealed in thiophene pyrolysis. • The influence of hydrogen radicals on thiophene pyrolysis was examined. • Thiophene decomposition starts with hydrogen transfer between adjacent C atoms. • The presence of hydrogen radicals significantly promotes the formation of H₂S. Pyrolysis is an efficient and economical method for the utilization of waste rubber, but the high sulfur content limits its industrial application. Currently, the migration and transformation of the element S during pyrolysis of waste rubber is far from well known. In this work, a density functional theory (DFT) method was employed to explore the possible formation pathways of H₂S and its precursors (radicals HS· and S·) during the pyrolysis of thiophene, which is an important primary pyrolytic product of rubber. In particular, the influence of reactive hydrogen radicals was carefully investigated in the thiophene pyrolysis process. The calculation results indicate that the decomposition of thiophene tends to be initiated by hydrogen transfer between adjacent carbon atoms, which needs to overcome an energy barrier of 312.4 kJ/mol. The optimal pathway to generate H₂S in thiophene pyrolysis involves initial H migration and S-C bond cleavage, with an overall energy barrier of 525.8 kJ/mol. In addition, a thiol intermediate that bears unsaturated C-C bonds is essential for thiophene pyrolysis to generate H₂S, which exists in multiple critical reaction pathways. Moreover, the presence of hydrogen radicals significantly changes the decomposition patterns and reduces the energy barriers for thiophene decomposition, thus promoting the formation of H₂S. The current work on H₂S formation from thiophene can provide some theoretical support to explore clean utilization technologies for waste rubber.     

中空玻璃微珠/氮化硼填充硅橡胶复合材料的介电、导热和阻燃性能研究

为满足5G电子封装材料的性能需求,将一定量的改性中空玻璃微珠(f-HGM)和氮化硼(f-BN)添加进加成型液体硅橡胶中制备了低介电、高导热且阻燃的硅橡胶复合材料。测试结果表明,添加了10份f-HGM和15份f-BN的复合材料的介电常数为2.68,介电损耗为0.008 16,显著低于纯硅橡胶,热导率为0.518 W/m·K,是纯硅橡胶的2.25倍。此外,复合材料的热稳定性得到了提升,pHRR和THR分别下降了55.3%和37.7%。通过气相和凝聚相分析发现,复合材料的气相热解产物浓度大幅降低,残炭的致密性和连续性得到显著提升。     

酿酒酵母提取物对废天然橡胶再生的研究

酿酒酵母R1在5L发酵罐中培养36h时,胞内谷胱甘肽(GSH)总量达304mg/L。将酵母菌充分裂解,提取物与废天然橡胶共反应。通过单因素对比实验,确定最适宜的反应条件如下:温度50℃,时间4h,100g胶粉,溶剂用量1.85mol,相转移催化剂用量2.75×10-2mol,酵母菌用量相当于GSH1.0g。处理后最高溶胀度为4.37,是原来的1.49倍。     

优势菌降解橡胶工业有机废水的实验研究

用含M盐(2-硫醇基苯并噻唑)的橡胶工业有机废水驯化活性污泥,分离出8株高效优势菌,并初步鉴定到属.对8株菌种降解橡胶工业有机废水的效果进行了对比研究.结果表明:处理6 d后,各单菌株对橡胶工业有机废水的去除率均在55%以上,其中Y8的去除率达到82%.对复合菌降解橡胶工业有机废水的研究结果表明:温度为35 ℃,pH为8是复合菌降解的最佳条件.对废水稀释会导致碳源稀薄,降低降解率.多因素正交实验表明:降解该类废水的最佳条件是ρ(葡萄糖),ρ(尿素),菌量和转速分别为2 g/L,1.0 g/L,20%和80 r/min.      

Plankton filtration with compressible crumb rubber packs

The experiments described provide insight into the feasibility of using compressible particulate packs to filter live plankton. The pore constriction sizes are controlled by subjecting the filter pack to isotropic confinement, thereby allowing for: (1) enhanced filtration upon confinement and (2) enhanced unclogging upon relaxation. Results show that filtration efficiency increases with increasing confinement; however, complete plankton retention is difficult to attain due to the plankton’s ability to pass through pore constrictions that are smaller than the plankton size. The results are anticipated to offer potential benefits to ballast treatment and aquatic filtration operations.     

废旧天然胶胶粉应用研究

以80目的废天然胶胶粉为研究对象,处理后将其分别以20%,30%的比例添加到天然混炼胶(NR)中,制备废胶粉/NR共混硫化胶;同时,通过邻苯二甲酸酐(PA)和高芳烃油对胶粉进行处理改性,制备了全胶粉弹性体。拉伸强度测试表明,对于共混胶弹性体,NR混炼胶空白样的拉伸强度为19.21 MPa,添加20%,30%比例的胶粉/NR共混硫化胶的拉伸强度可以分别达到18.03 MPa,17.23 MPa;改性后制备的全胶粉混炼胶硫化样品拉伸强度达到8.12 MPa,超过了再生胶的国标标准。同时应用扫描电子显微镜SEM分析、比较了各试样断裂面的微观结构,应用比表面仪BET和SEM表征了胶粉的表面形貌与结构,发现胶粉表面呈现"绒球"状,具有较好的表面性能。     

我国废橡胶粉用于沥青改性的研究及应用

从道路建设与防水卷材制造两方面,描述了我国废橡胶粉在沥青改性用途中的研究及应用现状。大量国内试验及应用实例表明,与普通石油沥青相比,胶粉改性沥青的针入度、延度、软化点、温度敏感性、稳定性和抗老化性等性能均得到了改善。此外,较之其他种类的沥青改性剂,废橡胶粉成本低,具有环保与资源节约的优点,对我国循环经济的发展具有重要意义。