高效粉煤灰水泥技术的推广潜力分析

分析了与发达国家相比,我国粉煤灰综合利用率较低的主要原因是受高效研磨技术水平的限制,影响了优质粉煤灰的生产成本。介绍了国外高效粉煤灰水泥（EMC）技术,并探讨了其在中国的推广潜力。     

双套管长距离干灰输送系统在330 MW机组上的应用

介绍了国电电力建设研究所的双套管输送干灰技术在国电谏壁发电厂330 MW机组第一电场长距离干输灰中的应用,重点介绍了系统设计、安装、调试和运行,以及系统性能测试情况.     

Recovery of Acidified Streams in Forests Treated by Total Catchment Liming

Reduced emissions of acidifying pollutants have changed the acidification process, and as a result, forest soils and surface waters are slowly recovering in Sweden. However, model calculations show that some areas may never recover completely unless further measures, such as liming, are undertaken. Liming of surface waters (lakes, rivers and wetlands) has been successfully practised in Sweden since the 1970s, but repeated treatments are necessary. A full recovery of acidified lakes and streams without frequent liming is however not possible until soil acidification is reversed in the most strongly affected areas. In this study, the recovery of acidified streams was examined using ‘the total catchment approach’ i.e. treatment of both recharge and discharge areas. The aim was to compare the quantitative effect of different treatments on run off chemistry and the recovery of brown trout. Catchments in southwest Sweden were treated with a combination of 2 tons of wood ash and 4, 6 or 12 tons of crushed limestone per hectare in 1998/1999. Treatment of both recharge and discharge areas resulted in fast and significant changes in stream water quality, e.g. increased concentrations of calcium, higher pH and ANC and a decreased concentration of inorganic aluminium. The initial changes were dependent on the distribution of the applied lime between discharge and recharge areas rather than the average dose on the total catchment. Treatment of recharge areas only, resulted in smaller but still significant effects on calcium, pH and ANC in stream water. Furthermore, there was an initial leaching of nitrate but it was only minor compared with the elevated leaching that occurs after a clear-cut. As a result of the treatments, brown trout is now successfully reproducing. Olle Westling (deceased).     

改性粉煤灰处理制革废水试验研究

本试验利用硫酸溶液对粉煤灰进行踟陛，研究了改性粉煤灰对制革废水的处理效果及其影响因素。试验结果表明，经酸处理后的改性粉煤灰对制革废水具有较好的处理效果。     

粉煤灰堆放场灰水与基底灰岩的水一岩作用

以焦作市某电厂粉煤版堆放场为研究对象，通过模拟试验，探讨灰场耿水入渗过程中，氟化物及总硬度与基底灰岩发生的水一岩作用。结果表明，在灰水入渗过程中，发生了溶滤及吸附等水一岩作用；灰岩中Ca^2＋、Mg^2＋的淋溶，可能会造成地下水硬度超标；吸附作用表明，石袄岩对灰水中氟有一定的吸附能力，吸附达到饱和后，灰场灰水中的氟继续下渗，导致氟对地下水污染。研究表明，该粉煤灰堆放场对焦作市饮用水水源构成了潜在威胁。     

Artificial carbonation for controlling the mobility of critical elements in bottom ash

In municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI), bottom ash, generated at a stoker grate type incinerator, the critical elements were identified in terms of EU regulation. The stabilizing effect of moderate carbonation (pH 8.28 ± 0.03) on critical contaminants was studied through availability and diffusion leaching protocols. Data from the performed tests were evaluated with the goal of reusing MSWI bottom ash as secondary construction material. To investigate the mobilizing effect of CO₂, suspended MSWI bottom ash was severely carbonated (pH 6.40 ± 0.07). The effect of CO₂ and its interaction with other leaching factors, such as liquid/solid (L/S) ratio, leaching time, pH, ultrasound treatment, and leaching temperature, were examined using a reduced 2^6-1 experimental design. Contaminants identified as critical were Cr, Cu, Mo, Sb, Cl⁻, and SO₄ ²⁻. Although moderate carbonation decreased the release of Cr, Cu, Mo, and Sb from compacted bottom ash, the main disadvantage remains its inability to demobilize Cl⁻ and SO₄ ²⁻. The hypothesized mobilizing effect of severe carbonation was proven. The treatment enhanced the separation of critical components (α = 0.05) (except for Cl⁻), i.e., about fivefold for Sb and about twofold for Cr, Cu, and S. Nevertheless, the prospect is good that severe carbonation could constitute the deciding key parameter to facilitate the technical feasibility of a future washing process for MSWI bottom ash.     

粉煤灰综合利用研究进展

介绍了粉煤灰的物理化学性质。综述了粉煤灰在建材制造、建筑工程、道路工程、农业、废水处理和催化反应中的应用现状以厦未来的应用前景。     

TOXIC METALS IN SURFACE WATERS FROM COAL ASH1

ABSTRACT: The concentration of 10 [titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), chromium (CR), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg)] toxic elements were measured in the water, benthic sediment, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates of an ash basin and its drainage system at a coal-fired power plant of the Savannah River Project, Aiken, S.C., over a period of two years. During 12 months of this period the basin was essentially filled and little settling of ash occurred. In the remaining 12 months, dredging had been completed, adequate settling occurred and most of the effluent turbidity was removed. All elements were more concentrated in sediment and biota than in water, and five (Mn, Cu, As, Zn, and Se) were biomagnified by at least one biotic component as compared to concentration in benthic sediment. Plants had high accumulations of Ti, Mn, As, and Hg; invertebrates had high accumulations of Co, Hg, Cu, Cr, Cd, and As; and vertebrates greatly biomagnified Se and Zn. The streamlined biotic community of the system accomplished major removal of Mn, Zn, As, Se, and Cd from the effluent. The magnitude of bioaccumulation of Ti, Mn, Zn, As, Se, Cd, and Hg was increased during the period of adequate settling in the basin.     

粉煤灰预处理生物流化床技术处理有机废水的研究

通过大量试验和相关工程体会得出：有机废水在进入较低污泥浓度的生物流化床之前,通过粉煤灰的预处理,再配以高效射流曝气器,能有较好的处理效果。     

燃煤锅炉烟气达标排放下的地面浓度分析

对照国家环保总局最近发布的ＧＷＰＢ３－１９９９《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》,对几种日常最常用的中、小型燃煤锅炉进行了达标排放条件下的地面最大落地浓度预测。结果表明,在烟气达标排放和常规气象春造成的地面ＳＯ２最大落地浓度在国家环境空气质量标准（二级）的２８％以下,远小于规定浓度限值,烟尘的地面影响浓度更可忽略。因此在一般环境影响评价中,只要锅炉烟气做到达标排放,则可不作该两因子的地面浓度预测,由此可大