麻石除尘器的技术改造

详细介绍了山西焦化股份有限公司针对锅炉除尘系统运行中存在的问题进行的多项技术改造，改造后其除尘效率得以提高，烟尘排放质量浓度达到国家一级标准。     

石灰/粉煤灰水合反应制备高活性脱硫剂机理分析

以粉煤灰的特殊结构为基础 ,分析了石灰 粉煤灰水合反应制备高活性脱硫剂的反应产物、反应过程 ,以及添加剂和压力水合的机制     

纳米级TiO_2/粉煤灰/UV催化臭氧化去除水中苯胺的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米TiO2/粉煤灰光催化剂,利用X射线衍射法对催化剂的物相和粒径进行了表征。通过苯胺光催化臭氧化降解实验,考察了pH、催化剂投加量、薄膜厚度等反应条件对苯胺降解效果的影响,并研究了苯胺光催化臭氧化降解的反应机理。实验结果表明,经550℃热处理后的TiO2主要以锐钛矿晶型存在,平均粒径为11.12 nm。降解反应遵循·OH机理,当催化剂投加量为5 g/1.5 L废水时,催化效果最好。     

Reductive transformation of p-nitrotoluene by a new iron-fly ash packing

A new iron-fly ash packing was studied for reductive transformation of p-nitrotoluene. The packing was made of iron, fly ash and kaolin with the mass ratio of 36:7:2. A reactor was designed to investigate the long-term performance of the packing. The results showed that the reduction of p-nitrotoluene increased with decreasing pH, because the reduction potential of reaction increased with the concentration of H⁺. The pH was one of the key factors impacting the reductive transformation of p-nitrotoluene. Comparing iron-activated carbon packing with the new iron-fly ash packing, the reduction efficiencies were respectively 76.61% and 75.36% after 20 days. The reduction efficiency for both was around 50% at 40 days. It was evident that these two kinds of packing had no significant difference in their capability for p-nitrotoluene reductive transformation. Compared with iron-activated carbon, the new iron-fly ash packing had obvious advantages in terms of manufacturing costs and environmental pollution degradation. This study showed that the new iron-fly ash packing had good performance in reductive transformation of nitrotoluene compounds.     

基于不同配风方式下的四角切圆燃煤锅炉燃烧特性的数值计算研究

利用数值计算方法分析了某火电厂四角切圆燃煤锅炉炉内燃烧特性,重点考察了配风调整对炉内温度场、速度场、组分场、NO_x以及飞灰含碳量的影响规律。结果表明:不同配风方式下,炉内温度场和速度场的分布都比较合理,没有出现贴壁燃烧现象,倒宝塔配风时,炉膛出口CO的浓度和飞灰含碳量相比均等配风和正宝塔配风时要高,而NO_x浓度相比其他两种方式时要低。该研究结果可为四角切圆燃煤锅炉的实际运行提供了一定的参考。     

不同粒径垃圾焚烧飞灰重金属毒性浸出及生物可给性

对城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的化学性质和粒径分级毒性进行分析研究,并采用美国EPA的毒性浸出程序TCLP(toxicity characteristic leaching procedure)、欧盟危险废物鉴别浸出标准(EN12457-2)、逐级浸出程序SEP(sequential extraction procedure)与体外模拟实验方法 PBET(physiologically based extraction test)对不同粒径的焚烧飞灰中重金属浸出效果进行对比研究.结果表明,焚烧飞灰的主要组成元素为Ca、Si、Al、Mg、Fe、Na和K;58.7%的飞灰粒径分布在38~106μm,粒径小于150μm的焚烧飞灰占总量的90%以上.重金属Cu、Pb和Cd等在各粒径飞灰中主要以残渣态的形式存在,可交换态较少.TCLP结果证实,除As和V外,Zn、Cu和Pb的浸出量随飞灰粒径的减小呈先增大后减少的趋势,粒径在38~106μm下Zn的浸出量最大为547 mg·kg~(-1),而采用欧盟浸出标准,所有粒径飞灰的重金属浸出量都较低.PBET实验中Zn、Pb、Cu和As的浸取浓度分别达3 270、339、335和16.8 mg·kg~(-1),其结果显著高于TCLP重金属浸出量,说明焚烧飞灰中重金属对于人体具有潜在的生物有效性.     

Sorption of pyrene from water by oil shale ash and mineral particles

The aim of this work was to estimate the sorption of pyrene from water solutions on mineral substrates, e.g., alumina, silica, and oil shale ash, from the Estonian thermal plant. Results obtained from this study indicate that the sorption of pyrene on mineral oxides and oil shale ash particles from water can be described with a linear equation. The sorptive capacity per weight of oil shale ash in aqueous systems was significantly lower compared with mineral adsorbents. The distribution coefficient (K_d) for pyrene in the system with particles of oil shale ash was 10–12 times lower as than for mineral adsorbents.     

Disposal of Coal Fly Ash at A Deep Water Site in the Eastern Mediterranean Off Israel - Six Years of Monitoring

Coal fly ash (CFA) is dumped at a deep sea disposal site (1,500m water depth) in the eastern Mediterranean, ca. 70km off the Israeli shore. Since 1989, about one million tons of CFA were dumped at the 200km² allocated area. Six years of monitoring at the dump-site shows that the CFA is heterogeneously distributed; there are areas where CFA covers about 1.3cm depth of the sea floor while at others no CFA is found. CFA is present as a fine powder, small aggregates and even as large blocks both in the dump-site as well as at its peripheries. Cadmium, copper and zinc concentrations in the CFA decreased as a result of the prolonged contact with sea water at in situ conditions while inconclusive changes in mercury, iron and manganese were detected. No changes were observed for lead, iron and aluminium concentrations. A controlled long term field experiment, now in progress at the site, is expected to clarify further chemical changes occurring in the CFA.     

对火电厂粉煤灰平衡湿含量的试验和分析

对粉煤灰的平衡湿含量在各影响因素下进行了试验研究 ,并且利用半经验公式对实验数据进行了回归 ,得到了较好的拟合效果 ;为相关的理论及试验研究提供了计算公式及实验数据     

Biological turnover of chemical elements in a secondary deciduous-coniferous forest of the middle taiga subzone

The biological turnover of nitrogen and ash elements has been studied in a secondary deciduous-coniferous stand formed in place of a clear-cut spruce forest. The results have shown that a high degree of accumulation is characteristic of Ca, N, K, and Si, with N, Ca, K, Si, P, and Mg being most actively involved in the biological turnover. The biological turnover in this stand is of the calcium-nitrogen-potassium type, and its intensity and rate exceed those in bilberry spruce forest by factors of 1.7 and 2–4, respectively.