双区电除尘器降低锅炉烟尘排放浓度

粉尘在传统结构的荷电区荷电之后,一部分尘粒被阳极板捕集,大部分带有正、负电荷的尘粒再分别被收尘区的管式辅助电极和阳极板捕集.模拟试验数据表明,收尘区具有高电压、低电流和板电流密度分布均匀的特性.工业性试验结果显示,应用双区电除尘技术设计或改造电除尘器,不仅可以较好地防止发生反电晕,而且能够将锅炉烟尘排放质量浓度降低到50 mg/m3以下.与传统的卧式电除尘器相比,还可节省10%左右的占地面积和钢材用量.     

垃圾焚烧飞灰处理处置研究进展

针对作为危险废物的垃圾焚烧飞灰,介绍了近年来国内外对其进行处理处置的研究情况.飞灰的固化/稳定化处理主要从水泥(沥青)固化、熔融固化及化学药剂固化几方面进行论述,飞灰中重金属的提取主要从酸碱浸提、生物浸提、螯合剂浸提及电渗析法提取几方面进行论述.     

火电灰渣场自然恢复下灰渣养分及重金属含量研究

对自然恢复下4类不同年代样地的灰渣养分含量及重金属含量进行研究,通过对比分析发现,有机质、全氮、全钾、全磷含量随着自然恢复时间的增加呈现递增的趋势,全磷含量在各恢复阶段与对照样地之间并不存在显著差异(P0.05)。pH随着恢复时间的增加呈现递减的趋势。对灰渣综合质量指数进行研究发现,自然恢复长期、中期、短期与自然恢复初期对比均有显著提高(P0.05),且随着自然恢复时间的增加灰渣综合质量指数逐渐提高。对灰渣场锌、铅、铜3种重金属研究后发现,在自然恢复下随着时间的增加,灰渣中重金属含量均呈现递减的趋势。     

1000 MW燃煤机组电除尘深度节能技术研究及应用

电除尘设备在减少工业粉尘排放量、降低大气环境污染、保护生态环境等方面有着重要的作用,随着我国对节能减排工作的重视及环保要求的提高,保证其安全、稳定、经济、节能运行成为火电厂环保工作重点。对北仓电厂三期2×1000 MW机组电除尘电场供电方式优化、电除尘振打方式优化、电除尘闭环控制技术、电除尘高频电源技术、电除尘灰斗、瓷套蒸汽加热技术组合集成应用进行了研究,在确保除尘效率达到要求的情况下,降低运行电耗。相关的电除尘深度节能技术成果在国内同类型设备中具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Impact of Sea Level Rise on Groundwater Salinity in a Coastal Community of South Florida1

Guha, Hillol and Sorab Panday, 2012. Impact of Sea Level Rise on Groundwater Salinity in a Coastal Community of South Florida. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(3): 510-529. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00630.x Abstract: Freshwater resources of coastal communities in the United States and world over are threatened by the rate of sea level rise. According to recent estimates by various governmental agencies and climate researchers, the global sea level rise is likely to be between 0.6 and 2.1 m by the year 2100. South Florida is a coastal community and much of its coastline is subject to sea level rise and potential impacts to wetlands and the water resources of the area. To understand what the impact of sea level rise would cause to the groundwater level and salinity intrusion, an integrated groundwater and surface water model was developed for North Miami-Dade and Broward Counties of South Florida. The model was calibrated against daily groundwater heads, base flows in canals, and chloride concentrations for a period of one year and six months. Three separate sensitivity analyses were conducted by increasing the sea level by 0.6, 0.9, and 1.22 m. Results of the simulations shows increase of groundwater heads in some areas from 4 to 15%; whereas the average relative chloride concentrations increased significantly by 100-600% in some wells. The increase in groundwater elevations and chloride concentrations varies from location of the wells and its proximity to the coast. The model results indicate that even a 0.6 m increase in sea level (which is the conservative estimate) is likely to impair the vital freshwater resources in many parts of South Florida.     

Laboratory studies on formation and minimisation of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and -furans (PCDD/F) in secondary aluminium process

The objectives of this work were to study the formation mechanisms of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) in thermal aluminium recycling processes by use of laboratory experiments. The pattern of isomers of PCDD/F indicates that de novo synthesis is important in aluminium smeltery. The mechanisms of PCDD/F formation in aluminium smelting are similar to that of various incineration processes of waste material. The results of bioanalysis (EROD-test) confirms the existence of de novo synthesis of PCDD/F, but points out to the existence to some additional, toxic compounds of unknown structure. To reduce the amount of PCDD/F the input of carbon at the metal should be reduced; in addition the metal smeltery plants should be cleaned from fly ash particles. It is suggested to use good primary methods in the technical plants like constant feeding of the metal into the oven will minimise PCDD/F concentration. The biological EROD-bioassay is a good tool to estimate PCDD/F-TEQ values also for this technical process simulated in the laboratory.     

垃圾焚烧飞灰有毒重金属固化稳定技术研究综述

采用焚烧法处理生活垃圾正呈快速增长的趋势,焚烧过程产生的飞灰中所含有的大量有毒重金属对自然环境和人类生存都造成极大影响。阐述了目前常用的几种固化稳定垃圾焚烧飞灰有毒重金属的方法,综合分析了其固化特点和优缺点,并初步探索了一种低能耗环境下实现高温熔融处置技术的有效途径,从而为垃圾焚烧飞灰高温固化稳定有毒重金属的实施提供一定的理论基础和技术支持。     

浅析XLDM型脉冲袋式除尘器在CFB锅炉上的应用

介绍了兖矿国宏化工公司2台160 t/h CFB锅炉配套XLDM-5700型袋式除尘器的实际运行情况,从除尘效率、喷吹方式、运行能耗等方面分析了袋式除尘器的性能,并总结出XLDM型袋式除尘器最佳运行方式。     

粉煤灰免烧陶粒制备及其重金属废水净化性能

摘要重金属废水对环境的污染已经引起科研人员的广泛关注。以粉煤灰和水泥为原料、添加活性成分FeS,制备一种免烧陶粒用于含重金属Cu2＋、Zn2＋、Pb2＋的废水处理。探讨了物料配比及蒸养时间对陶粒筒压强度及其比表面积的影响;研究了固液比、接触时间、pH、温度及初始溶液浓度等因素对Cu2＋、Zn2＋、Pb2＋离子净化效果的影响规律,并对实验结果进行了等温线拟合。XRD分析显示,免烧陶粒中存在Ca（OH）2、C—D—H、FeS等矿物相,对重金属离子具有非常好的固定化作用。该免烧陶粒对重金属离子具有很好的去除效果,具备较好的应用前景。     

铁屑粉煤灰组合处理含磷废水

实验研究了铁屑粉煤灰组合处理含磷废水的除磷效果.通过单因素实验,考查了铁屑粉煤灰质量比、反应时间、pH值和投加量对除磷效果的影响.实验结果表明,该法除磷的最优条件为铁屑和粉煤灰的质量比为2∶1,反应时间为20 min,pH值为6,投加量为20 g/L.在最优实验条件下磷的去除率达到了97.5％.对比了该法和粉煤灰吸附法与传统铁屑法的除磷效果.与单一粉煤灰吸附法和传统铁屑法除磷的结果相比较,铁屑粉煤灰组合除磷的方法具有明显优势.