粉煤灰的资源化利用与循环经济

阐述了燃煤固体产物粉煤灰的形成过程及其物理和化学特性,并对其利用潜力进行了系统评价,提出了建立粉煤灰资源化利用和发展循环经济相结合的发展模式。     

粉煤灰的活化性能研究

研究了粉煤灰的活化方法,确定了最适宜的活化剂HR和相应的活化条件。利用XPS．IR．TEM．TGA和DTA等方法研究了活化粉煤灰的表面成分、基团和形貌。考察了活化粉煤灰的疏水性和在有机介质中的分散性及亲和性。证明活化剂分子是以化学键牢固地结合在粉煤灰表面上而使其显著改性。     

酸溶-微波热解法从粉煤灰中制取聚合氧化铝的研究

从粉煤灰中提取聚合氧化铝（ＰＡＣ）是粉煤灰综合利用的途径之一。本研究提出了酸溶 微波热解从粉煤灰中制取ＰＡＣ的方法。通过工艺原理分析和试验，阐述了该工艺的可行性和合理性     

Temporal Trends in Mercury Accumulation in Lake Sediments in Sweden

Lake sediment cores were analyzedto study the history of mercury (Hg) pollution andparticularly to determine whether recent sedimentconcentrations have declined in response todeclining atmospheric deposition of Hg. Sedimentcores from 6 forest lakes distributed fromsouthern to northern Sweden and 3 northernmountain lakes were analyzed for Hg using CVAAS. A400 cm sediment profile from Måkevatten insouthwest Sweden indicates that the onset of Hgpollution occurred in the 18th century. Anindisputable increase in Hg concentrationsoccurred concurrent with the appearance ofspheroidal carbonaceous flyash particles (SCP)derived from fossil-fuel combustion, in themid-19th century. There is a strong correlationbetween Hg and SCP concentrations in the sedimentcores (r=0.67 to 0.91), which suggests a strongrelationship between historical Hg pollution andfossil fuel burning. In contrast to sediment corestaken in 1979, maximum Hg concentrations are nowobserved below the sediment surface and declinetowards the sediment surface. This study confirmsthat reductions in atmospheric deposition of Hgover Sweden have resulted in a decreased transferof total Hg to aquatic environments as reflectedby lake sediments, and that lake sediment profilesof Hg concentrations reflect relative trends inthe atmospheric deposition of Hg rather thanpost-depositional diagenetic processes.     

双掺粉煤灰再生骨料对混凝土强度影响研究

通过试验研究再生骨料混凝土中粉煤灰和再生骨料对混凝土强度的影响。采用粉煤灰替代部分水泥、再生骨料替代部分天然粗骨料的方法,通过正交试验测定混凝土立方体抗压强度的方法,来研究粉煤灰对再生骨料混凝土强度的影响。试验得出:当再生骨料掺量为20%~30%时,粉煤灰的最佳掺量为20%左右;当再生骨料掺量高于40%、粉煤灰掺量高于20%时,其混凝土拌合物搅拌时间不小于240 s,且当粉煤灰在20%~30%时,可获得较理想的混凝土抗压强度;当粉煤灰的掺入量分布在20%~30%、再生骨料的最佳掺量为50%时,可获得较理想的混凝土抗压强度。由此得出,合理的再生骨料、粉煤灰掺量对混凝土的抗压强度影响并不明显且有提高的趋势,对降低混凝土成本,提高建筑垃圾的再生利用,有一定的经济效益和社会效益。     

粉煤灰处理活性艳红KD-8B染料废水的研究

研究了废水的pH值和粉煤灰的投加量对活性艳红KD-8B染料废水脱色效果的影响,并考察了粉煤灰经酸化改性、加热活化和碱化改性后的脱色能力.结果表明：最佳pH值为12.3;未经改性的粉煤灰脱色效果不好且投加量大;碱改性粉煤灰的脱色效果最佳,脱色率可达99.9%以上,对高浓度活性艳红废水,脱色率也能达95%以上.     

GC-ECD和LC-MS/MS测定垃圾焚烧飞灰中氯苯和氯酚的方法

氯苯和氯酚是生活垃圾焚烧过程产生的重要污染物,目前对垃圾焚烧炉飞灰中氯苯和氯酚的研究较少。本文采用超声萃取法结合GC-ECD、LC-MS/MS,建立了飞灰等固体介质中的氯苯氯酚的定量检测方法,通过实验确定出较优的前处理条件,飞灰样品中滴加少量浓硫酸,以正己烷/丙酮（1：1）为萃取溶剂,40℃超声萃取20 min,萃取3次,然后液相萃取分离氯酚氯苯,分别净化,浓缩,最后进机检测,对三、四、五、六氯代苯和所有的氯酚均获得较好的回收率。应用建立的检测方法测试了3座正常运行过程中的生活垃圾焚烧炉飞灰的氯苯和氯酚含量,样品中一到四氯代氯酚的含量都在定量限以下,五氯酚含量范围为5~11 ng·g-1,三氯苯、四氯苯、五氯苯和六氯苯的含量在3~70 ng·g-1的范围。     

粉煤灰干法除炭技术与设备

根据最新收集的文献资料，介绍了国外典型的粉煤灰干法除炭，特别是电选除炭方面的新进展，包括其工作原理、优缺点及工业应用情况。旨在为国内相关企业提供参考。     

从粉煤灰中回收氧化铝

简要介绍了国外从粉煤灰中回收氧化铝的几种方法，着重研究了煅烧／稀酸过滤法影响氧化铝回收率的各种因素。     

Application of High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete to Marine Structures

A new material with high content of fly ash named ‘Ashcrete’ has been developed. to examine the applicability of Ashcrete to marine structures, strength characteristics, resistance to sea water attack, and safety in the marine environment have been studied. the following results have been obtained:

1) the strength characteristics of high-volume fly ash concrete depend upon the type and proportions of chemical activators as well as curing conditions.

2) Ashcrete using sodium chloride (NaCI) as a chemical activator shows high initial strength and good strength development with age.

3) Ashcrete containing NaCI activator shows good resistance to sea water from the viewpoint of its strength characteristics, volume changes and microstructurcs.

4) Since 1980 many types of large-scale artificial reefs made of Ashcrete have been installed in the sea. As a result of long-term studies and underwater observations, the Japanese Government has demonstrated the durability of the material, safety in the marine environment and attractiveness to fish.

5) It is therefore proposed that Ashcrete might be used in constructing large-scale sea mounts in deep water for the purpose of generating upwelling.