水泥机立窑窑尾烟气水雾喷淋除尘治理技术

机立窑窑尾烟气因含尘浓度高,温度、湿度变化大等原因,治理的难度较大,很多厂家均采用沉降室来治理窑尾烟气,但效果都不够理想.而铜山县第九水泥厂采用了水雾喷淋除尘技术治理窑尾烟气,从一段时间的运行状况看,取得了明显的成效.     

喷氨法吸收燃煤电厂CO2的可行性分析

随着中国近年来经济加速发展,电力能源消耗日益增加,目前就中国电力能源生产结构而言,用电量增加就意味着燃煤消耗量的大幅度增加,同时将产生大量温室气体。其中,CO2的排放对气候的负面影响十分巨大,成为燃煤电厂发展的瓶颈问题之一。本文从喷氨法生产NH4HCO3肥料的传统工艺出发,说明了将这种技术手段改造并用于燃煤电厂减排并回收利用CO2的可行性和有效性,并介绍了相应的化学原理和生产流程。     

Precision And Accuracy Of Pest And Pathogen Damage Assessment In Young Eucalypt Plantations

Fungal pathogens, browsing mammals, birds, insects, nutrient deficiencies, drought, frost and waterlogging are all damaging agents to plantation species. The subsequent loss in leaf tissue or reduced photosynthetic potential can reduce growth and potentially lead to tree death. The Crown Damage Index (CDI) was developed in Australia to quantify damage in young eucalypt plantations. The accuracy and precision of assessing damage at a tree level were determined to ensure the reliability, objectivity and repeatability of the CDI method. Nine assessors, with varying levels of experience, estimated damage on three plots of fifty trees each, to obtain an understanding of the subjectivity of assessing damage caused by insects (e.g. Chrysophtharta spp.) and fungal pathogens (e.g. Mycosphaerella spp.) on Eucalyptus globulus. Damage levels were measured by destructive sampling to enable direct comparisons between estimates and damage levels to be made. The most experienced assessors provided the most repeatable estimates and were generally the most accurate. The incidence of foliar necrosis was the least subjective measure while defoliation was the most subjective and the least accurate of the indices measured. All assessors, regardless of experience, were able to predict the Crown Damage Index (a combined index of all damage classes) to within 12% of measured damage levels.     

Dissipation and translocation of saisenxin in tobacco and soil under conventional field and controlled laboratory conditions

Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to investigate the fate and translocation characteristics of saisenxin (SSX), a novel organic zinc fungicide, in the environment and tobacco plants under conventional field and laboratory conditions. A rapid and sensitive analytical technique based on high-performance liquid chromatography was used for determination of SSX, in soil samples and tobacco leaf, stem and root samples. The method had satisfactiry linearity (R^2?=?0.9999) and the limits of detection and of quantitation of the target compound were 0.06 and 0.20?mg kg^?1, respectively. The average recoveries were in the range of 89.74–94.24% in soil, leaf, stem and root samples, with relative standard deviations of <8%. For conventional field trials, the half-life (t_1/2) of SSX was 5.9–6.5 days in soil and 4.8–5.3 days in tobacco leaves; the corresponding values under controlled laboratory conditions were extended to 7.1 and 7.6?days. The translocation factor (TF) values were in the range of 0–2.25 and 0–0.25 for foliage and root irrigation treatments, respectively. The TFs of SSX in tobacco indicated that tobacco had a high ability to transfer SSX upward.     

SGLZ-Ⅲ型渣罐喷涂技术在首钢的应用

结合首钢实际情况研究开发的SGLZ Ⅲ型渣罐喷涂技术已成功地应用于首钢第三炼钢厂。生产应用效果证明 ,该技术可有效地消除因垫渣造成的钢渣翻罐冒烟污染 ,提高渣罐一次脱罐率 ,降低渣罐损耗 ,具有显著的环境效益、社会效益和经济效益。     

Operator dermal exposure and protection provided by personal protective equipment and working coveralls during mixing/loading,application and sprayer cleaning in vineyards

The efficiency of a working coverall combined with personal protective equipment to protect operators against dermal exposure to plant protection products under field conditions was studied. Operators wore a non-certified water-repellent finish polyester/cotton coverall plus a certified gown during the mixing/loading and the cleaning phases. Insecticide foliar application to a vineyard was selected as the exposure scenario. The overall dermal residue levels measured in this study were in the range of data recently collected in Europe. The water-repellent finish working coverall reduced body exposure by a factor of approximately 95%. Wearing a Category III Type 3 partial body gown during mixing/loading and cleaning of the application equipment led to a further protective effect of 98.7%. The combination of a water-repellent finish working coverall and partial body protection during specific tasks provided satisfactory levels of protection and can be considered as suitable protection for the conditions of use studied.     

大型料场喷水抑尘装置的应用

在大型料场堆料机上设计安装喷水抑尘装置可取得很好的降尘效果     

电袋复合除尘技术的试验研究

通过对电袋复合除尘器性能试验及对喷吹清灰过程的研究,分析了荷电粉尘对滤料过滤性能的影响,探讨了高强滤料的研究开发及电袋复合除尘器的大型化技术等问题。     

外源植物激素喷施对三叶鬼针草修复镉污染土壤的影响

为了探究外源植物激素喷施对超积累植物吸收重金属的影响,以三叶鬼针草（Bidens pilosa L.）为供试植物,通过叶面喷施3种不同浓度的6-苄基腺嘌呤（6-BA）、水杨酸（SA）和24-表油菜素甾醇（24-EBR）,研究外源植物激素喷施对三叶鬼针草修复镉（Cd）污染的影响.结果表明,分别喷施适宜浓度的3种外源植物激素：①高效强化三叶鬼针草修复Cd污染土壤效果,使植株叶部Cd含量分别增加4.21%、31.79%和14.89%,使转运系数（TF）分别提高9.67%、18.83%和17.85%,使植株提取效率（PR）分别提高15.36%、32.33%和64.38%;②显著促进三叶鬼针草的生长,使植株地上部干重分别增加了37.53%、74.50%和104.02%;③显著增强三叶鬼针草的光合作用,使植株叶绿素a含量分别提高了79.31%、92.27%和51.12%,此时光化学猝灭系数（qP）分别提高11.32%、89.16%和78.43%,非光化学猝灭系数（NPQ）分别提高51.71%、241.12%和27.85%;④显著强化三叶鬼针草抗氧化能力,使得植株丙二醛（MDA）浓度分别降低了62.41%、68.67%和46.76%,使超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性分别提高了68.33%、10.28%和6.17%,过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性分别提高了31.43%、37.87%和37.31%.综上所述,Cd胁迫下喷施适宜浓度的外源6-BA、SA和24-EBR可显著提高三叶鬼针草生物量,促进重金属在植株体内富集;提升植株光合作用能力,降低重金属胁迫对植株的氧化损伤,增强抗氧化能力,提高植株对于Cd的吸收和耐受性;促进植株根部Cd向地上部转移,提高植株对重金属Cd的提取效率,高效强化植株修复效果,其中以30 mg ·L^-1 SA叶面喷施效果最佳.     

开封市不同功能区叶面尘重金属含量及潜在生态风险

以开封市5个功能区(文教区、旅游区、居民区、闹市区、工业区)叶面尘为研究对象,获得冬青(Ilex chinensis Sims.)及石楠(Photinia Lindl.)叶面尘样品22个.采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)测定叶面尘Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn和Ni含量,用相关性分析对叶面尘重金属来源进行解析,同时应用地积累指数及潜在生态风险评价法分析不同功能区叶面尘重金属污染及潜在生态风险.结果表明:叶面尘Cd、Pb、Zn、Cu和Cr含量均显著高于开封市周边灰尘背景值.叶面尘Pb、Zn、Cd属于人为源重金属,Cr、Cu、Ni属于混合源重金属.叶面尘不同重金属地积累指数的大小顺序为CdPbZnCuCrNi,Cd为重污染,Pb和Zn为中污染,Cu和Cr为偏中污染,Ni无污染.7种重金属的单项潜在生态风险指数(Er)的顺序依次为CdPbCuZnCrNi,Cd达到极高生态风险,Pb达到中等生态风险,其余重金属为低生态风险.不同功能区潜在生态风险(RI)的顺序为工业区闹市区居民区文教区旅游区.所有功能区的RI均属于极高生态风险,Cd是最主要的致险因子.