家蝇幼虫的综合开发利用

家蝇幼虫的利用前景十分广阔,本文主要介绍了家蝇幼虫在动物饲料、食用、几丁质、抗菌物质以及凝集素等方面的开发利用     

对开发闽台民间信仰文化旅游的思考

闽台文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,加强海峡两岸民间信仰文化的交流与旅游开发,对促进海峡两岸旅游区的建设发展和祖国统一都有着重要的意义。闽台民间信仰文化旅游开发具有市场、区位及政治优势,但目前存在"散、小、弱、差"等问题。在开发闽台民间信仰文化旅游时要注意闽台合作、联合开发、重点开发、突出女神文化牌和加强人力资源开发,使之成为海峡两岸旅游区的精品。     

湖南西部民俗旅游资源的开发与保护

湖南西部民俗旅游资源丰富,系统开发和保护民俗旅游资源、有效整合、形成合力、促进旅游业的发展是构筑湖南西部黄金旅游区的基石。分析了民俗、民俗旅游资源与民俗文化的概念和内涵,以及湖南西部民俗旅游资源的结构及其特征,提出了湖南西部民俗旅游开发和保护的原则、模式和措施。     

一起网点房较大火灾事故认定与分析

对一起网点房较大火灾调查的实际案例进行分析,说明了现场勘验工作对火灾认定的重要性。根据事故调查过程,分析了此类火灾的成因及预防措施,进城务工、经商人员安全防范意识薄弱,逃生自救知识缺乏是造成火灾严重后果的重要因素。并对调查工作中的经验进行总结和介绍。     

Odorous gaseous emissions as influence by process condition for the forced aeration composting of pig slaughterhouse sludge

Compost sustainability requires a better control of its gaseous emissions responsible for several impacts including odours. Indeed, composting odours have stopped the operation of many platforms and prevented the installation of others. Accordingly, present technologies collecting and treating gases emitted from composting are not satisfactory and alternative solutions must be found. Thus, the aim of this paper was to study the influence of composting process conditions on gaseous emissions. Pig slaughterhouse sludge mixed with wood chips was composted under forced aeration in 300 L laboratory reactors. The process conditions studied were: aeration rate of 1.68, 4.03, 6.22, 9.80 and 13.44 L/h/kg of wet sludge; incorporation ratio of 0.55, 0.83 and 1.1 (kg of wet wood chips/kg of wet sludge), and; bulking agent particles size of <10, 10 < 20 and 20 < 30 mm. Out-going gases were sampled every 2 days and their composition was analysed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Fifty-nine compounds were identified and quantified. Dividing the cumulated mass production over 30 days of composting, by odour threshold, 9 compounds were identified as main potential odour contributors: hydrogen sulphide, trimethylamine, ammonia, 2-pentanone, 1-propanol-2-methyl, dimethyl sulphide, dimethyl disulphide, dimethyl trisulphide and acetophenone. Five gaseous compounds were correlated with both aeration rate and bulking agent to waste ratio: hydrogen sulphide, trimethylamine, ammonia, 2-pentanone and 1-propanol-2-methyl. However, dropping the aeration rate and increasing the bulking agent to waste ratio reduced gaseous odour emissions by a factor of 5–10, when the required threshold dilution factor ranged from 10⁵ to 10⁶, to avoid nuisance at peak emission rates. Process influence on emissions of dimethyl sulphide, dimethyl disulphide, dimethyl trisulphide were poorly correlated with both aeration rate and bulking agent to waste ratio as a reaction with hydrogen sulphide was suspected. Acetophenone emissions originated from the wood chips. Olfactory measurements need to be correlated to gaseous emissions for a more accurate odour emission evaluation.     

珠三角电子垃圾和城市地区家庭灰尘中多氯联苯的来源及暴露风险

本研究对珠三角电子垃圾和城市地区家庭灰尘中多氯联苯(PCBs)进行了分析.结果表明,清远电子垃圾区灰尘中PCBs的含量为12.4～87765 ng·g-1,平均10167 ng·g-1.室内和庭院灰尘中PCBs的含量无显著差别.电子垃圾区灰尘中PCBs组成模式(以3、5、6、4氯代PCBs为主),与我国工业品中PCBs的组成并不相似,并且室内外灰尘中的组成没有明显的差别.采用化学质量平衡受体模型进行源解析显示,电子垃圾区灰尘中PCBs主要来自Aroclor 1262(36.7%)、Aroclor 1254(26.7%)、Aroclor 1242(21.4%)和Aroclor 1248(18.5%).电子垃圾区婴幼儿、儿童/青少年、成人通过灰尘对PCBs的平均日暴露量分别为42、17和2.9 ng·(kg·d)-1.风险评估显示,婴幼儿、儿童和青少年通过灰尘暴露PCBs的总非癌症危害商数(HQ)均高于1,可对身体健康产生危害,人群终生平均致癌风险为4.5×10-5,处于美国EPA可接受的致癌风险范围.广州地区家庭灰尘中PCBs的平均含量仅为48.7 ng·g-1,这与PCBs并未在我国大范围使用一致.广州地区人群通过家庭灰尘暴露PCBs的风险很低.     

脱硫石粉贮存库气化装置改造

对火电厂脱硫石粉贮存库运行过程中散装机出料口下料缓慢,进气母管及气化槽体中进粉等问题进行了分析,提出了改造对策,石粉贮存库气,石粉贮存气化装置改造后运行效果良好,以60t罐车为例,石粉的装车为例,石粉的装车时间同原来的30min减少到15min.     

SBR法处理屠宰废水的设计与运行

结合某屠宰厂废水处理的工程实例,详细介绍了SBR法的工艺流程.实践证明:采用SBR工艺处理屠宰废水运行可靠,装置占地面积比较省,操作调节方便,运行时节省能源,经处理后水质完全达标,能够取得良好的经济效果.     

全球气候变化研究初探

全球气候变化尤其气候变暖对人类生存环境的影响已受到国际社会的普遍关注.二战以后,随着人口的急剧增多和社会的现代化,环境污染与全球变暖的趋势不断加重.为了人类生存的需要,必须加强对气候变暖的了解和研究,并采取相应措施阻止或减缓全球气候变暖的过程.     

温室效应与二氧化碳的控制

通过气候变暖及生态系统变化的事例简述了温室效应的危害及其起源 ,并从生物技术、能源革新、大气污染控制技术几个方面评述了近年来涌现出的二氧化碳控制技术的优缺点和发展前景。