Reducing carbon,tackling fuel poverty: adoption and performance of air-source heat pumps in East Yorkshire,UK

Deploying heating technologies, such as air-source heat pumps (ASHPs), can respond to the dual challenges of tackling fuel poverty and reducing carbon emissions from domestic energy consumption. In the UK, ASHP performance has been found to be below design levels. Elements of three strands of literature – innovation diffusion, environmental psychology and neighbourhood effects – are combined to gain insights into why the adoption and performance of ASHPs are lagging policy targets and design potential. Evidence from users, installers and area-based scheme facilitators suggests that the perceived complexity of the technology is a barrier. The level of technology maturity and the typical profile of the elderly fuel poor do not match; the target group might prefer to be late adopters or laggards in adopting technology. The role of installers is critical as the disruption from installation is a barrier to adoption and ASHPs place demands on users to change existing practices.     

压气站轻烃放空系统全密闭流程改造

介绍了胜利油田集输公司压气站轻烃放空系统全密闭改造的必要性、改造方案 ,以及改造后对安全环保所带来的深远意义     

加强个体私营汽车加油站安全管理 消除事故隐患

指出了个体私营汽车加油站普遍存在着的安全事故隐患,同时也对加强个体私营加油站的安全管理,保障个体私营加油站的安全运营提出了若干建议.     

加油站埋地汽油储罐爆炸定量分析

针对加油站的埋地汽油储罐爆炸进行了定量分析。简要叙述了加油站埋地储罐的埋地方式以及埋地深度等基本情况,运用岩土中的爆炸理论描述分析了埋地储罐爆炸的过程。在计算爆炸冲击波超压时,提出一个计算埋地汽油储罐爆炸冲击波超压的准则:对于埋地汽油储罐爆炸,应当结合汽油储罐的埋地深度以及储罐周围覆土的性质等因素来确定冲击波超压的计算方法。     

气态加氢站定量风险评估研究

从加氢站的事故场景、事故频率、事故后果、死亡概率和个人及社会风险5个方面进行研究,提出气态加氢站定量风险分析模型,并结合某加氢站进行了实例计算分析,计算出该加氢站量化的个人风险和社会风险,经与国内外认可的可接受风险标准比较后,得出其风险水平是否可接受的分析结论。     

加油站新旧输油管线碰头焊接方法探讨

《汽车加油加气站设计与施工规范》(GB50156-2002)中提到加油站输油管道宜采用无缝钢管、连接方式采用焊接是输油管道敷设的基本要求,其优点是焊缝少、比较严密可靠、施工速度快、省材省工、便于防腐、不容易出现渗漏隐患。但加油站在改造输油管线时,新旧管线碰头焊接过程中产生的火花易点燃管线中的油气引发火灾及爆炸。因此,如何在新旧输油管线碰头焊接时安全施工就成为了需要我们探讨的问题。本文结合丹东太平湾加油站输油管线改造的实际情况,简要的阐述了加油站含油气管线碰头焊接的几种方法。     

Microbial fuel cell with three-dimensional electrodes for domestic wastewater treatment and electricity generation北大核心CSCD

A single chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) with three-dimensional electrodes packed bed carbon felts was developed to treat domestic wastewater while simultaneously generating electricity. The influence of batch and continuous operation mode on treatment effectiveness and electricity production of the MFC was investigated to provide a reference for the application of the MFC. The MFC with a total working volume of 1 440 mL was operated in the fed-batch mode for 5 d repeatedly three times, and then shifted to the continuous mode. During the testing of the continuous mode, wastewater was continuously pumped into the anode compartment at a flow rate of approximately 0.2 mL/min, resulting in a hydraulic retention time of 5 d. During the batch test, the MFC obtained 91.1% chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 98.2% NH4 +-N removal, which accorded with the first criteria specified in the discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plants in China (GB18918-2002). A maximum power density of 27.88 mW/m3 was achieved at a 51 Ω external resistor. During the continuous test, the COD removal efficiencies ranged from 83.2% to 97.4%. The concentration of NH4 +-N gradually decreased within 5 d and was then maintained below 9.45 mg/L, thus an enhanced removal performance of NH4 +-N was acquired. However, a low removal efficiency of total nitrogen was observed owing to the accumulation of NO3 --N in the effluent since day 11. Additionally, the MFC continually generated electricity with a maximum power density of 582.5 mW/m3 and average output voltage of 0.087 7 V during the stable period in the continuous operation mode. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing showed that Thauera sp., Saprospiraceae-UN sp., and OPB56-UN sp. were identified as dominant populations. The results suggested that the organic matter associated with power generation was constantly utilized by the microorganisms in the reactor, which caused an excellent electricity generation performance during the continuous test. Therefore, the continuous operation mode could improve the low output voltage phenomenon in the MFC. Thauera sp., as a type of nitrate-reducing bacteria, was enriched in the autotrophic denitrifying microbial communities; therefore, bio-enrichment with denitrifying bacteria such as Thauera sp. could decrease the concentration of NO3 --N in the effluent during the continuous operation mode, which is expected to be an innovation for improvement of wastewater treatment. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

燃油流量对防火试验火焰特征的影响

为了研究燃油流量对防火试验火焰特征的影响,为防火试验方案的设计提供参考和指导,采用Ansys Fluent软件对NexGen燃烧器进行三维定常数值模拟,分析了不同燃油流量条件下的火焰特征。结果表明:燃油流量对火焰最高温度和火焰形状几乎没有影响,但对火焰长度、监测面上温度分布、7个测量点的平均温度和热流密度有很大影响,通过分析各燃油流量条件下的火焰特征,发现当空气流量为35.8 g/s时,燃油流量在2.0~2.11 g/s——即余气系数为1.15~1.22时,能够用于防火试验。     

生物电化学系统对河道沉积物中抗生素的强化去除

生物电化学系统已被证明可以有效降解废水或污泥中的抗生素,但对于河道沉积物中抗生素降解效果的研究还十分有限.本研究以河道沉积物为底物,考察了沉积物中本底抗生素在微生物电解池（microbial electrolysis cell, MEC）和微生物燃料电池（microbial fuel cell, MFC）中的去除、迁移和降解效率,以及反应器运行期间的电化学性能和微生物种群结构变化.结果显示,MEC和MFC均可以强化沉积物中抗生素的去除,喹诺酮类抗生素和四环素类抗生素中的CTC的去除是向上覆水中迁移与生物电化学降解共同作用的结果,而大环内酯类抗生素和四环素类抗生素中的TC和OTC的去除主要是依靠生物电化学降解作用.TC和OTC在MEC中的降解效率分别比MFC高出82.6%和29.5%,而MFC对大环内酯类抗生素的降解效率比MEC高27.6%~40.6%.电化学性能测试结果显示,以河道沉积物为底物的MFC内阻较大导致其功率密度相对较低,但MFC阳极比MEC阳极表现出了更好的氧化效果.微生物种群结构变化分析发现,门水平上的Proteobacteria及其对应的纲水平上的Deltaproteobacteria和Gammaproteobacteria可能对抗生素的强化去除起到了主要的积极作用,而且MFC阳极比MEC更容易富集Proteobacteria.     

输油站的安全管理与消防

从输油站安全管理的方针、目的、管理对象及内容等方面进行分析和阐述,提出了预防输油站事故发生的技术措施和管理措施,可为输油站安全运营提供参考。