Development of novel absorbents for CO2 capture from blast furnace gas

In order to establish energy-saving technology for CO₂ capture from blast furnace gas, novel absorbents were developed in the laboratory and evaluated at a 1 t_CO2/d test plant. At first, CO₂ absorption and desorption behaviors of single-component amine solvents for simulated blast furnace gas (CO₂/N₂ = 20%/80%) were investigated through a screening test using a small scrubbing bottle. These amine solvents were additionally analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C NMR) spectroscopy and reaction calorimetry. The results of the laboratory experiments showed that there was a trade-off between absorption rate and enthalpy of absorption but some absorbents had unique features. For example, 2-isopropylaminoethanol (IPAE) had high absorption rate and small enthalpy of absorption. Then, new IPAE-based amine solvents (RITE solvents: RITE-A and RITE-B) were formulated and evaluated at the 1 t_CO2/d test plant. CO₂ regeneration energies of the RITE solvents were 3.3 and 3.1 GJ/t_CO2, respectively. With certain process conditions and plant specifications optimized, RITE-B was estimated to have the potential to achieve 2.5 GJ/t_CO2.     

便携式NDIR烟气分析仪在烧结炉CEMS二氧化硫比对测试中的应用研究

采用微流传感器的便携式非分散红外（NDIR）烟气分析仪具有测量精度高,运行稳定,抗干扰能力强,使用寿命长等优点,目前应用广泛。参考HJ／T46—1999{定电位电解法二氧化硫测定仪技术条件》要求,对便携式非分散红外（NDIR）烟气分析仪进行实验室性能测试,结果显示各项技术指标均符合标准要求。在钢铁烧结炉排放烟气含湿量与CO浓度较高的环境下,便携式非分散红外（NDIR）烟气分析仪与定电位电解法分析仪进行现场比对,结果显示该方法可以更加有效地去除H2O等各项干扰,适用于手工比对测试。     

竖炉烟气治理SO2减排效果分析——以抚顺新钢铁有限责任公司为例

抚顺新钢铁有限责任公司竖炉烟气脱硫改造项目实施后,预计SO2排放量将大幅削减,年排放量将减少3 564t,采用ADMS-EIA软件模拟计算,可以得出对距离污染源约4km处的望花例行监测点位的影响改善程度达到了5.8％,因此项目的实施将有效改善区域大气环境质量尤其是改善SO2的影响.     

Air classification of blast furnace dust collected in a fabric filter for recycling to the sinter process

Totally dry cleaning has become a common technology for top gas cleaning in blast furnaces in recent years. A significant advantage of totally dry gas cleaning is that the dust collected is obtained as dry powder, thus simplifying the recycling of the dust in the sinter plant and avoiding aqueous emissions. The concentration of some heavy metals, especially zinc, in the collected dust is usually higher than the maximum tolerable concentration for recycling to the sinter process. Therefore, a process for separation of dust with a low level of contamination from the rest is necessary to make partial recycling possible. This is possible because the limited components are more volatile and accumulate in the finer dust fraction. In wet blast furnace top gas cleaning, hydrocyclones are well established for this separation. For the separation of dry powder from the dry dedusting process air classification can be used. Dust from the top gas of a blast furnace with a fabric filter for dry top gas cleaning was split into several size fractions using a laboratory air classifier. The concentration of Ca, Cd, Cl, Cu, Fe, K, Na, Pb and Zn was analysed for each particle class and the loss on ignition was determined. A strong dependence of the concentration on the particle size was found for the more volatile metals, whereas the Fe and Ca concentration and the loss on ignition were quite evenly distributed. With the calculated recovery–removal-functions the possible recycling rate can be estimated for a given removal rate for the limited components.     

Evaluation of the use of a sequential extraction procedure for the characterization and treatment of metal containing solid waste

Metal containing wastes like MSWI fly ashes and blast furnace sludge form a major environmental problem as they are polluted with heavy metals. The ash has to be landfilled or can be used as a construction material, but a pretreatment is in general necessary. Washing of the ashes with water in order to dissolve soluble salts or extracting the heavy metals with chemicals are possibilities. Blast furnace sludge contains large quantities of iron and carbon and could be recycled in the blast furnace, if the zinc content were not that high. Using a hydrometallurgical process the zinc can be removed from the sludge particles. In order to evaluate such treatment methods knowledge of the leaching behaviour of the studied material is very important. One of the factors influencing the leaching behaviour is the composition and mineralogy of the solids. A sequential extraction procedure, whereby the material is sequentially leached with different leaching solutions, can be used as an aid to characterize the material and to determine which chemical conditions are needed to obtain a sufficient extraction efficiency. To verify the accuracy of the sequential extraction procedure, a method is tested on MSWI fly ash and evaluated by comparing the results with those of leaching experiments whereby the final pH of the leaching solutions is varied over a wide range. Based upon this evaluation some suggestions for the use of the sequential extraction procedure are made and an adapted procedure is suggested, and applied to a blast furnace sludge.     

悬浮液直接进样石墨炉原子吸收法测定湖泊底泥中的铅

试验了悬浮液直接进样平台石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定湖泊底泥中的铅。方法特征灵敏度为2 1× 10 -11g/ 0 0 0 44 (A·s) ,检测限 (3σ)为 2 5× 10 -11g ,相对标准差 (n =6 )小于 4% ,加标回收率在 90 %～ 110 %之间     

炉内配风方式对锅炉燃烧特性影响的数值模拟

为了了解不同配风工况对煤粉燃烧过程的影响,本文以四角切圆燃烧煤粉锅炉为研究对象,采用k-ε-f-g即混即燃气相燃烧模型与煤的双挥发反应热解模型对不同工况下炉内流动、燃烧等过程进行了数值模拟。其结果表明：当机组负荷一定时,适当减少一次风率使整个炉膛火焰充满度大大得到改善,火焰长度与煤粉着火距离有所缩短;采用倒宝塔型二次风配风方式对于较差煤种的稳定着火较为有利;而停止三次风时,炉膛温度水平较高,煤粉燃烧完全,锅炉效率有所提高。     

炼油废水处理设施的工艺改进

针对炼油废水处理设施运行过程中存在的问题 ,采取了相应的改进措施 :在气浮池中 ,取消多孔集水管 ,增设导水集泥斜板 ,将隔墙斜置 ,改顺水流刮渣为逆水流刮渣 ;在曝气沉淀池中 ,改池底中央进水为沿回流缝多点进水 ,改周边集水槽出水为径向集水槽出水 ;将活性炭回转再生炉改造为立式移动床。运行表明 ,改造取得了满意的效果。并从设计、运行控制参数的改进以及流体力学的基础理论等方面进行了论述     

石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤中铍的不确定度评定研究

根据石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法(GFAAS)测定土壤中铍的过程,建立相应的数学模型并对模型中各个参数进行了不确定度来源分析.依据测量不确定度的评定理论,对样品称量、定容体积、标准溶液的配制、曲线拟合、仪器测量重复性、干物质含量等影响不确定度的分量进行计算,给出了合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度,结果表明,测定结果的不确定性主要来源于标准拟合引入的不确定度,其次为仪器重复测定引入的不确定度,该评定方法为石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤中重金属元素的不确定度评定提供参考依据.     

Synthesis of TiO2 visible light catalysts with controllable crystalline phase and morphology from Ti-bearing electric arc furnace molten slag

TiO₂ visible light catalysts with different crystalline phases and morphologies were synthesized from titanium-bearing electric arc furnace molten slag (Ti-bearing EAF slag) by using a simple acidolysis process. The effects of the pH of the HCl solution, liquid to solid ratio (R_L/S, HCl solution to the residue ratio, mL/g) and acidolysis time on the micro-morphology and crystalline phase of as-prepared TiO₂ photocatalysts were systematically investigated. The results indicated that with decreasing pH in the HCl solution and increasing R_L/S, the crystalline phase and micro-morphology of the obtained TiO₂ nanostructures tended to transform from anatase type TiO₂ with spherical nanoparticle structures to rutile type TiO₂ with needle-like nanorod structures. The acidolysis time had little influence on the crystalline phase but great impact on the size of the obtained TiO₂. The growth mechanism of TiO₂ from Ti-bearing EAF slag during the acidolysis process was also discussed. In addition, the influence of R_L/S on the photocatalytic properties of the synthesized nanostructured TiO₂ was studied. The results showed that the photodegradation efficiency for Rhodamine B solution could reach 91.00% in 120 min when the R_L/S was controlled at 50:1.