多源土地利用地学知识的获取与应用

土地利用地学知识可应用于LIS智能化分析及辅助遥感影像解译,是国土信息化工程建设中值得深入研究的重要技术环节之一.明确了土地利用地学知识概念,构建了多数据源的土地利用地学知识体系,针对不同数据源分析了土地利用地学知识的获取及表达,并着重对土地利用地学知识辅助遥感影像解译进行了阐述,指出采用知识辅助高分辨率遥感影像解译是亟待深入开展研究的课题.     

分光光度法分析中增色、褪色反应标准曲线绘制的一般形式

介绍了在分光光度法分析中，增色反应和褪色反应的标准曲线绘制用朗伯-比耳定律可推导出一般数学表达形式。其中增色反应为Ai=kbCi，使用频率较高；褪色反应为A0-Ai=k′bCi，实际工作中应用较少。     

真鲷去毒相关基因cDNA序列的克隆与肝脏组成型表达分析

赤潮发生时产生的一些海洋生物毒素对人类和海洋动物的安全形成潜在的威胁甚至导致死亡.为从分子水平探讨鱼类中海洋藻毒素的去毒分子机理,采用RT-PCR法克隆了真鲷(Pagrus major)肝脏芳香烃受体核转位蛋白(ARNT)和I时相异生素代谢酶细胞色素P4501A(CYP1A)基因cDNA核心序列,同时,应用半定量RT-PCR方法,以β-肌动蛋白作为外参照,在其指数期增长的范围内研究了芳香烃受体(AHR)、ARNT、CYP1A、II时相异生素代谢酶alpha型谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTA1、GSTA2)、rho型谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTR)、热休克蛋白70(HSP70)基因组成型表达水平.结果发现,真鲷ARNT、CYP1A基因cDNA核心序列片段分别长438bp和908bp,分别编码146和302个氨基酸.序列同源性分析发现,真鲷与门齿鲷(Stenotomus chrysops)、石首鱼(Micropogon undulatus)ARNT基因氨基酸序列同源性高达97.2%、95.2%,与斑马鱼(Brachydanio rerio)、人、大鼠、小鼠ARNT同源性较低(77.2%～79.3%).真鲷与门齿鲷、金头鲷(Sparus auratus)、欧洲川鲽(Rhombus maximus)、欧洲海鲈(Dicentrachus labrax)CYP1A基因氨基酸序列同源性较高,为84.8%～94.0%,与斑马鱼、人、小鼠CYP1A同源性较低,为59.6%～77.8%.真鲷肝脏AHR、ARNT、CYP1A、GSTA1、GSTA2、GSTR和HSP70基因组成型表达水平分别为(25.32±6.56)%、(26.22±4.24)%、(146.5±16.06)%、(55.42±3.75)%、(48.82±10.89)%、(79.47±3.13)%、(107.42±14.34)%.     

一种基于改进的一致性算法数据融合技术

在重大工程结构健康监测中,随着研究对象复杂程度的提高,往往需要获得大量观测数据才能对结构进行有效的评估,因此采用多种或多个传感器进行测量已成为必然趋势。数据融合技术就是将多个传感器的测量结果进行综合处理,从而得出比单个传感器更为准确可靠的结果。本文基于一致性算法,提出一种改进的多传感器数据融合技术,该数据融合技术属于数据级融合,它克服了一致性算法中两传感器在测量精度不同时置信距离不同的缺点,并对支持矩阵进行模糊化处理,避免了人为定义阈值而产生的主观误差。文中通过算例,验证了此方法可获得较好的结果,并且能够有效地减小由于扰动因素造成的测量数据的变化。     

碱熔法回收废催化剂中的钴、钼和铝

采用碱熔法从废钴钼催化剂中回收钴、钼和铝。该方法的工艺过程为 :将废催化剂与纯碱按质量比 1∶1 8混合 ,在焙烧温度 90 0℃条件下 ,焙烧 2h ;用 2倍于熔块的沸水浸取30min ;用稀硫酸调浸取液 pH至 6 ,浸取液中的铝形成氢氧化铝被回收 ;然后除盐并回收钼酸钠 ;使酸浸黑渣中的钴形成氢氧化钴并脱水氧化成为氧化钴。用该工艺回收铝、钼和钴 ,其回收率可达 95 %以上 ,回收产品的纯度可达 97%以上。     

Risk assessment of an oil depot using the improved multi-sensor fusion approach based on the cloud model and the belief Jensen-Shannon divergence

At present, enterprises have introduced the Internet of Things (IoT) technology to monitor and evaluate the safety status of oil depots, allowing for the collection of a substantial amount of multi-source monitoring data from factories. However, sensor monitoring data is often inaccurate and fuzzy. To improve the reliability of risk prevention and control based on multi-source sensor data, this study proposed a CM-BJS-DS model based on the cloud model (CM), the Belief Jensen-Shannon (BJS) divergence and Dempster-Shafer(D-S) evidence theory. First, the relevant evaluation factors of the accident and their threshold intervals of different risk levels were determined, and the fuzzy cloud membership functions (FCMFs) corresponding to different risk levels were constructed. Then, the sensor monitoring data were processed using the correlation measurement of the FCMF, and basic probability assignments (BPAs) were generated under the risk assessment frame of discernment. Finally, the BPAs were pre-processed by the improved evidence fusion model and the accident risk level was evaluated. Based on the monitoring data, a case study was performed to assess the risk level of vapor cloud explosion (VCE) accidents due to liquid petroleum gas (LPG) tank leaks. The results show that the proposed method presents the following characteristics: (i) The BPAs were constructed based on the monitoring data, which reduced the subjectivity of the construction process; (ii) Compared with single sensors, the multiple sensor fusion evaluation yielded more specific results; (iii) When dealing with highly conflicting evidence, the evaluation results of the proposed method exhibited a higher belief degree. This method can be used as a decision-making tool to detect potential risks and identify critical risk spots to improve the specificity and efficiency of emergency response.     

The combined effect of uranium and gamma radiation on biological responses and oxidative stress induced in Arabidopsis thaliana

Uranium never occurs as a single pollutant in the environment, but always in combination with other stressors such as ionizing radiation. As effects induced by multiple contaminants can differ markedly from the effects induced by the individual stressors, this multiple pollution context should not be neglected. In this study, effects on growth, nutrient uptake and oxidative stress induced by the single stressors uranium and gamma radiation are compared with the effects induced by the combination of both stressors. By doing this, we aim to better understand the effects induced by the combined stressors but also to get more insight in stressor-specific response mechanisms. Eighteen-day-old Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings were exposed for 3 days to 10 μM uranium and 3.5 Gy gamma radiation. Gamma radiation interfered with uranium uptake, resulting in decreased uranium concentrations in the roots, but with higher transport to the leaves. This resulted in a better root growth but increased leaf lipid peroxidation. For the other endpoints studied, effects under combined exposure were mostly determined by uranium presence and only limited influenced by gamma presence. Furthermore, an important role is suggested for CAT1/2/3 gene expression under uranium and mixed stressor conditions in the leaves.     

基于信息融合的建筑施工安全预警管理研究

针对建筑业安全事故率居高不下的现状,找出事故频发的主要原因。基于主要原因中人、机、环境和管理4方面数据和信息的复杂性、不确定性,提出采用信息融合技术的D-S证据理论法对建筑施工全过程中的人、机、环境、管理4方面的数据和信息进行分析和预测,并构建建筑施工安全预警管理预测模型。该预测模型能判断建筑施工项目的"安全状态",能解决建筑施工中安全事故及危险源的预测问题;同时针对具体情况采取防范措施,及时矫正安全隐患和确保安全施工。将D-S证据理论法应用于建筑施工安全预警管理中,扩展了建筑施工安全管理的手段。     

转Bt基因棉花抗虫萜烯类化合物时空动态的HPLC分析

利用高效液相色谱（HPLC）技术对转Bt基因棉花抗虫萜烯化合物种类、含量以及时空动态进行了初步研究。结果表明,被研究的抗虫棉品种抗虫萜烯类化合物在不同品种、不同组织器官间含量差异较大。叶片中杀实夜蛾素（包括H1、H2、H3、H4)含量较高,花及蕾中棉酚含量的比例明显高于叶片。总抗虫萜烯类（包括棉酚、半棉酚酮、杀实夜蛾素H1、H2、H3、H4以及甲氧基半棉酚酮等）均以铃、顶叶含量最高,蕾、花柱等器官次之。说明在棉花不同品种、同一品种不同器官中是不同的萜烯类化合物在起到抗虫作用。图3参16     

短小芽孢杆菌A—30耐碱性木聚糖酶基因的分子生物学研究

采用PCR方法对短小芽孢杆菌A－30菌株的耐碱性木聚糖酶基因进行克隆。在木聚糖选择平板上用刚果红染色法筛选出阳性克隆,提取阳性克隆的重组质粒进行酶切鉴定和测序。该基因在大肠杆菌中表达,过夜培养物胞外、胞内和周质空间的木聚糖酶酶活分别为0．159IUmL^-1、0.322IUmL^-1和0.007IUmL^-1。此木聚糖酶表现出较宽的pH作用范围,最适作用pH7左右,在pH9时仍有60％以上的酶活性。图4参14