豆豉纤溶酶在枯草杆菌WB800中的高水平表达

一个来源于豆豉产生菌DC12的新的纤溶酶基因序列被克隆测序.为了实现在枯草杆菌中高水平表达豆豉纤溶酶,将来源于枯草杆菌168的重叠启动子P43序列以及转录终止信号序列通过重叠延伸融合,将融合序列克隆到大肠杆菌-枯草杆菌穿梭载体pBE3中,构建了pBEP43载体.将豆豉纤溶酶基因插入到载体pBEP43后转化枯草杆菌WB800.结果表明,在P43启动子驱动下,豆豉纤溶酶基因在重组菌中的对数生长期和平衡期均获得了表达且分泌到培养基中.重组菌经培养后上清液中的纤溶酶活性最高达1270U/mL,是豆豉纤溶酶基因在自身启动子驱动下表达量的1.87倍和野生菌株枯草杆菌DC12表达量的4.1倍.图5参16     

Gene expression responses of paper birch (Betula papyrifera) to elevated CO2 and O3 during leaf maturation and senescence

Gene expression responses of paper birch (Betula papyrifera) leaves to elevated concentrations of CO₂ and O₃ were studied with microarray analyses from three time points during the summer of 2004 at Aspen FACE. Microarray data were analyzed with clustering techniques, self-organizing maps, K-means clustering and Sammon's mappings, to detect similar gene expression patterns within sampling times and treatments. Most of the alterations in gene expression were caused by O₃, alone or in combination with CO₂. O₃ induced defensive reactions to oxidative stress and earlier leaf senescence, seen as decreased expression of photosynthesis- and carbon fixation-related genes, and increased expression of senescence-associated genes. The effects of elevated CO₂ reflected surplus of carbon that was directed to synthesis of secondary compounds. The combined CO₂ + O₃ treatment resulted in differential gene expression than with individual gas treatments or in changes similar to O₃ treatment, indicating that CO₂ cannot totally alleviate the harmful effects of O₃.     

基于深度学习的人工智能空气质量预报系统构建

针对现有空气质量预报系统存在预报精度低、人工经验辅助、适用范围单一等问题,利用深度学习方法在分析数据内在特征方面表现出的优异性能,结合多源数据融合技术,设计了基于深度学习的空气质量预报系统实现方案.通过对多源数据集的实时制作更新、分析空气质量演变的时空特性、定义和拟合深度学习模型并部署于服务器等关键技术的研究,最终实现...     

Optimization of the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay for detecting thyroid hormone signaling disruption of chemicals

T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis is an ideal model for detecting thyroid hormone(TH)signaling disruption of chemicals. To optimize the T3-induced Xenopus assay and improve its sensitivity and reproducibility, we intend to develop quantitatively morphological endpoints and choose appropriate concentrations and exposure durations for T3 induction.Xenopus laevis at stage 52 were exposed to series of concentrations of T3(0.31–2.5 nmol/L)for 6 days. By comparing morphological changes induced by T3, we propose head area,mouth width, unilateral brain width/brain length, and hindlimb length/snout-vent length as quantitative parameters for characterizing T3-induced morphological changes, with body weight as a parameter for indicating integrated changes. By analyzing time-response curves, we found that following 4-day exposure, T3-induced grossly morphological changes displayed linear concentration–response curves, with moderate morphological changes resulting from 1.25 nmol/L T3 exposure. When using grossly morphological endpoints to detect TH signaling disruption, we propose 4 days as exposure duration of T3, with concentrations close to 1.25 nmol/L as induction concentrations. However, it is appropriate to examine morphological and molecular changes of the intestine on day 2 due to their early response to T3. The quantitative endpoints and T3 induction concentrations and durations we determined would improve the sensitivity and the reproducibility of the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay.     

基于机器学习利用低成本传感器数据构建城市近地面PM2.5浓度的高分辨率空间分布

PM_2.5是当前影响中国城市空气质量的一种重要污染物,它对人体健康有不利影响,高时空间分辨率的PM_2.5浓度分布是城市大气污染 精细化防控和健康影响评估的重要基础.低成本传感器在中国城市空气质量监测领域得到越来越多的应用,但由于其数据质量不够高,其价值没有得到充分的挖掘.本研究以在长三角地区蚌埠市城区作为研究案例,首先基于国控站监测数据对低成本传感器观测数据进行校准.接着通过6种机器学习模型的预测性能的比较选取随机森林作为本研究的核心方法.然后利用随机森林方法结合土地利用类型、人口密度和通过WRF模式模拟得到的气象数据、监测数据等多源数据,构建了时间分辨率为1 h、空间分辨率为0.005°（接近500 m）的近地面PM_2.5浓度的时空分布.最后对几种方法的结果进行了比较和评估.反演得到的高分辨率PM_2.5浓度的10倍交叉验证结果显示,空间R²=0.95,RMSE=9.32 μg·m^-3,时间R²=0.88,RMSE=9.24 μg·m^-3.结果表明,低成本传感器观测数据可以帮助人们构建具有更高精度的高时空分辨率的PM_2.5浓度 分布,使得低成本传感器数据的时空特征价值得到更好的利用,同时也可为低成本传感器更好地服务于空气质量精细化管理提供一种新的 应用思路.     

五氯苯酚对污泥性能和功能基因表达水平的影响

氯酚废水是一类广泛存在于环境的典型工业废水,具有显著的生态毒性,为探讨废水中氯酚类化合物对污泥性能和功能基因表达水平的影响,采用HRT（水力停留时间）为8 h、SBR（间歇曝气的序批式生物反应器）处理进水浓度为2 mg/L的PCP（五氯苯酚）废水,并与处理不含PCP的废水作对比分析,探讨PCP对污染物去除和微生物菌群的影响,并分析PCP诱导下污泥中Pseudomonas功能基因的表达水平.结果表明:①1~90 d,进水浓度为2 mg/L的PCP严重抑制污泥活性,出水ρ（COD_Cr）超过100 mg/L,PCP降解去除缓慢,而对照组出水ρ（COD_Cr）在31.6 mg/L左右波动.90 d后,降解PCP的优势菌群富集,水相、泥相PCP被降解去除,但PCP的毒性作用使其出水ρ（COD_Cr）仍高于对照组.②经PCP长期驯化污泥富集的优势菌属为Chondromyces、Ignavibacterium、Thauera、Pseudoxanthomonas、Bosea、Achromobacter、Comamonas和Salimesophilobacter,均归属于变形菌门和厚壁菌门,在降解氯酚类污染物方面起着重要作用.③当处理PCP的SBR处于稳定运行阶段时,SBR运行周期末污泥中降解PCP的菌属Pseudomonas调控ATP水解酶（ATPase）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和细胞色素p450（CYP450）的功能基因表达被激活,而调控超氧化物歧化酶（SODb）、氨单加氧酶（AM）、脱氯水解酶（HDLH）和甘油三磷酸脱氢酶（GAPDH）的功能基因表达被抑制,即活性污泥中微生物调控不同基因的表达受进水PCP的抑制或激活.研究显示:进水PCP诱导SBR富集的优势菌属可实现废水中PCP的去除,起到削减废水毒性的作用;通过分析不同优势菌属的相关功能基因表达,可加强对不同微生物降解污染物机理的认识.      

信息融合技术在采空区安全评价中的应用研究

信息融合技术充分利用多源信息的互补性、综合性,可以极大地提高评价指标信息的质量和可信度。本文利用信息融合的理论和方法,建立了煤矿采空区安全性评价的数学模型,给出了基于D-S证据理论的多源信息分析、处理、分配、融合等信息处理步骤,结合GIS的强大图形处理能力,快速生成成果图。通过对某采空区安全预测的实际应用,获得了满意的效果,说明所建模型的有效性和实用性。     

国有企业安全生产中发挥党组织作用的思考

剖析了国企安全生产中发挥党组织作用的现实差距,提出了安全生产中发挥党组织作用的路径措施:深化政治建设提升引领力,抓好有效覆盖提升组织力,促进深度融合提升推动力,加强群团作用提升凝聚力,强化监督考评提升驱动力。充分发挥党组织作用,使"根"从基层扎牢、"魂"从堡垒筑强,就能本固基稳,扛起安全生产"泰山之重"的责任,引领保障企业高质量发展和建设世界一流企业行稳致远。     

导弹产品贮存寿命多源信息融合评估技术综述

面向综合利用导弹产品贮存寿命多源信息的迫切需求,从导弹贮存寿命多源信息的来源、特点、融合模型等3方面进行了综述。分析了导弹产品贮存寿命信息的来源,介绍了自然贮存试验信息、加速贮存试验信息、贮存寿命设计信息的组成内容及优缺点。阐述了导弹贮存寿命多源信息的阶段性、层次性和多源性的特点。对贮存寿命多源信息融合的功能模型、融合层次与算法模型,对加权平均法、贝叶斯融合法、神经网络法、D-S证据理论等方面的应用研究进行了总结。随后,提出了贮存寿命多源信息融合功能模型,涵盖信息源、单元信息融合、系统信息融合、辅助支持系统等模块。最后,针对当前贮存寿命多源信息融合技术研究存在的问题,对未来研究方向进行了展望。     

Cloning, expression in Escherichia coli, and enzymatic properties of laccase from Aeromonas hydrophila WL-11

A strain WL-11 with high laccase activity was isolated from activated sludge collected from the effluent treatment plant of a textile and dyeing industry.It was identified as Aeromonas hydrophila by physiological test and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.A gene encoding of laccase from a newly isolated Aeromonas hydrophila WL-11 was cloned and characterized.Nucleotide sequence analysis showed an open reading frame of 1605 bp encoding a polypeptide comprised of 534 amino acids.The primary structure of the enzyme predicted the structural features characteristic of other laccases,including the conserved regions of four histidine-rich copper-binding sites.The predicted amino acid sequence showed a high homology(more than 60%) with bacterial laccases in the genome and protein databases and the highest degree of similarity(61% identity) was observed with the multicopper oxidase of Klebsiella sp.601.When expressed in Escherichia coli,the recombinant enzyme was overproduced in the cytoplasm as soluble and active form.The purified enzyme had an optimum pH of 2.6 and 8.0 for ABTS(2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazolinesulfonic acid) and DMP(2,6-dimethoxyphenol),respectively.The kinetic study on ABTS revealed a higher affinity of this enzyme to this substrate than DMP.