北亚热带过渡区土壤的模糊聚类分析

本文阐述了北亚热带过渡区十个土壤剖面的成土条件和基本性质，应用模糊聚类对土壤的五项诊断指标进行了分析，并与发生分类和诊断分类相比较．在中国土壤系统分类中提出建立淋溶土纲和始成土纲的基础上，探讨了供试土壤的分类地位。其中０１－０４号剖面属于典型铁质湿润淋溶上亚类；０５—０７和０９号剖面归为铁质粘磐半干润淋溶土亚类；０８号剖面为典型半干润淡色始成上亚类，１０号剖面为典型淡色滞水淋溶士亚类。     

天津市医疗废物处置规划及策略研究

以天津市医疗废物管理现状为研究对象,对处置方式进行深入探讨,分析目前分散处置和集中处置存在的缺陷,提出"区域集中处置"设想;并运用模糊决策模型理论,建立较完善的处置方式评价指标体系,应用模糊综合评价模型得出"区域集中处置"是最佳的医疗废物处置方式,同时提出了相应的区域集中处置策略.     

偶氮染料直接大红GBE脱色细菌的筛选及研究

从保定市某印染厂曝气池废水中分离到一株对染料直接大红GBE有高效脱色效果的菌株HD 1,经鉴定 ,该菌为沙门氏菌属 (Salmonella) ,在 2 5— 3 7℃都有较高的脱色率 ,最佳脱色温度为 3 7℃ ,在pH 6— 8范围内对染料具有明显的脱色效果 ,最佳脱色 pH值为 7.0 ,氧气对脱色具有一定的抑制作用。染料脱色产物的紫外 -可见光谱分析表明 ,可见光区 488nm处的吸收峰完全消失 ,而在紫外区出现了两个吸收峰     

Oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by fungal isolates from an oil contaminated refinery soil

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Indigenous soil microorganisms are used for the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in oily waste residues from the petroleum refining industry. The objective of this investigation was to determine the potential of indigenous strains of fungi in soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons to biodegrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty one fungal strains were isolated from a soil used for land-farming of oily waste residues from the petrochemical refining industry in Singapore and identified to genus level using laboratory culture and morphological techniques. Isolates were incubated in the presence of 30 mg/L of phenanthrene over a period of 28 days at 30 degrees C. The most effective strain was further evaluated to determine its ability to oxidise a wider range of PAH compounds of various molecular weight i.e acenaphthene, fluorene, fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(ah)anthracene RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: After 28 days of incubation, 18 of the 21 fungal cultures were capable of oxidising over 50% of the phenanthrene present in culture medium, relative to abiotic controls. Fungal isolate, Penicillium sp. 06, was able to oxidise 89% of the phenanthrene present. This isolate could also oxidise more than 75% of the acenaphthene, fluorene and fluoranthene after 30 days of incubation. However, the oxidation of high molecular weight PAH i.e. chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(ah)anthracene by the Penicillium sp. 06 isolate was limited, where the extent of oxidation was inversely proportional to PAH molecular weight. CONCLUSIONS: Fungal isolate, Penicillium sp. 06, was effective at oxidising a range of PAH in petroleum contaminated soils, but higher molecular weight PAH were more recalcitrant. RECOMMENDATIONS AND OUTLOOK: There is potential for the re-application of this fungal strain to soil for bioremediation purposes.     

Detection and delineation of critical areas using echelons and spatial scan statistics with synoptic cellular data

Geographical surveillance for hotspot detection and delineation has become an important area of investigation both in geospatial ecosystem health and in geospatial public health. In order to find critical areas based on synoptic cellular data, geospatial ecosystem health investigations apply recently discovered echelon tools. In order to find elevated rate areas based on synoptic cellular data, geospatial public health investigations apply recently discovered spatial scan statistic tools. The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize a joint role for these together in the spirit of a cross-disciplinary cross-fertilization to accomplish more effective and efficient geographical surveillance for hotspot detection and delineation, and early warning system.     

A framework based on fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS for prioritizing solutions to overcome the barriers in the implementation of ecodesign practices in SMEs

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are under pressure to adopt sustainable practices in their business due to increasing environmental challenges. This study aims to identify and prioritize the solutions to overcome the barriers in the implementation of ecodesign practices in SMEs. This study helps the companies to develop and implement the strategies on priority using higher ranked solutions. In this study, a framework is proposed that is based on fuzzy analytical hierarchy process and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution to rank the solutions that overcome the barriers in ecodesign implementation in SMEs. The proposed framework is illustrated by conducting a case study of an Indian ring and piston manufacturing company. This framework provides an effective support in the decision-making of the company for producing eco-friendly products through the implementation of ecodesign practices. Results of this study emphasize that training of designers to use different ecodesign tools is an essential practice for SMEs.     

一株好氧反硝化细菌的鉴定及其在废水处理中的应用

从武汉市郊稻田土壤中分离得到一株好氧反硝化细菌HS-03,对其反硝化能力进行了研究.结果表明:细菌HS-03在好氧条件下能有效去除人工废水中的NO3-(10mmol/L),去除率达90%以上,并且在反应过程中没有NO2-的积累.菌株HS-03与Pseudomonasstutzeri的16SrDNA序列具有99.1%的相似性.对该菌株的16SrDNA序列以及生理生化特征分析表明,细菌HS-03是P.stutzeri的一个新分离种.实验采用ClastalW和PHYLIP程序对该菌株与报道菌进行了系统发育进化分析.图5表2参14     

采空区地面塌陷危险性两级模糊综合评判

根据门城镇采空区实地勘查资料,采用两级模糊综合评判的理论与方法,建立了地面塌陷危险性评判模型及评判指标,对采空区地面塌陷危险性进行了分区预测,其结果与实际情况吻合较好,可作为该区的开发建设规划及地质灾害防治工作的依据。     

荧光光谱法鉴别海面溢油源的研究进展

本文以大量的研究成果介绍了荧光光谱技术在鉴别海面溢油源中的应用和进展。根据普通荧光光谱、同步扫描光谱、可变角同步扫描光谱和总荧光光谱等不同荧光光谱信息特等，论述了荧光光谱的三维特性及维特性及其在溢油鉴别中的应用。同时，结合低温荧光法、磷光光谱法、导数荧光光谱法等辅助方法和技术，介绍了国内外荧光光谱法鉴别海面溢油的新进展和新成果。     

大气对人体硒、碘、氟的直接影响研究

对一个磷肥厂周围12个村庄的人发、粮食和饮水硒、碘、氟进行了测定,利用改进的模糊数学中的群体识别法对以上数据进行分析,所得结果表明,受污染较重的几个村庄人体硒、碘、氟含量确实受到来自磷肥厂的大气高浓度硒、碘、氟的直接影响.