南黄海6.1级地震的前兆分析

综述了１９９６年１１月９日南黄海６．１级地震震前所识别的前兆,其中包括十余项测震学前兆和地形（应）变、水化、地电等手段的多项前兆,分析了震前依据前兆而作出的预报实况,并根据目前所认识的地震前兆的某些物理基础,讨论了对这次地震可能作出预报的程度。     

乌什300km内6级强震的应变异常特征初步分析

自1984年乌什架设高精度钻孔应变以来,乌什300km内发生了9组共16次6级地震,在这些地震前应变仪器记录到了异常。本文对乌什台应变异常特征进行了初步分析,认为钻孔应变对乌什300km内的地震有较好的映震能力,以短期、短临异常为主,以张性突跳、波动不稳定变化为特征。     

乌什300km内6级强震的应变异常特征初步分析

自1984年乌什架设高精度钻孔应变以来，乌什300km内发生了9组共16次6级地震，在这些地震前应变仪器记录到了异常。本文对乌什台应变异常特征进行了初步分析，认为钻孔应变对乌什300km内的地震有较好的映震能力，以短期、短临异常为主，以张性突跳、波动不稳定变化为特征。     

CuO/AC@SiO_2的制备及对H_2S的深度脱除

采用模板法在CuO外包裹一层具有介孔结构的SiO_2,制备了CuO/AC@SiO_2。采用X射线衍射仪对CuO/AC@SiO_2的结构和催化活性位点进行了表征。通过固定床气固吸附实验,研究了CuO/AC@SiO_2对H_2S的吸附脱除性能。表征结果显示,CuO是催化氧化H_2S的活性中心,被氧化成Cu2O后吸附脱除H_2S的性能下降。实验结果表明:CuO/AC吸附H_2S时的有效穿透时间为117 min,CuO/AC@SiO_2的有效穿透时间提高到141 min,CuO/AC@SiO_2对H_2S的吸附性能明显提高;以Cu(NO_3)_2为前驱体的CuO/AC@SiO_2对H_2S的吸附量高于以Cu(AC)_2为前驱体;在Cu(NO_3)_2为前驱体、m(正硅酸乙酯)∶m(CuO/AC)=0.7、吸附温度为90℃的最佳条件下,CuO/AC@SiO_2对H_2S的吸附量达17.40 mg/g。     

冶炼烟气含硒量检测方法的探讨和实践

论述了冶炼烟气中含硒量特别是气态硒检测的方法，并对有效选用采样仪器，抽气体积，吸收液等关键问题做了具有针对性的分析探讨。     

No difference in activity of Sod-1 genotypes of Poa annua to short-term treatment of ambient gaseous organic pollution

Our previous studies indicated that genotypes at locus Sod-1 of Poa annua changed clinally along a gradient of gaseous organic pollution. In the present study, we aimed to know whether there were differential responses of activities of different superoxide dismutase （SOD） genotypes to short-term treatment of ambient gaseous organic pollution. Significant bias from Hardy-Weinberg equibrium was observed on locus Sod-1, and no genotype Sod- l-BB was found. Significantly increased activities were observed in most treatments for genotype Sod-1-AA and in one treatment for genotype Sod-1-AB. However, no significant difference in SOD activities was found between the two genotypes. It was interpreted that fitness difference between the two genotypes was small and treatment duration was too short or extent of ambient organic pollution was too low to lead to differential responses. Other environmental factor effects on activities of superoxide dismutases can also explain the results.     

Unified correlations for vent sizing of enclosures at atmospheric and elevated pressures

Innovative vent sizing technology is presented for explosion safety design of equipment at atmospheric and elevated initial pressures. Unified correlations for vent sizing are suggested. They are modifications of previously reported correlations verified thoroughly for experimental data on vented gaseous deflagrations under different conditions but only at initial atmospheric pressure. Suggested correlations are based on experimental data on vented deflagrations of quiescent and turbulent propane–air mixtures at initial pressures up to 0.7 MPa. Typical values of turbulence factor and deflagration–outflow interaction number are obtained for experimental vented deflagrations at initial pressures higher than atmospheric.

“Blind” examination of new vent sizing technology on another set of experiments with methane–air and propane–air mixtures has shown that predictions by suggested vent sizing technology are better than by the NFPA 68 guide for “Venting of Deflagrations”.

In the development of recently reported results for initial atmospheric pressure it has been concluded that the innovative vent sizing technology is more reliable compared to the NFPA 68 guide at elevated initial pressures as well. Moreover it is crucial that the calculation procedure remains the same for arbitrary deflagration conditions.     

大气硝酸测量方法研究进展

大气中硝酸(HNO3)的生成是排放到空气中氮氧化物(NOx)的主要沉降途径,对降水酸化、二次细颗粒物中硝酸盐的形成以及在研究光化学污染和霾形成等大气复合污染过程之间的联系中具有重要作用.获得高时间分辨率、准确的大气HNO3测量数据对研究和认识大气中NOx的循环机理是十分必要和迫切的.大气中的HNO3浓度低且具有很强的吸...     

MAMA双功能螯合剂前体的合成及结构表征

双功能螯合剂在放射性药物的研究、合成、应用,特别是在生物分子的放射性标记方面发挥着极为重要的作用.本文采用简易方法合成了MAMA双功能螯合剂前体,N-(2"-对甲氧苄巯乙基)-2-[(2'-对甲氧苄巯乙基)氨基]乙酰胺,并通过Uv-vis、IR、1HNMR、MS以及元素分析等对其结构组成进行了确证;同时,利用Gaussian 03W程序对其进行了结构优化描述,并计算了相应的分子能量.此外,对制备得到的前体进行了稳定化处理,将其转化为盐酸盐形式,并用IR、1HNMR等进行了检验,确定了此处理是合理可行的.     

水稻对气态单质汞的吸收与挥发

湿地是汞的重要富集场所,其还原性底质会促进气态单质汞的产生.湿地植物已进化出一系列适应淹水环境的生态特征,其中发达的通气组织可以从大气向根部输送氧气满足根系的呼吸作用.以水稻这一典型的湿地植物为例,研究其根系及通气组织是否也能成为根际气态汞向大气运输的通道,并探究其过程和影响因素.通过设计密闭分室培养装置将水稻根部与地上部分隔开,对水稻根部进行汞蒸气暴露,并通过气体吸收剂吸收由叶片挥发出的气态汞.结果表明,水稻可以从根系吸收气态单质汞并向地上组织迁移,其中根系的汞含量与水稻根孔隙度呈显著负相关,并呈二次拟合(R=0.8309,P0.01);而水稻地上部汞迁移量与水稻根表面积和根体积均呈线性正相关(R=0.896,P0.01;R=0.871,P0.01).由根系吸收的汞最终可通过水稻叶片挥发进入大气,叶片汞的挥发量随着叶片面积的增加呈线性增加(R=0.897,P0.01),单位叶面积汞挥发量与水稻蒸腾作用强度呈线性显著正相关(R=0.73,P0.01).证明了水稻根系不仅能吸收气态单质汞,并且能将汞从根部转运到地上部,再通过叶片的气孔释放到空气中.为进一步揭示湿地生态系统中汞的迁移及调控机制提供了科学依据.