新型铅合金电极用于电解法制备臭氧的研究

探讨了Pb、Pb-0.5％Sn、Pb-0.8％Sn、Pb-1.78%Sn、Pb-1.35%Sn-0.049?、Pb-0.8％Sn-0.1％Ca-0.1％Ce铅合金电极的电化学性能、耐腐蚀性能和电解产生臭氧的产率，及铅合金电极在不同电流强度条件下电解产生臭氧的最佳条件。实验结果表明：掺杂了Sn，Ce等金属能提高铅合金电极的析氧电位和臭氧产率，其中当以PB-0.8％Sn-0.1％Ca-0.1％Ce合金电极为阳极，铂电极为阴极。饱和硫酸钾溶液为电解液，电流强度为7.5mA时，臭氧产率最高达到19％。     

低温余热发电技术在新型干法水泥生产线的应用

常州盘固水泥有限公司在新建4 500t·d-1水泥熟料生产线的同时,配套建设了低温余热发电,项目建成后,吨水泥能耗下降11%,窑头烟气粉尘削减量为2%,年增直接经济效益2 603万元,真正实现了节能减排增效的目标.     

降低城市生活垃圾焚烧发电设施建设与运行费用的本土化方法研究

城市生活垃圾焚烧发电技术是比较完善的城市生活垃圾处理与资源综合利用方法 ,其推广应用的困难在于建设与运行费用较高。本文分析费用较高的原因 ,提出设备本土化是最好的降低费用方法 ,并分析了城市生活垃圾焚烧发电设备本土化的基础、必要性、可行方案、成功实例以及现行政策及发展趋向 ,可供城市生活垃圾焚烧发电设施建设、运行方案及相关政策决策人员参考     

垃圾焚烧发电的应用前景分析及应对措施

介绍了城市生活垃圾的危害和处置方式，通过对各种处置方式存在问题的比较，得出垃圾焚烧发电前景广阔，符合垃圾利用减量化、资源化、无害化的利用原则。同时对垃圾焚烧发电的应用提出了一些应对措施。     

矿山溜井口粉尘分布特征及治理技术研究*

为解决矿山溜井卸矿过程中粉尘浓度高、现有粉尘治理效果不佳的难题,以某金属矿溜井为研究对象,采用现场实测、理论分析等手段,分析溜井卸矿时粉尘的产生机理、粉尘浓度及粒径分布特征。基于溜井口产尘现状,研发新型复合除尘净化系统,并在该矿山溜井口开展现场试验研究。结果表明:该系统运行后对溜井粉尘除尘效果显著,进化后气流的粉尘浓度控制在2 mg/m3以内,可作为井下通风系统的进风风流,有效地提高了矿井通风系统风流利用率,在矿山生产系统具有广泛的应用前景。     

碳税对我国宏观经济及可再生能源发电技术的影响——基于电力部门细分的CGE模型

本文基于电力行业上市公司年报数据将传统CGE模型中的电力部门细分为7个发电部门,其中包含水电、风电、光伏和生物质电4个可再生能源发电部门.首先基于传统CGE模型和电力部门细分的CGE模型比较了我国引入可再生能源发电技术前后征收碳税对宏观经济的影响,然后分析了单一碳税政策、碳税与可再生能源发电补贴复合政策对可再生能源发电技术发展的影响.研究发现：引入可再生能源发电技术后,征收碳税对宏观经济的负面影响相比没有引入而言将有所降低;征收碳税将促进可再生能源发电技术的发展;在征收碳税的同时如果对特定可再生能源发电技术给予补贴,可能会对未受到补贴且不具备成本比较优势的可再生能源发电技术产生“挤出效应”.     

中国村镇生活垃圾特性及处理现状

为了系统充分了解现阶段我国村镇生活垃圾特性、处理模式及方式,概述了全国各区域村镇生活垃圾特征,介绍了村镇生活垃圾的处理现状,包括收运、分类回收、处理模式以及处置方式.以青岛农村地区为例,分析了垃圾产量主要相关因素影响程度大小,并预测了垃圾产量.可为各地村镇生活垃圾的特性分析及处理方式选用提供一定的支撑.     

高锰酸钾对牛粪微生物燃料电池长期产电性能的影响

为探讨KMnO₄用作阴极电子受体对牛粪长期发酵产电性能的影响,构建了以牛粪为主要底物的双室微生物燃料电池（Microbial fuel cell,MFC）,考察了50,200,800mg/L KMnO₄时牛粪MFC开路电势、输出电压、功率密度、有机底物变化及降解情况.结果表明：当KMnO₄为800mg/L（MFC-800）时产生的开路电势和输出电压最高,分别达到1148mV和234mV,最大功率密度达177mW/m³,库伦效率和净产能最大,分别为18%和19.5MJ/t;电池运行203d后,MFC-800的COD去除率最高,达68.1%;在电池运行过程中,MFC-800的VFA浓度增加了3.5倍,达388mmol/L;pH值从7.25下降到5.71下降了1.54;产电结束后,阳极发酵固态剩余物的成分符合《有机肥料》（NY525-2012）标准,可用于有机肥料生产.     

In-situ generation of gold nanoparticles on MnO2 nanosheets for the enhanced oxidative degradation of basic dye (methylene blue)

In this work, the gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) were in-situ generated on the surface of MnO2 nanosheets to form MnO2/Au-NPs nanocomposite in a simple and cost-effective way. Multiple experiments were carried out to optimize the oxidation of basic dye (Methylene Blue (MB)),including the molar ratio of MnO2 to chloroauric acid (HAuCl4), the pH of the solution and the effect of initialmaterial. Under the optimal condition, the highest degradation efficiency for MB achieved to 98.9% within 60 min, which was obviously better than commercial MnO2 powders (4.3%) andMnO2 nanosheets (74.2%). The enhanced oxidative degradationmight attribute to the in-situ generation of ultra-small and highly-dispersed Au-NPs which enlarged the synergistic effect and/or interfacial effect betweenMnO2 nanosheets and Au-NPs and facilitated the uptake of electrons by MnO2 from MB during the oxidation, thus validating the application of MnO2/Au-NPs nanocomposite for direct removal of organic dyes from wastewater in a simple and convenient fashion.     

Effect of air-exposed biocathode on the performance of a Thauera-dominated membraneless single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC)

To investigate the effect of air-exposed biocathode(AEB) on the performance of singlechamber microbial fuel cell(SCMFC), wastewater quality, bioelectrochemical characteristics and the electrode biofilms were researched. It was demonstrated that exposing the biocathode to air was beneficial to nitrogen removal and current generation. In Test 1 of 95%AEB, removal rates of ammonia, total nitrogen(TN) and chemical oxygen demand(COD)reached 99.34% ± 0.11%, 99.34% ± 0.10% and 90.79% ± 0.12%, respectively. The nitrogen removal loading rates were 36.38 g N/m~3/day. Meanwhile, current density and power density obtained at 0.7 A/m3 and 104 m W/m~3 respectively. Further experiments on opencircuit(Test 2) and carbon source(Test 3) indicated that this high performance could be attributed to simultaneous biological nitrification/denitrification and aerobic denitrification, as well as bioelectrochemical denitrification. Results of community analysis demonstrated that both microbial community structures on the surface of the cathode and in the liquid of the chamber were different. The percentage of Thauera, identified as denitrifying bacteria, maintained at a high level of over 50% in water, but decreased gradually in the AEB. Moreover, the genus Nitrosomonas, Alishewanella, Arcobacter and Rheinheimera were significantly enriched in the AEB, which might contribute to both enhancement of nitrogen removal and electricity generation.