中药青蒿的生理生化特征及其研究进展

中药青蒿即黄花蒿 (ＡｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａａｎｎｕａＬ .) ,与分类学上的青蒿 (Ａｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａａｐｉａｃｅａ)同属菊科 (ＡｓｔｅｒａｃｅａｅｏｒＣｏｍｐｏｓｉｔａｅ)蒿属(Ａｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａ) ,两者均为一年生草本植物且形态上非常相似 ,最明显的区别是黄花蒿的叶片为三回羽状全裂 ,而青蒿为二回羽状全裂 .青蒿广泛分布于全国各地 ,多生于海拔 40 0ｍ以下的丘陵平地[1] .现在这种植物广泛分布于世界各地[2 ] .青蒿在许多地区被用于编制花环 ,提取香料 ,更重要的是从青蒿中分离出的青蒿素是所有抗疟药中起效最快、疗效最好、毒性最低…     

植物生物技术在黑麦草遗传改良中的应用

黑麦草是重要的牧草和草坪草,是畜牧业和草坪业重要的产业支柱.由于高度自交不亲和,传统遗传改良困难而复杂.生物技术尤其是转基因技术为其遗传改良带来希望.本文概述了组织培养技术、基因遗传转化技术、分子标记及数量性状基因定位、分子标记辅助育种等技术在黑麦草遗传改良中的应用及获得的成果;评述了遗传改良的重要意义,以及黑麦草遗传改良的主要目标,如品质改良、提高病害抗性、降低毒性生物碱浓度、控制花粉致敏性、抗除草剂品种的培育、提高抗逆性及其作为生物反应器的潜在应用价值等;并分析了功能基因组学的研究及RNA干扰技术在黑麦草研究中可能的应用前景.     

加速基因算法在海洋环境预报中的应用

基于自然选择和自然基因机制的基因算法是一种优秀的寻优方法，它利用遗传操作算子来模拟生物界的优生劣汰的规律，是一种多路径全局优化方法。为增强经典基因算法对实际模型参数变化范围的适应性，加快其全局寻优速度和简化算法参数设置技术，本文给邮了一种改进基因算法，并在海渔期预报，冰情预报中得到成功应用。该法可广泛用于各种工程模型优化之中。     

利用rep-PCR研究云南尼泊尔桤木根瘤内Frankia基因多样性

利用rep-PCR指纹技术对云南5个地区的尼泊尔桤木根瘤内Frankia菌基因多样性进行研究,实验发现Frankia菌呈现丰富的基因多样性.所有71个样品被分为11种不同的基因类型.除高黎贡山外,不同地域都有某种基因型占优势,显示Frankia菌基因型与地域有紧密关系.所观察的5个地区中,高黎贡山Frankia菌基因型种类最多,多样性指数最高,基因多样性最为丰富.结合高黎贡山地理资料及其它生物多样性相关研究,推测与高黎贡山尼泊尔桤木共生的Frankia可能作为种储备库,为其它地区的寄主植物提供了祖先菌株.图8表1参13     

基于粗集、遗传神经网络的环境质量评价

基于粗集、遗传神经网络的环境质量评价方法利用粗集对属性的归约功能将数据库中的数据进行归约，并将归约后的数据作为训练数据提供给BP神经网络；再用遗传算法和BP算法相结合的混合算法来训练网络预测模型的结构（在得到最优网络结构的同时也得到网络的最优权值和阈值）。通过实例表明该方法是有效的，为环境质量评价提供了一种新的研究思路和分析方法。     

Simulation on an optimal combustion control strategy for 3-D temperature distributions in tangentially pc-fired utility boiler furnaces

The control of 3-D temperature distribution in a utility boiler fumace is essential for the safe, economic and clean operation of pc-fired fumace with multi-burner system. The development of the visualization of 3-D temperature distributions in pcfired fumaces makes it possible for a new combustion control strategy directly with the fumace temperature as its goal to improve the control quality for the combustion processes. Studied in this paper is such a new strategy that the whole fumace is divided into several parts in the vertical direction, and the average temperature and its bias from the center in every cross section can be extracted from the visualization results of the3-D temperature distributions. In the simulation stage, a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) code served to calculate the 3-D temperature distributions in a furnace, then a linear model was set up to relate the features of the temperature distributions with the input of the combustion processes, such as the flow rates of fuel and air fed into the furnaces through all the bumers. The adaptive genetic algorithm was adopted to find the optimal combination of the whole input parameters which ensure to form an optimal 3-D temperature field in the fumace desired for the operation of boiler. Simulation results showed that the strategy could soon find the factors making the temperature distribution apart from the optimal state and give correct adjusting suggestions.     

三价铕对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传毒性研究

研究了三价价态稀土元素铕对蚕豆根尖细胞遗传毒性。结果表明，Ｅｕ＾３＋能诱发蚕豆根尖细胞产生微核、染色体桥和染色体粘连等遗传损伤。有关实验数据统计结果还显示微核和染色体桥等遗传损伤指标之间以及它们与Ｅｕ＾３＋处理浓度之间均存在显的相关关系。     

Prenatal diagnosis of Huntington's disease (HD): Experiences with six cases and PCR

In the course of a 2-year predictive testing programme for Huntington's disease (HD), six couples from a total of 52 applicants requested prenatal testing. In each case, the pregnancy was in the first or second trimester when the couples were referred for DNA diagnosis. In five cases, exclusion testing was offered; in one case, a person at risk with an increased risk of being a gene carrier requested prenatal diagnosis. In all cases, informative markers for prenatal testing could be determined. Whenever possible, the newer technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for D4S125 was applied to perform rapid prenatal diagnosis. Two couples withdrew before chorionic villus sampling was undertaken; prenatal diagnosis was completed in the remaining four cases. After exclusion testing, two pregnancies were determined to have an increased risk and two fetuses to have a low risk of being HD gene carriers.     

A genetic algorithm based stochastic programming model for air quality management

This paper presents a model that can aid planners in defining the total allowable pollutant discharge in the planning region,accounting for the dynamic and stochastic character of meteorological conditions.This is accomplished by integrating Monte Carlo simulation and using genetic algorithm to solve the model.The model is demonstrated by using a realistic air urban-scale SO2 control problem in the Yuxi City of China.To evaluate effectiveness of the model,results of the approach are shown to compare with those of the linear deterministic procedures. This paper also provides a valuable insight into how air quality targets should be made when the air pollutant will not threat the residents‘ health.Finally,a discussion of the areas for further research are briefly delineated.