REAL CODED GENETIC ALGORITHM OPTIMIZATION OF LONG TERM RESERVOIR OPERATION1

ABSTRACT: An optimization and simulation model holds promise as an efficient and robust method for long term reservoir operation, an increasingly important facet of managing water resources. Recently, genetic algorithms have been demonstrated to be highly effective optimization methods. According to previous studies, a real coded genetic algorithm (RGA) has many advantages over a binary coded genetic algorithm. Accordingly, this work applies an RGA to obtain the 10‐day (the traditional period of reservoir operation in Taiwan) operating rule curves for the proposed reservoir system. The RGA is combined with an effective and flexible scheme for coding the reservoir rule curves and applied to an important reservoir in Taiwan, considering a water reservoir development scenario to the year 2021. Each rule curve is evaluated using a complex simulation model to determine a performance index for a given flow series. The process of generating and evaluating decision parameters is repeated until no further improvement in performance is obtained. Many experiments were performed to determine the suitable RGA components, including macro evolutionary (ME) selection and blend‐α crossover. Macro evolution (ME) can be applied to prevent the premature problem of the conventional selection scheme of genetic algorithm. The purpose of adjusting a of a crossover scheme is to determine the exploratory or exploitative degree of various subpopulations. The appropriate rule curve searched by an RGA can minimize the water deficit and maintain the high water level of the reservoir. The results also show that the most promising RGA for this problem consists of these revised operators significantly improves the performance of a system. It is also very efficient for optimizing other highly nonlinear systems.     

基于遗传算法的大气颗粒物的源解析

遗传算法是一种全局优化的随机搜索方法,适用于模型参数寻优。将遗传算法用于大气颗粒物源解析的CMB方程组中参数的优化,得到各污染源对大气颗粒物的优化贡献率。该方法应用于成都市大气颗粒物的源解析结果与用其他多种源解析法得出的结果基本一致。理论分析和应用实践表明了遗传算法用于大气颗粒物源解析研究具有简便、准确和实用性强等特点。      

基因工程菌强化芳香化合物的处理工艺

分别固定克隆有甲苯加双氧酶基因的工程菌和筛选出的野生菌株,串联两种固定化细胞反应器,研究以基因工程菌突破关键步骤的限制,筛选菌株辅助完成彻底降解芳香类污染物复合工艺可行性和强化效果.克隆有苯降解过程中的关键基因——甲苯加双氧酶的基因工程菌E. coli. JM109(pKST11)对苯具有较高的降解效率和降解速度,应用于固定化细胞反应器中效果突出.在较短的水力停留时间内,可以将1500mg/L苯降解70%,降解速度为1.11mg/(Ls),延长水力停留时间,可以使去除率达到95%以上.该反应器对高浓度的苯具有突出的处理效果.同时所得到的产物为环己二烯双醇,可以被野生非高效菌W3快速利用.     

改进型量子遗传算法应用于区域水资源可持续利用评价

提出了一种对多项指标都能普遍适用的区域水资源可持续利用评价模型,将实数编码混沌量子遗传算法应用于区域水资源可持续利用评价模型中参数的优化,并用优化好的模型对区域水资源可持续利用做出评价。通过对中国12个区域实测数据的评价实例研究及与其它评价方法得到的结果进行对比,表明该模型具有实用性和可行性。     

Prenatal molecular diagnosis of gaucher disease

Prenatal diagnosis of Gaucher disease, the most prevalent glycolipid storage disease, is based on a reliable enzyme assay of cells from amniocentesis or chorionic villous samples. However, this method cannot differentiate among the various forms of the disease. This report details four cases of prenatal diagnosis of Gaucher disease, three of which predate the use of molecular diagnosis. DNA mutation analysis to determine the genotype was predictive of the phenotypic status of the fetus and conformed to the genotype of an affected proband where available.     

ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCE ASSESSMENT: EFFECTS OF BIOENGINEERED ORGANISMS1

ABSTRACT: The introduction of genetically altered microorganisms into natural ecosystems presents fundamentally new problems in risk assessment and ecological effect evaluation. Novel microorganisms, produced by any of several new methods, have the ability to survive and reproduce in the environment. Since most of these organisms are bacteria, they have the potential to interfere with natural processes, displace natural populations, infect new hosts, move between ecosystems, and cause far-reaching ecological disturbanes. This paper reviews currently available methods in ecological research that might be used in evaluating the ecological effects of releasing genetically altered microorganisms. Both structural and functional evaluations are critically reviewed. Microcosm, mesocosm, and field tests should provide valuable predictions concerning the potential ecological impact of genetically altered organisms. Ecosystem assessments will also be useful in post-release studies such as those currently used to evaluate toxic impacts. The present problem does not require the development of new testing methods but rather the creation of adequate predictive models (both conceptual and systems-based) to predict the potential for adverse effect of genetically altered organisms.     

Pollution and Genetic Structure of North American Populations of the Common Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale)

Assessing the genetic structure of natural populations differentially impacted by anthropogenic contaminants can be a useful tool for evaluating the population genetic consequences of exposure to pollution. In this study, measures of genetic diversity at variable-number-tandem-repeat loci in six dandelion populations (3 urban and 3 rural) showed patterns that may have been influenced by exposure to environmental contaminants. Mean genetic similarity among individuals within a population was significantly and positively correlated with increasing levels of airborne particulate matter ( 10 m, PM₁₀) and soil concentrations of four metals (Cd, Fe, Ni and Pb). In addition, mean genetic similarity was always significantly higher at the urban sites compared to rural sites. There was a significant negative correlation between the number of genotypes at a site and increasing amounts of PM₁₀, concentrations of five soil metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni and Pb), leaf tissue levels of Fe and a significant positive correlation between the extent of clonality at a site and levels of PM₁₀ and soil concentrations of five metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni and Pb). Although, this study does not directly establish a causal link between the specific contaminants detected at the study sites and differences in genetic diversity, our data are consistent with the hypothesis that pollution-induced selection has contributed in some fashion to the lower genetic diversity found at the urban sites.