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11.
新疆东准噶尔老山口金矿区发育有与金矿化密切有关的次火山闪长玢岩及与之密切伴生的闪长玢岩质隐爆角砾岩和闪斜煌斑岩质隐爆角砾岩 ,它们是在陆相火山作用下由同源岩浆分异演化而形成的产物。角砾岩具有浅成—超浅成环境及热塑、高压释放状态下的成岩特征。角砾岩的角砾、胶结物和次火山岩三者的岩石类型、岩相学特征和地球化学特征基本一致 ,具有稀土总量较低 ,轻稀土相对富集 ,重稀土相对亏损 ,铕异常不明显 ,大离子亲石元素相对富集 ,高场强元素相对亏损等特征。结合其构造背景、地质产状、岩石学和地球化学特征分析 ,这套岩石来源于受俯冲洋壳释放富含大离子亲石元素或强不相容元素流体交代过的亏损地幔楔。 相似文献
12.
湘东北中生代基性岩脉微量元素地球化学特征及岩石成因 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
湘东北中生代基性岩脉可以分为煌斑岩和辉绿岩两类 ,前者形成于 136 .6 1Ma ,后者形成于 86 .18Ma ,与华南中生代主要拉张时期相对应。岩石富集LREE ,Eu负异常不明显 ,其形成主要受地幔部分熔融作用制约。早期煌斑岩类微量元素和Sr、Nd同位素总体上具有富集地幔 (EMⅡ型 )洋岛玄武岩 (OIB)特征 ,富集Nd、P、Cs,而K、Rb、Sr、U、Th等富集程度不明显 ,Ta、Nb略有富集 ,具有软流圈地幔上涌地幔热柱玄武岩岩浆源区性质 ,表现出软流圈地幔上涌部分熔融的成岩特点。晚期辉绿岩类表现出Ta、Nb、Ti亏损 ,但LILE并不富集 ,反映地壳混染程度的增强 ,具有大陆拉张带 (裂谷初期 )形成的玄武岩岩浆源区性质 ,为岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成。二者具有不同的岩浆源区性质 ,从早期到晚期岩浆源区向上迁移并致使部分陆壳物质混入 ,反映由热点式拉张到岩石圈伸展 减薄的作用过程。 相似文献
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Jerry R. Miller Mark Lord Steven Yurkovich Gail Mackin Lawrence Kolenbrander 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2005,41(5):1053-1075
Sedimentation rates and sediment provenance were examined for lacustrine sediments deposited in Fairfield Lake, western North Carolina, during the past 111 years. Stratigraphic, radionuclide, and cartographic data indicate that sedimentation rates have increased several fold during the past three decades in response to localized development. The magnitude of increased sedimentation was surprising given limited development within the basin: 0.12 to 0.68 buildings/ha in 2000 in those parts directly delivering sediment to the dated cores. Thus, the analysis illustrates the potential sensitivity of watersheds in the southern Appalachians to changes in land cover. An approach that combined geochemical fingerprinting with sediment mixing models was subsequently evaluated to determine its ability to accurately estimate the contribution of sediment from (1) major bedrock formations that underlie the watershed and (2) potential sources associated with four land cover categories. Sediment sources in both analyses proved difficult to geochemically fingerprint to greater than 90 percent accuracy using data on acid‐soluble metals and selected isotopes of lead (Pb). The relative contributions of sediment from delineated sources, estimated by the mixing models, generally corresponded with known temporal and spatial patterns of land cover. However, the models were plagued by two significant problems — the chemical alteration of sediments as they were transported through upland streams to depositional sites within the lake and the loss of elemental mass. Thus, future investigations using the fingerprinting approach in this area of intense weathering, and presumably others, will need to modify the existing methods to more accurately elucidate changes in sediment provenance related to development. 相似文献
18.
K.R. Renjith V. Sudheesh Anu Shaji Ejin George Manju Mary Joseph C.S. Ratheesh Kumar 《毒物与环境化学》2016,98(1):36-52
The spatial and temporal variations of some trace metals in the surface sediments of Cochin Estuary were analyzed along with their geochemical associations to identify the possible sources, bioavailability and the health risks posed by them. The dominance of kaolinite and suggested that clay minerals distribution is influenced by sediment sorting. Total metal analysis revealed enrichment for Cd, Pb and Zn due to anthropogenic activities. The speciation analysis established that notwithstanding the large availability, carbonate as well as organic and sulfides bound fractions showed negligible associations with most of the metals. Hydrous Fe–Mn oxides appeared to play a major role in controlling the fate and transport of these metals in the sediments of Cochin Estuary. Lower contribution of the residual fractions for Cd (21%–26%), Pb (<60%) and Zn (24%–42%) indicated an obvious increase of other geochemical fractions. Risk assessment analysis revealed that regardless of total concentration, none of the analyzed metals were at safe levels in the estuary as appreciable percentages were found to be associated with mobile geochemical forms. The speciation study conspicuously established that the metals originating from non-geogenic sources are largely associated with the labile fractions and hence are more detrimental to the aquatic biota. 相似文献
19.
春季生物作用对山地岩溶池水地球化学特征的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
岩溶水文系统对外界环境变化敏感,使得岩溶区水质存在昼夜、小时甚至分钟等尺度的变化.许多地表水体都会经历p H值、溶解性气体、微量元素以及其他水化学指标的昼夜变化.重庆金佛山水房泉及受其补给的水池地处海拔2 050 m的山地岩溶区,具有温带气候特征.通过对水房泉泉水(以下简称泉水)及水池进行为期3 d的昼夜监测,以期探究春季生物作用对岩溶池水地球化学的影响.研究发现,在昼夜时间尺度上,泉水地球化学指标基本稳定,未表现出昼夜变化,池水地球化学指标化学表现出了昼夜波动,但水温、溶解氧、p H值、电导率等物理化学指标昼夜变化幅度较小.在不同的天气条件下,水温、溶解氧、Cl-等昼夜变化幅度存在差别;池水二氧化碳分压(p CO2)、Ca2+、DIC白天降低、晚上升高,方解石饱和指数(SIc)相反;这些指标的变化受控于温度、碳酸盐岩矿物的溶解与沉淀、水生植物光合作用与呼吸作用;通过亨利常数的计算,发现水温变化对p CO2变化的影响仅占0.79%~10.01%,水温、碳酸盐岩沉淀等物理因素对DIC损失量的贡献率为39%,水生植物光合作用的贡献率为61%. 相似文献
20.
Last Glacial mammals in South America: a new scenario from the Tarija Basin (Bolivia) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Coltorti M Abbazzi L Ferretti MP Iacumin P Rios FP Pellegrini M Pieruccini P Rustioni M Tito G Rook L 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2007,94(4):288-299
The chronology, sedimentary history, and paleoecology of the Tarija Basin (Bolivia), one of the richest Pleistocene mammalian
sites in South America, are revised here based on a multidisciplinary study, including stratigraphy, sedimentology, geomorphology,
paleontology, isotope geochemistry, and 14C geochronology. Previous studies have indicated a Middle Pleistocene age for this classic locality. We have been able to
obtain a series of 14C dates encompassing all the fossil-bearing sequences previously studied in the Tarija Basin. The dated layers range in age
from about 44,000 to 21,000 radiocarbon years before present (BP), indicating that the Tarija fauna is much younger than previously
thought. Glacial advances correlated to marine isotopic stages (MIS) 4 and 2 (ca. 62 and 20 ka BP, respectively) are also
documented at the base and at the very top of the Tarija–Padcaya succession, respectively, indicating that the Bolivian Altiplano
was not dry but sustained an ice cap during the Last Glacial Maximum. The results of this multidisciplinary study enable us
to redefine the chronological limits of the Tarija sequence and of its faunal assemblage and to shift this paleontological,
paleoclimatological, and paleoecological framework to the time interval from MIS 4 to MIS 2. 相似文献