穿越逆冲断层的埋地管道非线性反应分析

穿越逆冲断层的埋地管道在地震作用下,容易发生局部屈曲或整体失稳等形式的破坏,研究逆冲断层作用下的埋地管道地震反应规律,对管道抗震设计及施工等具有重要的意义。本文将埋地管线及周围土体从半无限地球介质中取出,分别以空间薄壳单元和实体单元进行离散,采用非线性接触力学方法模拟管、土之间的滑移、分离及闭合现象;采用线性位移加载模拟断层的错动,考虑了系统初始应力状态的影响,对土体未开裂前的管土相互作用系统进行了拟静力数值分析;分析了位错量、土体刚度、埋设深度、径厚比及跨越角度对埋地管道反应的影响,得出了一些有益的结论。     

利用数字地震波资料研究新疆天山中东段地区的介质衰减特征

利用新疆数字地震台网记录的155条地震波形资料,根据S波记录得到观测振幅谱,采用遗传算法联合反演的方法研究了新疆天山中东段地区(乌鲁木齐—乌苏—库尔勒地区)的几何衰减模型、介质非弹性衰减模型。结果表明:在500 km震源距范围内,研究区地震波的几何衰减满足三段衰减模型;研究区非弹性衰减Q值随频率f的关系为:Q(f)=344f~(0.55)。本研究为今后在该研究区利用数字地震观测资料开展震源谱的恢复和强地面运动的模拟等地震学、工程地震学研究奠定了基础。     

方钢管混凝土柱-钢梁竖向加劲板连接节点抗震性能分析

在合理选择材料本构关系、破坏准则的基础上,采用通用有限元软件ANSYS对方钢管混凝土柱-钢梁竖向加劲板式节点进行了低周反复荷载试验,以及在低周反复荷载下的抗震性能分析。结果表明:有限元分析得到的滞回曲线和骨架曲线与试验结果吻合较好;试件破坏为梁端破坏,塑性铰出现在梁端,在梁变截面附近出现了局部屈曲,也与试验结果一致。     

近断层强地震动下双层竖向重叠地铁隧道的地震反应

由于近断层地震动的特性显著地不同于距断层较远的地震动,基于江苏省的地震环境和南京地铁的建设背景,以深软场地中的双层竖向重叠隧道结构为研究对象,将地基土-地铁隧道体系视为平面应变问题,以软件ABAQUS为计算平台,考虑土体和隧道混凝土的非线性特性,研究了近断层强地震动作用下地铁双层隧道的水平向非线性地震反应特性,并与单层隧道的地震反应进行了比较。结果表明:在近断层地震动作用下,存在地铁隧道外侧的动应力大于隧道内侧的情况,且隧道的动应力比南京人工波(模拟距离断层较远的中远距离地震动)中震、大震作用下的动应力大1.4～3.4倍;双层隧道上、下两层隧道的动应力幅值均比其对应位置处的单层隧道小;双层隧道的相对水平位移均比其对应位置处的单层隧道大,双层隧道上层顶部的相对水平位移是浅埋单层隧道的1.29～1.69倍;双层隧道底部的加速度反应时程曲线与浅埋或深埋单层隧道的区别不大,其峰值加速度的差异在10%以内。     

广东暴雨过程的非线性预报

从高低纬环流指数、南支槽指数和澳洲高压指数,综合得到广东汛期暴雨过程的强信号。用指数曲线拟合的方法,多次滚动外延、叠加预报,获得未来若干次暴雨过程开始日期的预报。此方法预报时效长,有较好的预报效果。     

船舶与桥墩防撞系统碰撞的数值仿真分析

船舶与桥墩防撞系统的碰撞是一种复杂的非线性动态响应历程，整个系统的动态变形和应力变化过程主要取决于桥墩防撞系统的特性。探讨了碰撞力学及数值仿真分析的基本原理，并以某跨海大桥为例，借助于非线性有限元软件LS-DYNA，仿真分析了船舶撞击桥墩防撞系统的基本过程，反映了船舶与桥墩防撞系统碰撞时碰撞力、能量转化及防撞系统能量吸收和变形的时间历程，可供同类型桥墩防撞系统设计参考。     

On-Line Adaptive and Nonlinear Process Monitoring of a Pilot-Scale Sequencing Batch Reactor

This article describes the application of on-line nonlinear monitoring of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Three-way batch data of SBR are unfolded batch-wisely, and then a adaptive and nonlinear multivariate monitoring method is used to capture the nonlinear characteristics of normal batches. The approach is successfully applied to an 80 L SBR for biological wastewater treatment, where the SBR poses an interesting challenge in view of process monitoring since it is characterized by nonstationary, batchwise, multistage, and nonlinear dynamics. In on-line batch monitoring, the developed adaptive and nonlinear process monitoring method can effectively capture the nonlinear relationship among process variables of a biological process in a SBR. The results of this pilot-scale SBR monitoring system using simple on-line measurements clearly demonstrated that the adaptive and nonlinear monitoring technique showed lower false alarm rate and physically meaningful, that is, robust monitoring results.     

THRESHOLD TIME SERIES MODELING OF TWO ICELANDIC RIVERFLOW SYSTEMS1

ABSTRACT: This paper reports our experience in building time series models which connect the flows in two Icelandic rivers with the meteorological variables of precipitation and temperature. Two rivers with different hydrological characteristics were studied. In areas where precipitation may be either in the form of rain or snow linear models are inadequate to describe the relationship between the river and the meteorological variables. The methodology of threshold models recently developed seems to be well suited for taking into account the sharp difference in the relationship according to whether it is freezing or not. The possibility of identifying an alternative threshold variable is also explored.     

ANALYSIS OF PUMPING TESTS: SIGNIFICANCE OF WELL DIAMETER,PARTIAL PENETRATION,AND NOISE1

ABSTRACT: The nonlinear least squares (NLS) method was applied to pumping and recovery aquifer test data in confined and unconfined aquifers with finite diameter and partially penetrating pumping wells, and with partially penetrating piezometers or observation wells. It was demonstrated that noiseless and moderately noisy drawdown data from observation points located less than two saturated thicknesses of the aquifer from the pumping well produced an exact or acceptable set of parameters when the diameter of the pumping well was included in the analysis. The accuracy of the estimated parameters, particularly that of specific storage, decreased with increases in the noise level in the observed drawdown data. With consideration of the well radii, the noiseless drawdown data from the pumping well in an unconfined aquifer produced good estimates of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivities and specific yield, but the estimated specific storage was unacceptable. When noisy data from the pumping well were used, an acceptable set of parameters was not obtained. Further experiments with noisy drawdown data in an unconfined aquifer revealed that when the well diameter was included in the analysis, hydraulic conductivity, specific yield and vertical hydraulic conductivity may be estimated rather effectively from piezometers located over a range of distances from the pumping well. Estimation of specific storage became less reliable for piezometers located at distances greater than the initial saturated thickness of the aquifer. Application of the NLS to field pumping and recovery data from a confined aquifer showed that the estimated parameters from the two tests were in good agreement only when the well diameter was included in the analysis. Without consideration of well radii, the estimated values of hydraulic conductivity from the pumping and recovery tests were off by a factor of four.     

多风机多级机站通风网络的状态估计

利用计算机实现矿井通风系统优化管理和自动控制,必须具有相应的硬件基础,即需要一定数量的遥控检测装置,实时检测出系统运行中的部分状态变量的值,并传送到控制中心,作为计算机决策的依据。本文提出了利用加权最小二乘状态估计器对矿井通风系统进行静态状态估计以及对检测量中出现的错误数据进行识别、纠正的方法。利用该算法对一个中等规模的实际矿井通风系统进行了计算机的仿真计算,获得了满意的结果。