The role of parental behaviour for the development of behaviour specific environmental norms – The example of recycling and re-use behaviour

Based on the norm activation theory we developed assumptions about how parents may influence specific pro-environmental behaviours (i.e. re-use of paper and recycling) of their children (age 8–10). A sample of 206 parent-child-dyads were investigated using questionnaires recording norm activation model variables for children (i.e. awareness of need, awareness of consequences, personal norm, subjective norm, pro-environmental behaviour), as well as communication behaviour and actual behaviour of parents. For both behaviours (re-use and recycling) two separate structural equation models were tested (N = 206 and N = 194). Model fit statistics indicate a good fit of empirical data and model structure for both behaviours, supporting our assumption that the norm activation model can be applied to pro-environmental behaviour of young children. Communication behaviour of parents had a different influence on the two respective behaviours. While parents seemed to influence their children's recycling behaviour via sanctions and their own behaviour, re-use of paper was mainly influenced via communication of problem knowledge.     

体育教学中全面推进素质教育的探讨

本文根据素质教育有关理论,对高校在体育教学中如何实施素质教育进行了探讨。提出实施素质教育应从以改造教材内容为突破口,调整体育课程结构;以改进教学方法为先导,发挥学生的主体作用;以提高师资水平为根本,发挥教师的主导作用;以改革考核方法为切入点,摆脱“应试教育”的束缚。     

论在我国高等教育中实施环境教育

综述了环境教育的由来和意义,分析了我国高等教育中开展环境教育现状,提出了目前在高等教育中实施环境教育的重点。     

非环境专业在校大学生环境意识调查分析研究——以南通市为例

以问卷调查形式了解南通市非环境专业在校大学生环境意识现状,并针对本次调查所暴露的问题,提出从校园环境建设与管理、课程设置、课堂教学、学生的社会实践活动四个方面着手全面培养在校大学生的环境素质,建议多方面多渠道补充非环境专业在校大学生的环境保护知识,引导他们主动积极地参与环境保护行动,提高他们的环境素质。以期为更好的开展在校大学生环境教育提供一定的依据。     

人的个性分析与大学生就业指导

本文通过对人的个性分析，在了解学生个性的同时，有针对性地指导他们的就业工作：指导学生正确地认识自己，帮助学生转变就业观念、进行职业生涯规划等，使学生在毕业时能够找到一份适合自己的工作。     

加强青少年生态文明教育的方法与途径探析

广大青少年是中国未来的主人,他们的生态文明素质和观念直接影响着我国经济社会的可持续发展。本文提出了加强青少年生态文明教育的基本方法和途径。     

新时期环境宣传教育工作的思考和探索

环境保护是一个复杂的社会系统工程,环境宣传教育具有先导和前驱的重要作用,只有充分认识宣教工作的重要意义,建立良好的宣教体制,加大宣教投入,全面提高宣教队伍素质,积极开展宣传教育研究,进一步唤醒人们环境保护的自觉性和责任心,环境保护的目标才能实现。     

Reviewing University Community Gardens for Sustainability: taking stock,comparisons with urban community gardens and mapping research opportunities

Community gardens (CGs) in university settings are faced with challenges associated with a transient and inexperienced population of student gardeners, but they also have the potential to have a lasting impact on the food behaviours of many young people. This paper undertakes a systematic critical review of literature about University Community Gardens for Sustainability (UCGS) in order to suggest directions of future research in the emerging field research about CGs within and outside of universities. The literature shows that UCGS have similar benefits to those identified in urban CG literature; but with greater emphasis on both the educational and environmental sustainability benefits, suggesting an under-used potential of CGs in these areas. We argue that a better understanding of the particular challenges and benefits of UCGS could improve outcomes of CGs in all settings. Therefore we recommend that future should explore: (1) participant transience in CGs, thereby helping sustainability projects with large volunteer bases learn to cope with challenges this poses in order to maximise the garden’s impacts; (2) whether/how participating in CGs can contribute to changes in attitudes/behaviours with regards to sustainability and be used as a tool for Education for Sustainability in and outside of university settings and (3) failed cases of CGs to genuinely understand factors that contribute to success. By addressing these areas we can improve our understanding of how community gardening can contribute to our communities, universities and environment, and can begin to make these potential contributions a reality.     

The 18-week fetal examination and detection of anomalies

From its beginning in the fifties the use of ultrasound in gynaecology and obstetrics has expanded extensively. Ultrasound technology has taken us from a time when the mother was our prime focus to the present where it is the unborn baby. Ultrasound assessments may have significant consequences for pregnancy care by optimizing the time, the mode and the location of the delivery as well as preparing the postnatal staff for a prenatally defined fetal problem. A major factor in the development was the groundbreaking work of an obstetrician, Ian Donald, and an engineer, Tom Brown, at Queen Mother's Hospital in Glasgow, who produced an ultrasound instrument called the Diasonograph. The first screening program offering a systematic ultrasound examination to a large pregnant population began in Malmoe, in 1973 and aimed to detect twins. Since then the examination has evolved over the years to include a systematic evaluation of the intrauterine contents. A number of randomized controlled trials have been reported and several large studies have reported the efficiency of routine fetal examinations for the detection of anomalies. Detection rates for the various subsets are presented. The learning curve regarding the ability to detect anomalies and the importance of proper training has also been shown. The procedure ‘routine fetal examination’ has been significant in supporting the continuous development of fetal medicine. The consequences of the improved dating of every pregnancy and the in utero transport of a sick fetus rather than an emergency transportation of a sick neonate, have an established evidence base. Ultrasound technology has had a remarkable ability to trigger great technical minds to move the technology forward year after year. Through a continuous cooperation between technicians and clinicians, this impressive technology of ultrasound will continue to support our work for the unborn child. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

加强环境宣传教育工作应当关注的两个问题

本文通过分析新形势下环境宣传教育工作的形势和现状，提出改进和加强环境宣传教育工作必须关注和解决环境宣传教育工作规范化和基础工作薄弱问题的建议。