排序方式: 共有25条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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利用实验室制备的镁铝阴离子粘土材料,研究了其吸附水中瓜儿胶的动力学和热力学.结果表明,在瓜儿胶初始质量浓度为20~60 mg/L及温度为298~323 K时,阴离子粘土对水中瓜儿胶的吸附动力学符合准二级速率方程.阴离子枯土对瓜儿胶的吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附方程,吸附是吸热反应,吸附量随温度升高而略有增加,但吸附表观活化能只有18.13kJ/mol,说明温度对吸附的影响不显著.实验还表明,阴离子粘土对水中瓜儿胶的吸附性能优于活性炭. 相似文献
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Vikas Kumar T. K. Das Dhruba Jyoti Sarkar Shashi Bala Singh Rashmi Dhaka 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(6):402-409
Controlled release formulations of imazethapyr herbicide have been developed employing guar gum-g-cl-polyacrylate/bentonite clay hydrogel composite (GG-HG) and guar gum-g-cl-PNIPAm nano hydrogel (GG-NHG) as carriers, to assess the suitability of biopolymeric hydrogels as controlled herbicide release devices. The kinetics of imazethapyr release from the developed formulations was studied in water and it revealed that the developed formulations of imazethapyr behaved as slow release formulations as compared to commercial formulation. The calculated diffusion exponent (n) values showed that Fickian diffusion was the predominant mechanism of imazethapyr release from the developed formulations. Time for release of half of the loaded imazethapyr (t1/2) ranged between 0.06 and 4.8 days in case of GG-NHG and 4.4 and 12.6 days for the GG-HG formulations. Weed control index (WCI) of GG-HG and GG-NHG formulations was similar to that of the commercial formulation and the herbicidal effect was observed for relatively longer period. Guar gum-based biopolymeric hydrogels in both macro and nano particle size range can serve as potential carriers in developing slow release herbicide formulations. 相似文献
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Flocculants—an Ecofriendly Approach 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
B. R. Sharma N. C. Dhuldhoya U. C. Merchant 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2006,14(2):195-202
Although water-soluble synthetic polymers find wide applications as flocculants, the potential problem associated with their use is lack of biodegradability and high cost. Polysaccharides owing to their distinctive features like ability to undergo different chemical reactions, biodegradability and sustainability inspire hope to obtain effective, economical viable and safe substitute of the synthetic flocculants. In this regard, chemical modification of Cassia tora and guar gum was carried out through different substitution and grafting reactions. The modified products were tested against kaolin under laboratory conditions vis-a-vis polyacrylamide based synthetic flocculant. 相似文献
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A comparative study of biopolymers and alum in the separation and recovery of pulp fibres from paper mill effluent by flocculation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sumona Mukherjee Soumyadeep Mukhopadhyay Agamuthu Pariatamby Mohd. Ali Hashim Jaya Narayan Sahu Bhaskar Sen Gupta 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(9):1851-1860
Recovery of cellulose fibres from paper mill effluent has been studied using common polysacchatides or biopolymers such as Guar gum, Xanthan gum and Locust bean gum as flocculent. Guar gum is commonly used in sizing paper and routinely used in paper making. The results have been compared with the performance of alum, which is a common coagulant and a key ingredient of the paper industry. Guar gum recovered about 3.86 mg/L of fibre and was most effective among the biopolyrners. Settling velocity distribution curves demonstrated that Guar gum was able to settle the fibres faster than the other biopolymers; however, alum displayed the highest particle removal rate than all the biopolymers at any of the settling velocities. Alum, Guar gum, Xanthan gum and Locust bean gum removed 97.46%, 94.68%, 92.39% and 92.46% turbidity of raw effluent at a settling velocity of 0.5 cm/min, respectively. The conditions for obtaining the lowest sludge volume index such as pH, dose and mixing speed were optimised for guar gum which was the most effective among the biopolymers. Response surface methodology was used to design all experiments, and an optimum operational setting was proposed. The test results indicate similar performance of alum and Guar gum in terms of fioc settling velocities and sludge volume index. Since Guar gum is a plant derived natural substance, it is environmentally benign and offers a green treatment option to the paper mills for pulp recycling. 相似文献
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海藻酸钠-刺槐豆胶复合凝胶珠吸附孔雀绿 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以刺槐豆胶、海藻酸钠为材料制备复合凝胶珠,利用红外光谱、热重分析对其进行表征,探讨孔雀绿浓度、吸附时间及pH对复合凝胶珠吸附孔雀绿的影响。红外光谱和热重分析表明,复合凝胶珠制备成功且热稳定性介于刺槐豆胶和海藻酸钠之间。复合凝胶珠对孔雀绿的吸附在5h后达到平衡,pH=6为最佳吸附pH,相同条件下复合凝胶珠对孔雀绿的吸附作用优于活性炭,其对孔雀绿的吸附行为符合Freundlich吸附等温方程和颗粒内扩散模型。海藻酸钠一刺槐豆胶复合凝胶珠有望成为新的处理印染废水的吸附剂。 相似文献
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利用醋酸乙酯为能源和碳源从土壤中分离到一株菌。在生理生化试验的基础上,利用16S rDNA的方法鉴定这株菌为假单胞菌属细菌。底物特异性试验表明,假单胞菌EA41菌株可代谢多种醋酸酯类化合物。休眠细胞反应试验表明,这株菌的水解酶能水解口香糖的主要成分聚醋酸乙烯酯产生醋酸。 相似文献
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Effects of past and present livestock grazing on herpetofauna in a landscape‐scale experiment
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Geoffrey M. Kay Alessio Mortelliti Ayesha Tulloch Philip Barton Daniel Florance Saul A. Cunningham David B. Lindenmayer 《Conservation biology》2017,31(2):446-458
Livestock grazing is the most widespread land use on Earth and can have negative effects on biodiversity. Yet, many of the mechanisms by which grazing leads to changes in biodiversity remain unresolved. One reason is that conventional grazing studies often target broad treatments rather than specific parameters of grazing (e.g., intensity, duration, and frequency) or fail to account for historical grazing effects. We conducted a landscape‐scale replicated grazing experiment (15,000 km2, 97 sites) to examine the impact of past grazing management and current grazing regimes (intensity, duration, and frequency) on a community of ground‐dwelling herpetofauna (39 species). We analyzed community variables (species richness and composition) for all species and built multiseason patch‐occupancy models to predict local colonization and extinction for the 7 most abundant species. Past grazing practices did not influence community richness but did affect community composition and patch colonization and extinction for 4 of 7 species. Present grazing parameters did not influence community richness or composition, but 6 of the 7 target species were affected by at least one grazing parameter. Grazing frequency had the most consistent influence, positively affecting 3 of 7 species (increased colonization or decreased extinction). Past grazing practice affected community composition and population dynamics in some species in different ways, which suggests that conservation planners should examine the different grazing histories of an area. Species responded differently to specific current grazing practices; thus, incentive programs that apply a diversity of approaches rather than focusing on a change such as reduced grazing intensity should be considered. Based on our findings, we suggest that determining fine‐scale grazing attributes is essential for advancing grazing as a conservation strategy. 相似文献