气相色谱法测定油漆稀释剂中的苯系物

建立了油漆稀释剂中苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯异构体多种有毒有害成分同时检测技术。采用HP-5石英毛细管柱分离,FID检测器,一氯代苯作为内标,考察了主要苯系物的线性,校正因子和回收率情况。结果:线性回归情况良好,相关系数r除苯以外均>0.99;苯、甲苯、乙苯、间(对)二甲苯、邻二甲苯的平均相对校正因子分别为0.6229、0.6994、0.7347、0.7230、0.7320;回收率分别为98.57%、97.69%、95.92%、97.41%、94.19%。两种无苯稀释剂苯系物总量分别为:50.98%、49.88%,含有微量苯;松香水中苯含量为6.77%、苯系物总量12.93%,毒性大于无苯稀释剂。     

顶空气相色谱法测定水中苯系物研究

采用专用自动顶空进样器和大口径毛细管柱对静态顶空气相色谱法测定水中苯系物进行了研究,最低检出浓度0.001mg/L,可用于地表水和废水中苯系物的测定。     

Determination of vanillin in vanilla perfumes and air by capillary electrophoresis

The present study investigated capillary electrophoretic detection of vanillin in vanilla perfume and air. An UV-absorbance detector was used in a home-made capillary electrophoretic instrument. A fused silica capillary (outer diameter: 364 μm, inner diameter: 50 μm) was used as a separation capillary, and a high electric voltage (20 kV) was applied across the two ends of the capillary. Total length of the capillary was 70 cm, and the effective length was 55 cm. Experimental results showed that the vanillin peak was detected at about 600, 450, and 500 seconds when pH of running buffers in CE were 7.2, 9.3, and 11.5, respectively. The peak area of vanillin was proportional to its concentration in the range of 0–10^?2 mol/L. The detection limit was about 10^?5 mol/L. Vanillin concentration in a 1% vanilla perfume sample was determined to be about 3×10^?4 mol/L, agreed well with that obtained by a HPLC method. Furthermore, determination of vanillin in air by combination of CE and active carbon adsorption method was investigated     

分层填料土地毛管渗滤系统脱氮作用研究

对土壤煤渣分层的土地毛管渗滤系统的脱氮效果和机理进行了研究。氮的静态吸附试验和土壤全氮含量分析表明,填料对氮的去除作用有限。植物对总氮的去除贡献率只占0.47%,作用不明显。温度和总氮去除率的相关分析表明,温度对总氮去除效果影响不显著。提高出水水位30 cm以创造适合反硝化菌生长的还原环境,总氮去除率由39.1%下降到30.0%,可见氧化还原条件不是系统反硝化反应的限制条件。投加葡萄糖作为碳源,使C/N〉3,有机物去除率保持在80%以上,总氮的去除率上升到52.4%,较高的C/N比能有效提高土地毛管渗滤系统的总氮去除效果。     

Rapid and sensitive headspace gas chromatographic method for cyanide determination in whole blood

We reported a simple and rapid headspace (HS) gas chromatographic (GC) assay for the determination of cyanide in human whole blood obtained from both cadaveric and intoxicated subjects. The poison was extracted from whole blood samples by HS technique after 10 min incubation at 80°C with a HCl (1N) acidic solution supplemented with 30 g L^?1 of sodium chloride and 10 mg L^?1 of isopropanol as internal standard. A SGE WAX capillary column (30 m × 0.32 mm ID × 0.5 µm df) was used. The Flame Ionization Detector (FID) was set at 250°C. The detection and the quantification limits were 0.02 and 0.2 mg L^?1, respectively. In the within-day study, the coefficients of variation for three different whole blood cyanide concentrations varied between 3.2 and 6.5%, whereas those in the day-to-day study varied between 4.8 and 6.3%. The assay was performed in less than 20 min per sample, which appears to be suitable for emergency toxicological tasks involved in diagnosis of cyanide poisoning.     

甲苯在毛细带中的垂向迁移过程及其环境要素响应

为探究甲苯在非均质毛细带中的迁移规律及环境要素响应,采用一维土柱淋滤分层监测实验,模拟瞬时释放情境下甲苯从包气带进入毛细带到达含水层的迁移过程,同步监测pH值、DO、ORP等环境要素随甲苯迁移的变化规律,利用Pearson方法识别各环境要素与甲苯迁移的相关性.结果表明:甲苯在毛细带中迁移可分为4个阶段,即以重力作用为主...     

北京市大气气溶胶PM2.5中水溶性有机酸的测定

采用毛细管电泳的方法对北京大气PM_2.5中低分子量二元羧酸、醛酸、酮酸和甲磺酸等10种水溶性有机酸进行了测定.方法的定量检测限为110～280 μg/L(提取液),峰面积的相对标准偏差为1.7%～6.0%,标准工作曲线的线性相关系数为0.995～0.999.北京夏、秋、冬3季10种有机酸的总量平均分别为721ng/m³、362ng/m³、325 ng/m³,浓度水平总体上与国外大城市相当.其中乙二酸的含量最为丰富.通过各种有机酸浓度的季节变化规律,简要地探讨了它们的来源特征.     

大口径毛细管柱气相色谱法在聚酯废气组成分析中的应用

采用直接进样大口径毛细管柱气相色谱法，可同时测定聚酯废气中乙烯、乙醛、乙酸、2－甲基－1，3－二氧戊环、三聚乙醛等污染物含量。进样量为1mL时，方法对乙烯、乙醛、乙酸、2－甲基－1，3－二氧戊环、三聚乙醛的最低检出浓度分别为1.0mg/m^3,2.3mg/m^3,7.3mg/m^3,2.7mg/m^3,3.3mg/m^3，回标回收率为92.0%-97.9%，相对标准偏差为1.8%-2.9%。对某煤厂聚酯废气进行实测，取得了较为满意的结果。