VUV/TiO_2/O_3去除水中微量硝基苯的研究

采用负载在钛片上的二氧化钛(TiO2)薄膜光催化剂,以能发射185 nm真空紫外线(VUV)的紫外灯为光源,研究臭氧强化的真空紫外光催化方法(VUV/TiO2/O3)对水中微量硝基苯的去除效果.结果表明,VUV/TiO2/O3是一种有效地去除水中微量硝基苯的方法,VUV/TiO2/O3的表观一级反应速率常数比UV/TiO2/O3和VUV/O3分别高102.8%和30.8%,去离子水中50 μg/L的硝基苯反应60 s后就降低到检测限以下.VUV/TiO2/O3对硝基苯的降解速率随臭氧投加量的增加而显著增大,臭氧投加量1.52 mg/L时的反应速率比不加臭氧时提高了134.4%;虽然表观一级反应速率常数随初始浓度增加而稍有下降,但初始浓度170 μg/L的硝基苯反应2 min后也无法检出.水中常见的重碳酸盐和腐殖酸对硝基苯降解有显著的抑制作用,两者浓度分别为2 mmol/L和3.2 mg/L时,VUV/TiO2/O3对硝基苯的表观反应速率常数分别下降82.9%和71.6%,反应速率常数的倒数与重碳酸氢根浓度线性相关.VUV/TiO2/O3能快速有效地去除地表水(含碳酸盐和天然有机物)中的微量硝基苯,4 min内初始浓度为90 μg/L的硝基苯去除率达到96%,UV254降低了80%.     

Optimization of parameters on photocatalytic degradation of chloramphenicol using TiO2 as photocatalyist by response surface methodology

The experimental design methodology was applied for modeling and optimizing the operation parameters on photocatalytic degradation of chloramphenicol (CAP) using TiO2 as photocatalyst in a photoreactor. Three experimental parameters (including pH, TiO2 concentration and CAP initial concentration) were adopted to obtain the preliminary information. The multivariate experimental design was employed to establish a quadratic model as a functional relationship between the degradation rate of CAP and three experimental parameters. The interaction e ects and optimal parameters were obtained by using Design Expert software. The optimal values of the operation parameters under the related constraint conditions were found at pH 6.4, TiO2 concentration of 0.94 g/L and CAP initial concentration of 19.97 mg/L, respectively. The degradation rate of CAP approached 85.97% under optimal conditions. The regression analysis with R2 value of 0.9519 had a good agreement between the experimental results and the predictive values. In addition, pH and TiO2 concentration had a significant influence on the degradation rate of CAP.     

Effect of dye-metal complexation on photocatalytic decomposition of the dyes on TiO2 under visible irradiation

The photocatalytic degradation of dyes (Acid Chrome Blue K (ACBK) and Alizarin Red (AR)) with strong complexation ability was investigated in the presence of metal ions under visible light irradiation.It was found that, at low dye-metal ratio, the photodegradation of ACBK was markedly inhibited by the addition of high oxidative potential Cu2+.However, at high dye-metal ratio, the presence of Cu2+ enhanced the photodegradation of ACBK.The negtive effect of Cu2+ on the photodegradation of AR was observed for all dye-metal ratios.The relative chemical inert Zn2+ tended to enhance the photodegradation of both anionic dyes.The mechanism underlying the different effect of Cu2+ is discussed from the different roles of surface-adsorbed and dye-coordinated Cu2+ in the photodegradation of dyes.     

Role of the reduction site in the fluorinated or sulfated TiO2 photocatalytic process

In this article,the effects of TiO_2 surface fluorination and sulfation,on the active oxygen species formed at the reduction site in the photocatalytic process,namely O_2~(?) and H_2O_2,were investigated from a new perspective.The superoxide radical,(O_2~(?)),was determined by colorimetry of nitroblue tetrazolium,a prominent O_2~(?) scavenger.Hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) was estimated by using the iodide-starch method.In the naked TiO_2 photocatalysis,O_2~(?) though less reactive,was a very important intermediate.When the TiO_2 surface was fluorinated,more O_2~(?) and H_2O_2 were produced,which indicated that the surface modification could greatly reduce the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes,thus enhancing the photocatalytic rate.In the sulfated system,photocatalysis proceeded with a more complicated mechanism.These results added support to the view of fluoride-induced enhancement and sulfide's nonappreciable inhibition effect.     

光催化反应器中臭氧产量及其影响因素研究

二氧化钛光催化降解染料废水具有反应迅速、降解彻底的优点.文章以悬浮态TiO2作为自制紫外光催化反应器(145W,185W)的催化剂,处理通有定量夺气的清水来产生微量的臭氧,通过改变臭氧捕捉方式、初始pH值、反应时间、TiO2用量及光照强度,研究纯水中臭氧产量及pH与上述因素之间的关系,并以循环伏安法作为对照.单因素实验...     

TiO2/陶粒光催化降解甲基橙研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了以陶粒为载体的新型、高光催化活性的复合光催化剂TiO2/陶粒,使用XRD、TG-DTA、FT-IR进行表征;以甲基橙为目标降解物,考察了焙烧温度、催化剂投加量、初始pH值等因素对甲基橙去除效果的影响。结果表明:甲基橙初始浓度为100 mg/L时,最佳降解条件是pH=3,焙烧温度700℃,催化剂投加量30 g/L。     

Photocatalytic degradation of paraquat using nano-sized Cu-TiO2/SBA-15 under UV and visible light

Photocatalytic degradation of paraquat using mesoporous-assembled Cu-TiO₂/SBA15 under UV and visible light was investigated. The catalyst was synthesized by impregnation of Cu-TiO₂ colloids onto SBA-15. The colloids of Cu-TiO₂ were prepared via sol-gel method while the mesoporous support was prepared using hydrothermal technique. The catalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, transmission electron microscopy, UV diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Zeta potential and X-ray adsorption spectroscopy. Results from characterizations showed that Cu doped TiO₂ had a small crystalline size and was well-dispersed on SBA-15. The inclusion of SBA-15 significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst. Among the three types of undoped catalyst in this study (P25, TiO₂, TiO₂/SBA-15), TiO₂/SBA-15 yielded the highest degradation of paraquat for all pH under UV illumination. Meanwhile 2 wt.% Cu-TiO₂/SBA-15 yielded the highest activity under visible light.     

纳米TiO2光催化-SBR联合工艺处理制药废水

采用偶联剂法将纳米TiO2附着于聚丙烯多面小球上,以"纳米TiO2光催化-SBR"联合工艺对实际制药废水进行了处理.在光催化降解阶段,以催化剂添加量、光照时间、pH值、H2O2使用量为因素进行正交实验,所得的最佳工况如下:催化剂添加量为54.8mg·L-1 (400个小球),光照时间为4h,pH值为5.0,H2O2使用量为0.5mg·L-1;在SBR处理阶段,沉淀时间为1h,曝气时间为10h,曝气强度为1.25m3·h-1,水力停留时间为26h.在以上工况条件下,联合工艺对CODCr去除率可达到87.66%,BOD5去除率可达到88.59%,SS去除率可达到61.09%,pH值从5 00上升到7.67.可见,运用联合工艺对制药废水进行处理是可行的.     

微波辅助光催化降解兽药环丙氨嗪

利用微波光催化实验装置研究了水溶液中兽药环丙氨嗪的光催化降解,探讨了添加微波无电极灯(EDL)对降解反应的促进作用.结果表明,环丙氨嗪在微波辅助1.0g/L TiO2光催化体系中反应20min降解率可达99.6%,检测到的主要降解产物为三聚氰胺.环丙氨嗪在pH3.0~9.0范围内的微波辅助光催化降解率都高于99%;增加TiO2用量和EDL数量均显著提高其降解率.外源添加NO3-离子明显降低了环丙氨嗪的降解率,主要由于NO3-对紫外光的强吸收和在TiO2表面带正电的空穴位的吸附作用.     

一种复合催化剂及其光催化降解煤矿瓦斯的性能研究

为提高催化剂光催化降解煤矿瓦斯效率,运用溶胶-凝胶浸渍过程将具有优异吸附性能的活性炭颗粒引入催化剂,制备了新型复合催化剂Ga2O3/AC。采用XRD、SEM、N2吸附等方法对新型复合催化剂的结构形貌及比表面积进行理化表征,验证了复合催化剂制备方法的可行性。同时以真空紫外灯为光源,进行光催化氧化降解瓦斯的模拟实验,对比考察Ga2O3、活性炭颗粒及复合催化剂的光催化活性。结果表明,相比单一Ga2O3,复合催化剂光照时间为180 min后对甲烷的降解率提高了13%,达到100%去除率。